scholarly journals Time Course Evaluation of Carotenoid and Retinol Concentrations in Posthatch Chick Tissue

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1258-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKRAM-UL HAQ ◽  
CHRISTOPHER A. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Chick Tissue

scholarly journals Time-course evaluation of blood glucose changes in response to insulin delivery in critically ill patients

Critical Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P440
Author(s):  
F Bass ◽  
S Bird ◽  
N Hammond ◽  
J Myburgh ◽  
S Finfer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Course Evaluation

scholarly journals Spontaneous one-kidney rats are more susceptible to develop hypertension by DOCA-NaCl and subsequent kidney injury compared with uninephrectomized rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (10) ◽  
pp. F1054-F1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexiang Wang ◽  
Ashley C. Johnson ◽  
Jennifer M. Sasser ◽  
Jan M. Williams ◽  
Leah C. Solberg Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Solitary Kidney ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Unilateral Renal Agenesis ◽  
Single Kidney

There is little clinical data of how hypertension may influence individuals with nephron deficiency in the context of being born with a single kidney. We recently developed a new rat model (the heterogeneous stock-derived model of unilateral renal agenesis rat) that is born with a single kidney and exhibits progressive kidney injury and decline in kidney function with age. We hypothesized that DOCA-salt would induce a greater increase in blood pressure and therefore accelerate the progression of kidney injury in rats born with a solitary kidney compared with rats that have undergone unilateral nephrectomy. Time course evaluation of blood pressure, kidney injury, and renal hemodynamics was performed in the following six groups of animals from weeks 13 to 18: 1) DOCA-treated rats with a solitary kidney (DOCA+S group), 2) placebo-treated rats with a solitary kidney, 3) DOCA-treated control rats with two kidneys (DOCA+C group), 4) placebo-treated control rats with two kidneys, 5) DOCA-treated rats with two kidneys that underwent uninephrectomy (DOCA+UNX8 group), and 6) placebo-treated rats with two kidneys that underwent uninephrectomy. DOCA+S rats demonstrated a significant rise ( P < 0.05) in blood pressure (192 ± 4 mmHg), proteinuria (205 ± 31 mg/24 h), and a decline in glomerular filtration rate (600 ± 42 μl·min−1·g kidney weight−1) relative to the DOCA+UNX8 (173 ± 3 mmHg, 76 ± 26 mg/24 h, and 963 ± 36 μl·min−1·g kidney weight−1) and DOCA+C (154 ± 2 mmHg, 7 ± 1 mg/24 h, and 1,484 ± 121 μl·min−1·g kidney weight−1) groups. Placebo-treated groups showed no significant change among the three groups. An assessment of renal injury markers via real-time PCR/Western blot analysis and histological analysis was concordant with the measured physiological parameters. In summary, congenital solitary kidney rats are highly susceptible to the induction of hypertension compared with uninephrectomized rats, suggesting that low nephron endowment is an important driver of elevated blood pressure, hastening nephron injury through the transmission of elevated systemic blood pressure and thereby accelerating decline in kidney function.

scholarly journals Time-course evaluation of intestinal structural disorders in a porcine model of intra-abdominal hypertension by mechanical intestinal obstruction

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0191420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Párraga Ros ◽  
Laura Correa-Martín ◽  
Francisco M. Sánchez-Margallo ◽  
Irma Eugenia Candanosa-Aranda ◽  
Manu L. N. G. Malbrain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Abdominal Hypertension

Abstract 153: Born with a Single Kidney versus Nephrectomy: Similar End Point, Different Mechanism of Injury

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexiang Wang ◽  
Ashley Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Lee ◽  
Leah Solberg-Woods ◽  
Michael R Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Nephron Number ◽  
Unilateral Renal Agenesis ◽  
Renal Ablation ◽  
Single Kidney

A relatively common abnormality of the urogenital tract in humans is the development of only a single kidney (1:500 to 1:1000). Clinical studies suggest that patients born with a single kidney can develop proteinuria, hypertension, and even renal failure later in life. In contrast, studies in children who undergo nephrectomy or adults who serve as kidney donors appear to exhibit little difference in renal function compared to two-kidney subjects. Invasive techniques such as nephrectomy or renal ablation have been used to generate animal models to recapitulate this human congenital disorder. The progression of injury in these models is attributed to hyperfiltration which refers to changes in hemodynamics that cause glomerular damage leading to hypertension. Recently, our lab developed a new genetic animal model [heterogeneous stock derived model of unilateral renal agenesis, (HSRA)] that develops with a single kidney in 50-75% of offspring. The model is characterized by reduced nephron number, kidney hypertrophy, and renal injury that leads to a decline in renal function. Time course evaluation of blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, and renal injury was performed in 4 groups; (1) HSRA-S (1-kidney), (2) HSRA-C (2-kidney littermates), (3) HSRA-UNX3 (uninephrectomy-week 3) and (4) HSRA-UNX8 (uninephrectomy-week 8). Nephrectomized animals demonstrated hyperfiltration, whereas single kidney animals (HSRA-S) did not. This suggests a different pathophysiological mechanism of injury between congenital and nephrectomized rats. At later time points, proteinuria for HSRA-UNX3 (82±22.9 mg/24h) and HSRA-UNX8 (46±18.1) were significantly higher than HSRA-C (11±6.4), while HSRA-S (109±15.7) demonstrated the highest proteinuria. GFR was lowest in HSRA-S (656±123.9 ul/min/gKW), followed by HSRA-UNX3 (1151±112.4), HSRA-UNX8 (1309±98.3) and HSRA-C (1544±111.7). Microarray studies have identified several developmental genes ( Hox5b , Smoc2 and c- Kit ) that may be linked to reduced nephron number and other structural changes that could predispose the HSRA-S to kidney injury later in life. These results demonstrate that rats born with a single kidney are more prone to renal injury than nephrectomized rats and the mechanism is likely different.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous stock rats: a new model to study the genetics of renal phenotypes

