Social Cognition and Visual Perception in Schizophrenia Inpatients Treated with First-and Second-Generation Antipsychotic Drugs

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kucharska-Pietura ◽  
Ann Mortimer ◽  
Aneta Tylec ◽  
Andrzej Czernikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
First And Second Generation

Differential Impairments in Incentive Learning Caused by First‐ and Second‐ Generation Antipsychotic Drugs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Florczynski
Keyword(s):  
Neural Control ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Operant Chamber ◽  
Incentive Learning ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Natural Response ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
First And Second Generation

Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by increased function of dopamine in the brain.  Dopamine release is a natural response to reward.  It promotes incentive learning (IL), a process by which neutral stimuli acquire the ability to elicit approach and other responses.  A recent model characterizes dopamine‐mediated IL as a progressive process with early and late stages accompanied by a shift in neural control from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to the dorsolateral striatum (DLS).  A parallel can be drawn to differences in regionally specific neural responses generated by first‐ and second‐generation antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used to treat schizophrenia.  APDs are dopamine receptor antagonists, but first‐generation APDs affect the NAc and DLS while second‐generation APDs affect primarily the NAc.  We compared the effects of APDs on IL. Rats (N = 48) were trained to press a lever forfood pellets in an operant chamber.  Intraperitoneal injections (1 hr before testing) of the first‐generation APD haloperidol (0,0.05,0.10,0.20 mg/kg) or of the second‐generation APD risperidone (0,0.20,0.40,0.80 mg/kg) induced dose‐dependent suppression of lever pressing on days 1‐4, with the highest dose groups failing to demonstrate any evidence of previous learning on day 5 when tested drug‐free.  On days 16‐20 haloperidol induced a day‐to‐day suppression not seen with risperidone.  The results suggest that the effects of first‐ and second‐generation APDs on learning processes putatively mediated by the NAc and DLS can be differentiated experimentally.  The findings imply that APDs may differentially affect IL inpatients with schizophrenia.  

4.  Differential Impairments in Incentive Learning Caused by First‐ and Second‐ Generation Antipsychotic Drugs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Florczynski
Keyword(s):  
Neural Control ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Operant Chamber ◽  
Incentive Learning ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Natural Response ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
First And Second Generation

Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by increased function of dopamine in the brain.  Dopamine release is a natural response to reward.  It promotes incentive learning (IL), a process by which neutral stimuli acquire the ability to elicit approach and other responses.  A recent model characterizes dopamine‐mediated IL as a progressive process with early and late stages accompanied by a shift in neural control from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to the dorsolateral striatum (DLS).  A parallel can be drawn to differences in regionally specific neural responses generated by first‐ and second‐generation antipsychotic drugs (APDs) used to treat schizophrenia.  APDs are dopamine receptor antagonists, but first‐generation APDs affect the NAc and DLS while second‐generation APDs affect primarily the NAc.  We compared the effects of APDs on IL. Rats (N = 48) were trained to press a lever for food pellets in an operant chamber.  Intraperitoneal injections (1 hr before testing) of the first‐generation APD haloperidol (0,0.05,0.10,0.20 mg/kg) or of the second‐generation APD risperidone (0,0.20,0.40,0.80 mg/kg) induced dose‐dependent suppression of lever pressing on days 1‐4, with the highest dose groups failing to demonstrate any evidence of previous learning on day 5 when tested drug‐free.  On days 16‐20, haloperidol induced a day‐to‐day suppression not seen with risperidone.  The results suggest that the effects of first‐ and second‐generation APDs on learning processes putatively mediated by the NAc and DLS can be differentiated experimentally.  The findings imply that APDs may differentially affect IL inpatients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Prescription patterns of first‐ and second‐generation antipsychotic drugs in the French population

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-611
Author(s):  
Viviane Kovess‐Masfety ◽  
Frédéric Balusson ◽  
Emmanuelle Leray ◽  
Mathilde Husky ◽  
Lucie‐Marie Scailteux
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
French Population ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
First And Second Generation

scholarly journals Comparison of neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by first- and second-generation antipsychotics

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian N. Trollor ◽  
Xiaohua Chen ◽  
Kate Chitty ◽  
Perminder S. Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Extrapyramidal Signs ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
First And Second Generation

BackgroundReports of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) induced by second-generation antipsychotic drugs highlight a propensity for atypical clinical presentations.AimsTo systematically compare the clinical profile of NMS induced by first- (1G-NMS) and second-generation antipsychotic drugs (2G-NMS).MethodThe Australian Adverse Drug Reaction Advisory Committee (ADRAC) database was searched to identify individuals with NMS reported between April 1994 and September 2010. The clinical characteristics of 208 people with NMS induced by monotherapy with first- or second-generation antipsychotic drugs, as well as presenting features of NMS, were compared.ResultsThe individuals with 2G-NMS were younger and more likely to have a psychotic disorder diagnosis. The features of NMS in the two groups were very similar, except that people with 2G-NMS were less likely to present with rigidity or extrapyramidal signs compared with those with 1G-NMS. This difference was due to the lower rates of rigidity in those with clozapine-induced NMS. Mortality was considerably lower for those with 2G-NMS (3.0%) compared with 1G-NMS (16.3%), and the former were more likely to have received supportive treatment.ConclusionsThe clinical profile of 2G-NMS is largely similar to 1G-NMS, with clozapine-induced NMS being differentiated by the relative lack of rigidity as a feature. Mortality is lower for 2G-NMS.

Depression in schizophrenia: Comparison of first- and second-generation antipsychotic drugs

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo C. Mauri ◽  
Donatella Moliterno ◽  
Matteo Rossattini ◽  
Alessandro Colasanti
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic ◽  
First And Second Generation
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