scholarly journals Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS) Gene Mutations in Human Pneumocystosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽  
Dhps Gene

scholarly journals Low Prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) but High Prevalence of Pneumocystis dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) Gene Mutations in HIV-Infected Persons in Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e49991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve M. Taylor ◽  
Steven R. Meshnick ◽  
William Worodria ◽  
Alfred Andama ◽  
Adithya Cattamanchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Dhps Gene ◽  
Low Prevalence

scholarly journals Molecular Basis of In Vivo Resistance to Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in African Adult Patients Infected withPlasmodium falciparum Malaria Parasites

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1811-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo K. Basco ◽  
Rachida Tahar ◽  
Pascal Ringwald
Keyword(s):  
Dihydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Parasite Populations

ABSTRACT In vitro sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine resistance has been associated with point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase domains, respectively, but the in vivo relevance of these point mutations has not been well established. To analyze the correlation between genotype and phenotype, 10 Cameroonian adult patients were treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and followed up for 28 days. After losses to follow-up (n = 1) or elimination of DNA samples due to mixed parasite populations with pyrimethamine-sensitive and pyrimethamine-resistant profiles (n = 3), parasite genomic DNA from day 0 blood samples of six patients were analyzed by DNA sequencing. Three patients who were cured had isolates characterized by a wild-type or mutant dihydrofolate reductase gene (with one or two mutations) and a wild-type dihydropteroate synthase gene. Three other patients who failed to respond to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment carried isolates with triple dihydrofolate reductase gene mutations and either a wild-type or a mutant dihydropteroate synthase gene. Three dihydrofolate reductase gene codons (51, 59, and 108) may be reliable genetic markers that can accurately predict the clinical outcome of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment in Africa.

scholarly journals Dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene mutation study in HIV-Infected Indian patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Bijay Ranjan Mirdha ◽  
Kalpana Luthra ◽  
Randeep Guleria ◽  
Anant Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Staining ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽  
Sulfa Drug ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽  
Methenamine Silver ◽  
Dhps Gene

Introduction: Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene mutations' (55th and 57th codon) association with prior sulfa prophylaxis failure has been reported from both developed and developing countries. We conducted a prospective study to determine the prevalence of P. jirovecii DHPS mutations from 2006 to 2009 on P. jirovecii isolates obtained from HIV-infected patients with a clinical diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) admitted to our tertiary care reference health center in New Delhi, India. Methodology: Detection of P. jirovecii cysts was performed by direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) staining and by Grocott's-Gomori methenamine silver staining (GMS). DNA detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers for the major surface glycoprotein (MSG) gene. P. jirovecii DHPS gene was amplified by nested PCR protocol and sequenced for detecting mutations at the 55th and 57th codons. Results: Out of 147 HIV-positive patients with suspected Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), 16 (10.8%) PCP positive cases were detected. Of 16 cases, nine (56.2%) were positive by DFA staining, four (25%) were positive by Grocott's-Gomori methenamine silver staining, and all 16 were positive by MSG PCR. DHPS mutations at the 55th and 57th codons were observed in 6.2% of HIV patients studied, which was relatively low compared to reports from developed nations. Conclusions:  Prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii DHPS mutations associated with cotrimoxazole treatment failure may be low in the Indian subpopulation of HIV-positive patients and warrants larger studies to elucidate the true picture of Pneumocystis jirovecii sulfa drug resistance in India.

Dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations in Pneumocystis jiroveci strains isolated from immunocompromised patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Jarboui ◽  
A. Sellami ◽  
H. Sellami ◽  
F. Cheikhrouhou ◽  
F. Makni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase

Severity and outcome of HIV-associated Pneumocystis pneumonia containing Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations

AIDS ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Crothers ◽  
Charles B Beard ◽  
Joan Turner ◽  
Gena Groner ◽  
Melissa Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase

Low-Dose Treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Combinations Selects for Drug-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Strains

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 2205-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen F. J. Kun ◽  
Leopold G. Lehman ◽  
Bertrand Lell ◽  
Ruprecht Schmidt-Ott ◽  
Peter G. Kremsner
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Dhfr Gene ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Dhps Gene ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT A total of 252 children were enrolled in a drug trial to assess the effect of minimal doses of sulfadoxine (Sdx) and pyrimethamine (Pyr). Parasite samples isolated from these patients were analyzed before and after treatment to investigate the level of drug-resistant strains. The parasite genes encoding dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) were assayed for point mutations that are associated with resistance against drugs. Before treatment, Pyrr genotypes of the DHFR gene were found in 42% of all samples, 8% of the patients harbored a mixed parasite population and 50% had a sensitive DHFR genotype. In terms of the DHPS gene, we found mutations in 45% of the parasites. Twenty-four percent had a Ser436 mutation, and 26% had a Gly437mutation. Recrudescent parasites were highly enriched for both Pyrr and Sdxr strains after treatment (P < 0.001 and P = 0.029, respectively).

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