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. F1484-F1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah C. Solberg Woods ◽  
Cary Stelloh ◽  
Kevin R. Regner ◽  
Tiffany Schwabe ◽  
Jessica Eisenhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Injury ◽  
Unilateral Renal Agenesis ◽  
Heterogeneous Stock

Chronic kidney disease is a growing medical concern, with an estimated 25.6 million people in the United States exhibiting some degree of kidney injury and/or decline in kidney function. Animal models provide great insight into the study of the genetics of complex diseases. In particular, heterogeneous stock (HS) rats represent a unique genetic resource enabling rapid fine-mapping of complex traits. However, they have not been explored as a model to study renal phenotypes. To evaluate the usefulness of HS rats in the genetics of renal traits, a time course evaluation ( weeks 8–40) was performed for several renal phenotypes. As expected, a large degree of variation was seen for most renal traits. By week 24, three (of 40) rats exhibited marked proteinuria that increased gradually until week 40 and ranged from 33.7 to 80.2 mg/24 h. Detailed histological analysis confirmed renal damage in these rats. In addition, several rats consistently exhibited significant hematuria (5/41). Interestingly, these rats were not the same rats that exhibited proteinuria, indicating that susceptibility to different types of kidney injury is likely segregating within the HS population. One HS rat exhibited unilateral renal agenesis (URA), which was accompanied by a significant degree of proteinuria and glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. The parents of this HS rat were identified and bred further. Additional offspring of this pair were observed to exhibit URA at frequency between 40% and 60%. In summary, these novel data demonstrate that HS rats exhibit variation in proteinuria and other kidney-related traits, confirming that the model harbors susceptibility alleles for kidney injury and providing the basis for further genetic studies.

The Effects of a Brain-Enhanced Estradiol Delivery System on Testosterone and Androgen-Dependent Tissues. I. Dose-Response and Time-Course Evaluation

Endocrinology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMAD H. RAHIMY ◽  
WESLEY R. ANDERSON ◽  
MARCUS E. BREWSTER ◽  
NICOLAS BODOR ◽  
JAMES W. SIMPKINS
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Course Evaluation

Gene expression profiling of normal and malignant CD34-derived megakaryocytic cells

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 3126-3135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tenedini ◽  
Maria Elena Fagioli ◽  
Nicola Vianelli ◽  
Pier Luigi Tazzari ◽  
Francesca Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Permeability Transition Pore ◽  
Permeability Transition ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Oligonucleotide Microarray Analysis

Abstract Gene expression profiles of bone marrow (BM) CD34-derived megakaryocytic cells (MKs) were compared in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and healthy subjects using oligonucleotide microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and disease-specific transcripts. We found that proapoptotic genes such as BAX, BNIP3, and BNIP3L were down-regulated in ET MKs together with genes that are components of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex, a system with a pivotal role in apoptosis. Conversely, antiapoptotic genes such as IGF1-R and CFLAR were up-regulated in the malignant cells, as was the SDF1 gene, which favors cell survival. On the basis of the array results, we characterized apoptosis of normal and ET MKs by time-course evaluation of annexin-V and sub-G1 peak DNA stainings of immature and mature MKs after culture in serum-free medium with an optimal thrombopoietin concentration, and annexin-V–positive MKs only, with decreasing thrombopoietin concentrations. ET MKs were more resistant to apoptosis than their normal counterparts. We conclude that imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis seems to be an important step in malignant ET megakaryocytopoiesis.

Time-course evaluation and treatment of skin inflammatory immune response after ultraviolet B irradiation

Cytokine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela L. Paz ◽  
Alejandro Ferrari ◽  
Federico S. Weill ◽  
Juliana Leoni ◽  
Daniel H.Gonzalez Maglio
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Inflammatory Immune Response ◽  
Ultraviolet B Irradiation

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effects of Stretch-Injury on Primary Rat Microglia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Shaughness ◽  
Kimberly Byrnes
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Stretch Injury ◽  
Arginase 1 ◽  
A Cell

Abstract Background: Mechanical stretch-injury is a prominent force involved in the etiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is known to directly cause damage and dysfunction in neurons, astrocytes, and endothelial cells. However, the deleterious effects of stretch-injury on microglia, the brain’s primary immunocompetent cell, are currently unknown. Methods: The Cell Injury Controller II (CICII), a validated model of cellular neurotrauma, was used to induce a mechanical stretch-injury in primary rat microglia. Statistical analysis utilized student t-test and one and two way-ANOVAs with Tukey’s and Sidak’s multiple comparisons, respectively. Results: Cells exposed to stretch-injury showed no signs of membrane permeability, necrosis, or apoptosis, as measured by media derived lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cleaved-caspase 3 immunocytochemistry, respectively. Interestingly, injured cells displayed a functional deficit in production nitric oxide (NO), identified by media assay and immunocytochemistry, at 6, 12, 18, and 48 hours post-injury. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 and enzyme arginase-1 was significantly down-regulated at 12 hours post-injury. Time course evaluation of migration, using a cell exclusion zone assay, showed stretch-injured cells display decreased migration into the exclusion zone at 48 and 72 hours post-stretch. Lastly, coinciding with the functional immune deficits, was a significant change in morphology, with process length decreasing and cell diameter increasing following an injury at 12 hours. Conclusions: Taken together, the data demonstrate that stretch-injury produces significant alterations in microglial function, which may have marked impact on their response to injury or their interaction with other cells.

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