scholarly journals Ontogeny of Daily Rhythmicity in Plasma Corticosterone and Variation in Sensitivity of the Corticosterone Response in Turkey Poults

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. DAVIS ◽  
T.D. SIOPES
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Turkey Poults ◽  
Daily Rhythmicity ◽  
Corticosterone Response

scholarly journals Effects of test experience, closed-arm wall color, and illumination level on behavior and plasma corticosterone response in an elevated plus maze in male C57BL/6J mice: a challenge against conventional interpretation of the test

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Shoji ◽  
Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Illumination Level ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Corticosterone Response

AbstractThe elevated plus maze test is a widely used test for assessing anxiety-like behavior and screening novel therapeutic agents in rodents. Previous studies have shown that a variety of internal factors and procedural variables can influence elevated plus maze behavior. Although some studies have suggested a link between behavior and plasma corticosterone levels, the relationships between them remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of experience with a battery of behavioral tests, the wall color of the closed arms, and illumination level on the behavior and plasma corticosterone responses in the elevated plus maze in male C57BL/6J mice. Mice were either subjected to a series of behavioral tests, including assessments of general health and neurological function, a light/dark transition test, and an open field test, or left undisturbed until the start of the elevated plus maze test. The mice with and without test battery experience were allowed to freely explore the elevated plus maze. The other two independent groups of naïve mice were tested in mazes with closed arms with different wall colors (clear, transparent blue, white, and black) or different illumination levels (5, 100, and 800 lx). Immediately after the test, blood was collected to measure plasma corticosterone concentrations. Mice with test battery experience showed a lower percentage of open arm time and entries and, somewhat paradoxically, had lower plasma corticosterone levels than the mice with no test battery experience. Mice tested in the maze with closed arms with clear walls exhibited higher open arm exploration than mice tested in the maze with closed arms with black walls, while there were no significant differences in plasma corticosterone levels between the different wall color conditions. Illumination levels had no significant effects on any measure. Our results indicate that experience with other behavioral tests and different physical features of the maze affect elevated plus maze behaviors. Increased open arm time and entries are conventionally interpreted as decreased anxiety-like behavior, while other possible interpretations are considered: open arm exploration may reflect heightened anxiety and panic-like reaction to a novel situation under certain conditions. With the possibility of different interpretations, the present findings highlight the need to carefully consider the test conditions in designing experiments and drawing conclusions from the behavioral outcomes in the elevated plus maze test in C57BL/6J mice.

Pituitary-adrenal response to bacterial endotoxin in developing rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (4) ◽  
pp. E525-E530 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Witek-Janusek
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Bacterial Endotoxin ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Corticosterone Response ◽  
Adrenal Response ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Related Pattern

The neonatal rat is very sensitive to the lethal effects of bacterial endotoxin. Because of the adaptive importance of pituitary-adrenal secretions to stress, this study examined the ontogeny of the plasma corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses to endotoxin. The lethal sensitivity of young rats to endotoxin ranged from 0.5 to 30 mg/kg (ip) in the 1- to 21-day-old rat. After endotoxin treatment, the 1- and 2-day-old rat showed marked elevations of corticosterone similar in magnitude to that seen in 21-day-old and adult rats; however, significantly depressed corticosterone increments were observed in the 5-, 10-, and 14-day-old rats. This age-related pattern of adrenocortical secretion was correlated with the developing rat's corticosterone response to exogenous ACTH. In contrast, endotoxin administered to 5-, 10-, and 14-day-old rats resulted in increments of plasma ACTH similar to those observed in the 21-day-old and adult rats. Although plasma ACTH levels increased by 84-127% in the 1- and 2-day-old rats, these increases were significantly less than those of rats at all other ages tested. Thus the newborn rat mounts an effective corticosterone response to endotoxin, loses this ability between ages 5-14 days, and regains this response at 21 days of age. Because the hyporesponsive ages exhibit a marked increase in ACTH secretion, the loss of the adrenocortical response to endotoxin appears to be a result of a depressed responsiveness of the adrenal cortex to ACTH.

