scholarly journals Potential Use of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Estimating the Age of Blowfly Pupae Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Rizoh Bosorang ◽  
Zaini Assim ◽  
Sulaiman Hanapi ◽  
Fatimah Abang
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Chrysomya Megacephala ◽  
Branched Alkanes ◽  
Dependent Model ◽  
Blowfly Pupae ◽  
Potential Use

Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to determine the weathering time in cuticular hydrocarbon of pupae Chrysomya megacephala in sheltered condition. The results have shown that cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) of the pupae were a mixture of n-alkanes, methyl-branched alkanes, and dimethyl-branched alkanes, with carbon chain length ranging from C19 to C39.The study presents the significant correlation between the changes pattern in relative abundance of several CHC and development phase in pupae. Further analysis with multiple linear regression indicated that several CHC compounds showed strong correlation to blowfly pupae age, which were then utilized to create a prediction equation for the age estimation. Finally, the application of the age-dependent model had revealed that estimated age correlated significantly with chronological age of samples C. megacephala., y = 0.97x + 0.092, R2 = 0.9698. The study concluded that, CHC have a potential to estimate age of immature C. megacephala, and possibly in other flies species, and might further be used to determine the PMI.

scholarly journals Cuticle hydrocarbons in saline aquatic beetles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Botella-Cruz ◽  
Adrián Villastrigo ◽  
Susana Pallarés ◽  
Elena López-Gallego ◽  
Andrés Millán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Aquatic Beetles ◽  
Branched Alkanes ◽  
Chain Compounds

Hydrocarbons are the principal component of insects cuticle and play an important role in maintaining water balance. Cuticular impermeability could be an adaptative response to salinity and desiccation in aquatic insects; however, cuticular hydrocarbons have been poorly explored in this group and there are no previous data on saline species. We characterized cuticular hydrocarbons of adults and larvae of two saline aquatic beetles, namely Nebrioporus baeticus (Dytiscidae) and Enochrus jesusarribasi (Hydrophilidae), using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. The CHC profile of adults of both species, characterized by a high abundance of branched alkanes and low of unsaturated alkenes, seems to be more similar to that of some terrestrial beetles (e.g. desert Tenebrionidae) compared with other aquatic Coleoptera (freshwater Dytiscidae). Adults of E. jesusarribasi had longer chain compounds than N. baeticus, in agreement with their higher resistance to salinity and desiccation. The more permeable cuticle of larvae was characterized by a lower diversity in compounds, shorter carbon chain length and a higher proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons compared with that of the adults. These results suggest that osmotic stress on aquatic insects could exert a selection pressure on CHC profile similar to aridity in terrestrial species.

scholarly journals Cuticle hydrocarbons in saline aquatic beetles

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3562 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Botella-Cruz ◽  
Adrián Villastrigo ◽  
Susana Pallarés ◽  
Elena López-Gallego ◽  
Andrés Millán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Aquatic Beetles ◽  
Branched Alkanes

Hydrocarbons are the principal component of insect cuticle and play an important role in maintaining water balance. Cuticular impermeability could be an adaptative response to salinity and desiccation in aquatic insects; however, cuticular hydrocarbons have been poorly explored in this group and there are no previous data on saline species. We characterized cuticular hydrocarbons of adults and larvae of two saline aquatic beetles, namely Nebrioporus baeticus (Dytiscidae) and Enochrus jesusarribasi (Hydrophilidae), using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. The CHC profile of adults of both species, characterized by a high abundance of branched alkanes and low of unsaturated alkenes, seems to be more similar to that of some terrestrial beetles (e.g., desert Tenebrionidae) compared with other aquatic Coleoptera (freshwater Dytiscidae). Adults of E. jesusarribasi had longer chain compounds than N. baeticus, in agreement with their higher resistance to salinity and desiccation. The more permeable cuticle of larvae was characterized by a lower diversity in compounds, shorter carbon chain length and a higher proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons compared with that of the adults. These results suggest that osmotic stress on aquatic insects could exert a selection pressure on CHC profile similar to aridity in terrestrial species.

scholarly journals Cuticle hydrocarbons in saline aquatic beetles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Botella-Cruz ◽  
Adrián Villastrigo ◽  
Susana Pallarés ◽  
Elena López-Gallego ◽  
Andrés Millán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Aquatic Beetles ◽  
Branched Alkanes ◽  
Chain Compounds

