scholarly journals Establishing the Generic Structure Potential of Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi Oral Folk Narratives, Dondan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Yvonne Michelle Campbell ◽  
Kamila Ghazali ◽  
Sakina Sahuri Suffian Sahuri
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Generic Structure ◽  
Folk Narrative ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Folk Narratives ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Semantic Attributes

This study aimed to establish the genre status of the Bidayuh oral folk narrative, known as dondan, with a focus on the Bau-Jagoi Bidayuh group. In order to analyse the genre status of the dondan, the Generic Structure Potential (GSP) is used. The analyses revealed that the dondan has a similar GSP to English Fairy Tales but differs in terms of one of the elements, the Placement, which is an obligatory element in the dondan. The study also revealed that the Semantic Attributes which realises these GSP elements are more culturally based. Although the GSP of the dondan is similar to English Fairy Tales, it is the optional elements that reflect the culturally related elements of the dondan especially the communicative purpose to educate and disseminate cultural knowledge. Future work on oral folk narrative should include in-depth analysis of lexicogrammatical items.

scholarly journals "Kinda like the folklore of its day": Supernatural, fairy tales, and ostension

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Tosenberger
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fan Fiction ◽  
Television Series ◽  
Folk Narrative ◽  
Folk Narratives

This essay considers the use of folklore in the television series Supernatural: the show does not simply retell folk narratives, but performs them both diegetically and metatextually in a process known as ostension. In the process of performance, main characters Sam and Dean often research and analyze the stories themselves, and perform portions of the folk narrative in order to bring about a resolution. This essay focuses upon episode 3.05 "Bedtime Stories," which does not simply depict the folk narrative genre of fairy tales, but also directly engages with the discourse surrounding fairy tales in popular culture; in particular, the episode reproduces widespread understandings of fairy tales as a gendered genre. The essay concludes with a discussion of fan fiction that uses fairy tales, seeing it as a transformative response to Supernatural's own transformation of folk narratives.

scholarly journals From Smokebush to Spinifex: Indigenous traditional knowledge and the commercialisation of plants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Janke
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Australian Plant ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Indigenous Plant

Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, have diverse relationships with plants and their seeds. This cultural knowledge has been passed on through the generations, creating a deep history that has produced sophisticated fields of knowledge intimately linked to both diverse cultural geographies and the natural environment across the country. Western scientific, government and private sector commercial institutions have been collecting Australian plant material for over 200 years. Sometimes, such ‘collectors’ obtain the Indigenous knowledge simultaneously with the plant material. On occasions, the culturally-based Indigenous ownership of that knowledge is acknowledged by collectors. However in the majority of instances that has not been the case. Furthermore, different western institutions take different approaches to the collection, management and use of Australian plant material and associated Indigenous plant knowledge. A particular challenge in this arena is the lack of any shared understanding of Indigenous knowledge and intellectual property issues that are involved, and how those might best be addressed. But there is a gathering momentum, from diverse quarters, to face such challenges. This paper aims to contribute to consideration of the issues involved in order to promote more robust inclusion of Indigenous rights, interests and concerns.

Linguistic expressions as cultural units

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Elke Diedrichsen
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Sources ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Linguistic Conventions ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The paper argues in favor of including cultural aspects in the description of communicative interaction. According to Eco (1976), a linguistic sign is a cultural unit. In order to use it properly, a speaker relies on communicative experience with this unit within a culture (Wittgenstein 1960; Feilke 1996, 1998; Everett 2012). We expand the notion of ‘cultural unit’ by including internet memes found in social media (Shifman 2013, 2014; Diedrichsen 2013a, 2013b, 2019a, 2019b). The term builds on Richard Dawkins’ 1976 definition of a ‘meme’ as a unit that is the cultural equivalent of a biological gene. The paper proposes three knowledge sources for the production and comprehension of these units. The first is semiotic knowledge, the second is common ground knowledge (Clark 1996), and the third knowledge source involves culturally shared cognitive conceptualizations on which word meanings and other linguistic conventions are founded (Sharifian 2003, 2011, 2015, 2017). These three knowledge sources are established through daily interactions and learning processes within a culture (Kecskés and Zhang 2009). The paper characterizes the application of these three knowledge sources for a variety of sign uses. We will also show that a cultural view on pragmatics, as suggested by Sharifian (2017), serves to describe speech acts by identifying their culturally based source. The paper therefore demonstrates that the inclusion of cultural knowledge enables a perspective on communication that goes beyond the analysis of spoken and written words within communities of speakers, as it includes emerging means of communicative interaction in the digital age.

Fairy tales, folk narrative research and history

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B. Bottigheimer
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Narrative Research ◽  
Folk Narrative

scholarly journals BUILDING GENERALIZATION USING DEEP LEARNING

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4 ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sester ◽  
Y. Feng ◽  
F. Thiemann
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Map Series ◽  
Training Examples ◽  
Future Work

