scholarly journals Effect of Linoleic Acid Reserves on Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency of the Chick

1972 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Roland ◽  
Hardy M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency

scholarly journals Influence of sex and gonadal hormones on rat-liver and carcass lipids during the development of an essential fatty acid deficiency

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ostwald ◽  
P Bouchard ◽  
P Miljanich ◽  
RL Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency

1. Groups of intact male and female rats and castrated rats injected with oestradiol or testosterone were given a diet containing hydrogenated coconut oil for 9 weeks, and at intervals the amounts and fatty acid compositions of the carcass and liver lipids were determined. 2. Male rats grew faster and larger, and exhibited typical external essential fatty acid deficiency symptoms sooner than did females. Testosterone-treated castrated male rats were similar to males, and oestradiol-injected castrated male rats resembled females. 3. Intact females maintained a higher linoleic acid concentration in their carcass than did males. Total amounts of carcass linoleic acid remained similar for all groups, only 200mg. being removed in 9 weeks regardless of body size. 4. The amounts of total cholesteryl esters were independent of liver size. They were higher in males and testosterone-treated castrated male rats than in females and oestrogen-treated castrated male rats. 5. Phospholipids represented about 80% of the liver lipids. The total amounts of the phospholipid linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were similar for all groups regardless of liver size, and were not affected appreciably by the deficiency. Females and oestrogen-treated castrated male rats maintained a higher proportion of phospholipid arachidonic acid for longer periods than did their male counterparts. Both the total amounts and the proportions of eicosatrienoic acid and palmitic acid were higher in males than in females. 6. Supplementation of the essential fatty acid-deficient diet with linoleic acid caused a rapid loss of eicosatrienoic acid and palmitic acid with a concomitant increase in stearic acid and arachidonic acid. 7. There were no obvious differences in the way that the essential fatty acids were metabolized or mobilized from adipose tissue of male or female rats during essential fatty acid deficiency. 8. The results indicated that the greater growth rate of the male rats caused them to require and synthesize more phospholipids than did the females. In the absence of adequate amounts of arachidonic acid, eicosatrienoic acid was substituted into the additional phospholipid. The earlier symptoms of essential fatty acid deficiency in the male rat could therefore be ascribed to the higher tissue concentrations of this unnatural phospholipid and its inability to perform the normal metabolic functions of phospholipids.

LINOLEIC ACID STATUS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. E61
Author(s):  
Asim Maqbool ◽  
Joan I. Schall ◽  
Babette S. Zemel ◽  
J. Felipe Garcia-Espana ◽  
Birgitta Strandvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency

Intestinal absorption and postabsorptive metabolism of linoleic acid in rats with short-term bile duct ligation

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (6) ◽  
pp. G1242-G1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna M. Minich ◽  
Rick Havinga ◽  
Frans Stellaard ◽  
Roel J. Vonk ◽  
Folkert Kuipers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Administration

We investigated in bile duct-ligated (BDL) and sham-operated control rats whether the frequent presence of essential fatty acid deficiency in cholestatic liver disease could be related to linoleic acid malabsorption, altered linoleic acid metabolism, or both. In plasma of BDL rats, the triene-to-tetraene ratio, a biochemical marker for essential fatty acid deficiency, was increased compared with controls (0.024 ± 0.004 vs. 0.013 ± 0.001; P < 0.05). Net and percentage of dietary linoleic acid absorbed were decreased in BDL rats compared with control rats (1.50 ± 0.16 mmol/day and 81.3 ± 3.3% vs. 2.08 ± 0.07 mmol/day and 99.2 ± 0.1%, respectively; each P < 0.001). At 24 h after [13C]linoleic acid administration, BDL rats had a similar ratio of plasma [13C]arachidonic acid to plasma [13C]linoleic acid concentration compared with control rats. Δ6-Desaturase activity was not significantly different in hepatic microsomes from control or BDL rats. At 3 h after [13C]linoleic acid administration, plasma appearance of [13C]linoleic acid and cumulative expiration of 13CO2 were decreased in BDL rats, compared with controls (by 54% and 80%, respectively). The present data indicate that the impaired linoleic acid status in cholestatic liver disease is mainly due to decreased net absorption and not to quantitative alterations in postabsorptive metabolism.

scholarly journals The effect of essential-fatty-acid deficiency on the activity of liver phosphatidate phosphatase in rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Stewart ◽  
George M. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Phosphatidate Phosphatase ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficient ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency

The activities of the soluble and microsomal phosphatidate phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.4) are greater in the livers of essential-fatty-acid-deficient rats than in rats fed diets containing linoleic acid.

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