scholarly journals Broiler Weight Gain and Carcass Composition when Fed Diets Varying in Amino Acid Balance, Dietary Energy, and Protein Level

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. SUMMERS ◽  
D. SPRATT ◽  
J.L. ATKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

scholarly journals Protein Level and Amino Acid Balance in the Laying Ration

1964 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Biely ◽  
B.E. March
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

THE EFFECT OF PROTEIN LEVEL AND AMINO ACID BALANCE UPON THYROID ACTIVITY IN THE CHICK

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. March ◽  
Jacob Biely ◽  
K. R. Pastro
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

Chicks fed diets containing 26% of protein had larger thyroid glands than did chicks fed diets containing 17.5% of protein. Thyroidal uptake of I131 per chick was also greater in the chicks fed the higher level of protein. The basal diets were deficient in methionine. Supplementation of the diets with lysine, which would aggravate the amino acid imbalance, significantly depressed thyroidal uptake of I131 per chick. It is concluded that the amino acid composition of dietary protein, as well as the protein level in the diet, affects thyroid activity in the chick.

THE EFFECT OF THE ESSENTIAL TO NONESSENTIAL AMINO ACID RATIO ON TURKEY PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. BEDFORD ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Protein Intake

The effect of altering the proportion of dietary protein supplied as essential amino acids (EAA) on the performance and carcass characteristics of young turkeys (to 3 wk of age) was investigated at three dietary protein levels (22, 26 and 30%) using semipurified diets. Four ratios of EAA to nonessential amino acids (NEAA) were employed (70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60) at each dietary protein level. Maxima in weight gain, percent and total carcass protein and feed intake were observed when EAA supplied 60% of total protein (i.e., the 60:40 ratio) at each protein level. The differences in weight gain and total carcass protein were largely attributed to differences in feed intake, since feed conversion efficiency was relatively unaffected by altering the EAA: NEAA ratio. More specifically, weight gain was shown to be limited by total protein intake. Since weight gain was maximized at the 60:40 ratio diets (in which all EAA are supplied at 128% of requirement) at least one of the EAA requirement values is incorrect. Key words: Turkeys, essential amino acids, protein requirement

CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF LAYING BIRDS FED RAPESEED MEAL

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
R. GRANDHI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

Diets containing up to 11% of rapeseed meal protein were fed to individually caged White Leghorn laying birds. Egg production, feed intake and body weight gain were less for birds fed rapeseed, rather than soybean meal. The reduction in body weight gain was associated with a reduction in carcass fat content, and an increase in carcass protein and moisture contents. Liver fat was also less for birds fed rapeseed meal. Results from amino acid supplementation studies indicated that the reduction in carcass fat deposition of laying birds fed RSM may be involved with dietary amino acid balance.

scholarly journals BROILER CARCASS COMPOSITION AS AFFECTED BY AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTATION

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
STEVEN LEESON
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Key Words Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Soybean Diet

A corn-soybean diet containing 20% protein and a similar diet with glycine supplementation, to give a diet with a 24% protein equivalent, were supplemented with lysine and methionine. Weight gain, feed intake and carcass composition of male broilers were compared to those of similar birds fed a 24% protein corn-soybean diet. Weight gain and feed:gain ratio for the amino-acid-supplemented 20% protein diet were not significantly different from the 24% protein diet. The addition of glycine, while having little effect on performance, resulted in a reduction (P < 0.05) in carcass fat. In a second experiment, increasing the level of dietary protein to 22% from 16% or supplementing the 16% diet with additional lysine and methionine failed to alter weight gain or feed:gain ratio during the 4- to 7-wk finishing period. However, total carcass protein was increased and total carcass fat was reduced with the higher protein diet. Although the amount of total edible meat was similar for all diets, the 22% protein diet resulted in meat containing a greater percentage of protein than the other dietary treatments. An interesting observation was the decrease in protein and increase in fat contents of breast meat when additional methionine was added to a 16% protein diet. Key words: Amino acid supplementation, broiler carcass composition, meat yields

Effect of supplementation and stage of growth on the partitioning of nutrients by Hereford x Friesian steers fed on grass silage based diets

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
N.D. Scollan ◽  
A. Cooper ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
M. Wright ◽  
J.M. Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Nutrient Partitioning ◽  
Feeding Systems

Forage based feeding systems are often disadvantaged compared with those based on high cereal usage in terms of feed intake, live weight gain and efficiency of utilisation of dietary energy and protein. Furthermore, under some situations, particularly with animals fed on grass silage, cattle often have higher fat:protein carcass ratios than those fed other forage-diets. However, other factors such as age, genotype and physiological state may also influence nutrient partitioning. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of diet (based on silage alone or supplemented with additional energy and/or protein) and stage of development on the partitioning of nutrients between fat and lean deposition. Overall effects of diet on animal performance and carcass composition were reported by Scollan et al. (1999).

scholarly journals The Effects of Protein Level and Amino Acid Balance in Wheat-Based Laying Rations

1972 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. March ◽  
Jacob Biely
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Amino Acid Balance
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