Hydrocarbons are the principal component of insects cuticle and play an important role in maintaining water balance. Cuticular impermeability could be an adaptative response to salinity and desiccation in aquatic insects; however, cuticular hydrocarbons have been poorly explored in this group and there are no previous data on saline species. We characterized cuticular hydrocarbons of adults and larvae of two saline aquatic beetles, namely Nebrioporus baeticus (Dytiscidae) and Enochrus jesusarribasi (Hydrophilidae), using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer. The CHC profile of adults of both species, characterized by a high abundance of branched alkanes and low of unsaturated alkenes, seems to be more similar to that of some terrestrial beetles (e.g. desert Tenebrionidae) compared with other aquatic Coleoptera (freshwater Dytiscidae). Adults of E. jesusarribasi had longer chain compounds than N. baeticus, in agreement with their higher resistance to salinity and desiccation. The more permeable cuticle of larvae was characterized by a lower diversity in compounds, shorter carbon chain length and a higher proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons compared with that of the adults. These results suggest that osmotic stress on aquatic insects could exert a selection pressure on CHC profile similar to aridity in terrestrial species.

Ionic liquid-biosurfactant blends as effective dispersants for oil spills: Effect of carbon chain length and degree of saturation

2021 ◽  
pp. 117119
Author(s):  
Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah ◽  
Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Masahiro Goto ◽  
Muhammad Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Carbon Chain Length

Synthesis and Interfacial Activity of Alkyl Polyoxypropylene Sulfonate for Chemical Combination Flooding

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
You Yi Zhu ◽  
Zhang Lei Ning ◽  
Qing Feng Hou ◽  
Ming Lei ◽  
Guo Qing Jian
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
Interfacial Activity ◽  
Chemical Combination ◽  
Ultralow Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Formation

A serious of alkyl polyoxypropylene sulfonate surfactant was synthesized. The O/W interfacial activity of alkyl polyoxypropylene sulfonate surfactant was investigated. The results showed that the interfacial tension of Indonesia crude oil/formation water could reach ultralow level (10-3mN/m order of the magnitude) under weak alkali (Na2CO3) concentration from 0.4wt% to 1.0wt% with C16PO8S, C16PO10S, C18PO8S and C18PO10S alkyl polyoxypropylene sulfonate respectively. These surfactants showed good interface activity and salt and divalent cation tolerance ability. Combinations of alkyl polyoxypropylene sulfanate homologies with different carbon chain length could significantly improve the interface activity. The IFT of Indonesia oil/formation water could reach ultralow interfacial tension under alkali free conditions. The combination of alkyl polyoxypropylene sulfonate surfactant with petroleum sulfonate could improve the salt tolerance ability of formula.

Controlling the Secondary Assembly of Porous Anionic Uranyl-organic Polyhedra through Organic Cationic Templates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Zeng ◽  
Kong-qiu Hu ◽  
Zhi-wei Huang ◽  
Lei Mei ◽  
Xianghe Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Organic Templates ◽  
Secondary Assembly

Herein, we report a new uranyl-organic polyhedron U4L4 (L=BTPCA) assembled from uranyl and a semirigid tritopic ligand. By adjusting the carbon chain length of the organic templates, two complexes can...

scholarly journals Cuticular hydrocarbons discriminate cryptic Macrolophus species (Hemiptera: Miridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gemeno ◽  
N. Laserna ◽  
M. Riba ◽  
J. Valls ◽  
C. Castañé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Dark Spot ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Genetic Studies

AbstractMacrolophus pygmaeus is commercially employed in the biological control of greenhouse and field vegetable pests. It is morphologically undistinguishable from the cryptic species M. melanotoma, and this interferes with the evaluation of the biological control activity of M. pygmaeus. We analysed the potential of cuticular hydrocarbon composition as a method to discriminate the two Macrolophus species. A third species, M. costalis, which is different from the other two species by having a dark spot at the tip of the scutellum, served as a control. Sex, diet and species, all had significant effects in the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, but the variability associated to sex or diet was smaller than among species. Discriminant quadratic analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons confirmed the results of previous molecular genetic studies and showed, using cross-validation methods, that M. pygmaeus can be discriminated from M. costalis and M. melanotoma with prediction errors of 6.75% and 0%, respectively. Therefore, cuticular hydrocarbons can be used to separate M. pygmaeus from M. melanotoma reliably.

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