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Cartographic generalization is a problem, which poses interesting challenges to automation. Whereas plenty of algorithms have been developed for the different sub-problems of generalization (e.g. simplification, displacement, aggregation), there are still cases, which are not generalized adequately or in a satisfactory way. The main problem is the interplay between different operators. In those cases the benchmark is the human operator, who is able to design an aesthetic and correct representation of the physical reality.</p><p>Deep Learning methods have shown tremendous success for interpretation problems for which algorithmic methods have deficits. A prominent example is the classification and interpretation of images, where deep learning approaches outperform the traditional computer vision methods. In both domains &amp;ndash; computer vision and cartography &amp;ndash; humans are able to produce a solution; a prerequisite for this is, that there is the possibility to generate many training examples for the different cases. Thus, the idea in this paper is to employ Deep Learning for cartographic generalizations tasks, especially for the task of building generalization. An advantage of this task is the fact that many training data sets are available from given map series. The approach is a first attempt using an existing network.</p><p>In the paper, the details of the implementation will be reported, together with an in depth analysis of the results. An outlook on future work will be given.</p>

scholarly journals How valid is the integrity of mobile-based testing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kharisma Fenditasari ◽  
Edi Istiyono ◽  
Heru Kuswanto
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Knowledge ◽  
Local Traditions

Evaluation recognizes that the interaction of culture and local traditions greatly influences the composition of an individual’s cognitive knowledge. Indeed, there is broad agreement that it is desirable to incorporate the cultural knowledge of indigenous students into pedagogical practice. Choosing a new invention of indigenous peoples, e.g. the kora-kora, against measuring the Bloomian critical thinking skills test, i.e. analyzing, evaluating and creating, developed with physics training in terms of wave motion topics, then integrated into android Mobile-Based Testing, this study examines and compares Mobile-Based Testing physics in critical thinking against instinctive, accumulated knowledge of physics. This study describes methods to develop reliable, objective, and valid MBT, measuring students’ critical thinking skills in physics in three steps using empirical data. Specifically, the calculated phase of defining, designing, and developing is devised for local schools. Samples were progressively distributed, through deliberate random sampling, in the medium to the high cognitive bracket and to others within the low to moderate cognitive bracket (in total to 60 students, ages 15–16). The approval of both content and empirical studies represents the index of validity in this depth analysis. Various positive similarities with other formative critical thinking tests show and justify creating an unexpected newly devised test, evidence of which is in the text. The conventional model is discussed along with presenting further work suggestions.

scholarly journals Revenue diversification in public higher learning institutions: an exploratory Malaysian study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-397
Author(s):  
Nik Nazli Nik Ahmad ◽  
Siti Alawiah Siraj ◽  
Suhaiza Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Higher Learning ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Revenue Diversification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Senior Officers ◽  
Learning Institutions ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Perception Survey

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent of revenue diversification of selected Malaysian public higher learning institutions (HLIs) and the perceptions of senior officers of Malaysian public HLIs on matters related to revenue diversification. Design/methodology/approach The study analyses data from the HLIs’ financial statements to compute the Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI) for revenue diversification and a perception survey with senior officers of the Malaysian public HLIs. Findings The results suggest that while a majority of the Malaysian public HLIs were still dependent largely on government funding, the more established and larger HLIs had a slightly more diversified revenue structure. The survey suggested that overall the senior officers were receptive to the need for revenue diversification. Research limitations/implications The paper is largely based on a perception survey. Future work should utilise in-depth interviews and/or focus groups and a more in-depth analysis of financial statement data to provide richer data. Practical implications The study’s findings provide useful baseline data upon which further work may be built, particularly in the less explored developing country context. They will also prove useful to the administrators of public HLIs in other parts of the world facing a similar financial austerity situation. Originality/value The present study examines both the extent of revenue diversification of HLIs as well as senior HLI officers’ perceptions on revenue diversification strategies. Most prior studies on revenue diversification have examined non-profit organisations, not HLIs and most were either only perception-based studies or only looked at the extent of revenue diversification using the HHI.

SNOMED CT Implementation

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rosenbeck Gøeg ◽  
A. Randorff Højen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Snomed Ct ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Systematized Nomenclature Of Medicine ◽  
Future Work

SummaryClinical practice as well as research and quality-assurance benefit from unambiguous clinical information resulting from the use of a common terminology like the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine – Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT). A common terminology is a necessity to enable consistent reuse of data, and supporting semantic interoperability. Managing use of terminology for large cross specialty Electronic Health Record systems (EHR systems) or just beyond the level of single EHR systems requires that mappings are kept consistent. The objective of this study is to provide a clear methodology for SNOMED CT mapping to enhance applicability of SNOMED CT despite incompleteness and redundancy. Such mapping guidelines are presented based on an in depth analysis of 14 different EHR templates retrieved from five Danish and Swedish EHR systems. Each mapping is assessed against defined quality criteria and mapping guidelines are specified. Future work will include guideline validation.

scholarly journals Review of smart learning: Patterns and trends in research and practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Kam Cheong Li ◽  
Billy Tak-Ming Wong
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Smart Learning ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Views And Perceptions ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Future Work

This article presents a review of the literature on smart learning in order to provide a comprehensive overview of its latest developments in research and practice. The review covered 90 studies published from 2010 to 2019, which were collected from three publication databases, namely Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest. They were analysed for the patterns and trends in terms of publication years, sources of publication, countries or regions of publication, research purposes, research methods, educational levels of the studies, application domains, research issues, research participants, learning devices or tools, learning environments and learning features. Overall, the findings show that increasing global attention was given to smart learning from diverse disciplines and contexts of application. The results also reveal the areas which should be addressed in future work: development of pedagogies which make effective use of smart learning technologies in different learning environments; examination of smart learning to cope with learners’ needs in informal contexts; in-depth analysis of how smart learning could be tailored to fit the characteristics of various application domains; and investigation of the views and perceptions of teachers on smart learning technologies, their readiness to use these technologies and their challenges and needs for support.

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