Temporal patterns of limbic monoamine and plasma corticosterone response during social stress

Neuroscience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 553-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H Summers ◽  
T.R Summers ◽  
M.C Moore ◽  
W.J Korzan ◽  
S.K Woodley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Corticosterone Response

Pituitary-adrenal function after transplantation in rats: dependence on age of the adrenal graft

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (1) ◽  
pp. E87-E93
Author(s):  
W. C. Engeland
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adrenal Cells ◽  
Adrenal Tissue ◽  
Corticosterone Response

Comparisons of resting plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and corticosterone in the morning and afternoon were made among adult rats bearing regenerated adult adrenal grafts, neonatal (day 1) adrenal grafts, adult adrenal capsule grafts, or intact adrenals. In the morning plasma ACTH and corticosterone were similar in all rats. In the afternoon, plasma ACTH was elevated in rats bearing neonatal adrenal grafts or adult adrenal capsule grafts, but not in rats bearing whole adult adrenal grafts. There was no difference in afternoon plasma corticosterone among rats bearing transplanted adrenals, although afternoon plasma corticosterone was decreased in rats bearing transplants compared with rats with intact adrenals. Thus the increased plasma ACTH after adrenal transplantation cannot be explained entirely by decreases in resting plasma corticosterone. Adrenal responsiveness to ACTH was tested at 5 wk after transplantation in the afternoon by measuring the plasma corticosterone response to submaximal doses of ACTH. The responsiveness was decreased in rats bearing transplants. In addition, responsiveness was inversely related to the age of the grafted adrenal tissue. Adrenals regenerated from adult adrenals were more responsive than adrenals regenerated either from neonatal adrenals or from adult adrenal capsules. The findings suggest that following adrenal transplantation reestablishment of normal pituitary-adrenocortical function does not occur in rats bearing adrenals regenerated from immature adrenal cells. In addition, comparable alterations occur after regeneration of adrenal tissue from neonatal adrenal cells and adult adrenal capsular cells. Elevated plasma ACTH associated with adequate plasma corticosterone in rats bearing adrenals regenerated from immature adrenal cells may result from chronic alteration in responsiveness to steroid feedback.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Thyrotropin (TSH) Response to Synthetic TSH-Releasing Factor Following Pharmacological Blockade of Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) Secretion

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Koch ◽  
Michel Jobin ◽  
Serge Dulac ◽  
Claude Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Corticosterone Response ◽  
Pharmacological Blockade ◽  
Nembutal Anesthesia

Pretreatment of rats with either dexamethasone or chlorpromazine, morphine, and Nembutal, though completely preventing the rise in plasma corticosterone and hence the release of ACTH otherwise associated with the intravenous injection of either saline or synthetic TSH-releasing factor (TRF) (200 ng), under ether or Nembutal anesthesia, failed to alter the plasma TSH response to TRF recorded 10 min after the injection. The plasma corticosterone response to the stress of the intravenous injection was of the same order in the animals injected with TRF as in the saline-injected controls. These findings fail to support the hypothesis of a competition between ACTH and TSH secretion at the pituitary level.

Physiological stress in captive Greater rheas (Rhea americana): Highly sensitive plasma corticosterone response to an ACTH challenge

2009 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvina Lèche ◽  
Juan M. Busso ◽  
Cristian Hansen ◽  
Joaquín L. Navarro ◽  
Raúl H. Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Rhea Americana ◽  
Acth Challenge ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Corticosterone Response

DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY OF PITUITARY-ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSE IN MICE: PLASMA AND BRAIN CORTICOSTERONE DETERMINATION AFTER HISTAMINE STRESS

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
RYOKO KAKIHANA ◽  
STEPHEN BLUM ◽  
SEYMOUR KESSLER
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Histamine Dihydrochloride ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Corticosterone Response ◽  
Adrenocortical Stress Response ◽  
Hybrid Mice ◽  
The Brain

SUMMARY The development of the pituitary-adrenocortical stress response was studied in CBA/J × DBA/2J hybrid mice. On the basis of the plasma corticosterone response 15 min after a subcutaneous injection of histamine dihydrochloride (50 mg/kg), the first three neonatal weeks could be divided into stress-nonresponsive (3–211 days) and stress-responsive 16–21 days) periods. During the former period, corticosterone levels in the brains of the non-stressed control mice were 63% higher than those of comparable mice during the latter period. Histamine stress significantly increased corticosterone concentrations in the brain during both these periods, but the increase was much greater (88%) during the stress-responsive period than during the stress-nonresponsive period (29%).

Plasma Corticosterone Response to Parameters of Electric Shock Stimulation in the Rat

1967 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANFORD B. FRIEDMAN ◽  
ROBERT ADER ◽  
LEE J. GROTA ◽  
TRUUS LARSON
Keyword(s):  
Electric Shock ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Corticosterone Response
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