Promoting Genetic Diversity in the Production of Large Quantities of Native Plant Seed

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Burton ◽  
C. M. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Seed

Genetic Divergence among Populations of Invasive Alien Species Lantana camara L. from Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
SAILA KABIR ◽  
MD ABUL KASHEM ◽  
MOHAMMAD ZABED HOSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Genetic Clustering

Lantana camara L., a well-known invasive alien species causing invasion and posing threat to native plant species community in different regions of Bangladesh. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of L. camara populations in different regions of Bangladesh. Eight RAPD markers were used in order to probe into its genetic variability. Total number of bands (202), polymorphic loci (104), per-centage of polymorphism (97.20%), average Shanon’s information index (0.3051±0.115), Nei’s gene diversity (0.4733±0.144) was found and in different populations and multiple divergent genetic clustering along with presence of unique alleles (4) for RAPD revealed high genetic diversity among the populations of L. camara in different regions of Bangladesh.

Germination of Australian Native Plant Seed

Taxon ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 932
Author(s):  
R. S. Cowan ◽  
Peter J. Langkamp
Keyword(s):  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Australian Native Plant

scholarly journals Studies on Genetic Diversity in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using D2 Statistics

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Jakkam Mahipal Reddy ◽  
Gabrial M. Lal ◽  
Velugoti Priyanka Reddy ◽  
Subhadra Pattanayak ◽  
V. Rohith Guptha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Superior Genotypes

A trail was conducted during rabi 2020 to study genetic diversity among 36 favorable genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with help of Mahalanobis D2 statistics. On the basis of D2 values, 36 genotypes were arranged into 5 clusters. The intra cluster distances were lower than inter-cluster distances, specifying that genotypes comprised within a cluster shows tendency to vary less apart from each other. Out of thirteen characteristics considered, secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, harvest index and plant height, contributed very much in relation to genetic divergence. Wide range of variability was noticed for quantitative traits. This suggested that the selection based on these characteristics would be valuable in improving the grain yield. Therefore, a direct selection based on seed yield and component traits may be practiced to choose superior genotypes which could be utilized in breeding program for the development of high yielding chickpea genotypes.

scholarly journals (306) Growing Native Plants from Seed in Public Workshops

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060C-1060
Author(s):  
Margaret Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Seed Propagation

Five Utah Native Plant Propagation workshops during Mar. 2005 supplied 100 participants with specialized containers and potting mix, native plant seed, resource booklet, lecture, and instructor supervision during the hands-on workshop portion. Forty-three participants responded to a Sept. 2005 follow-up survey. Seedling survival averaged 6.4 seedlings per tray of 72 cells, or 8.8%. Only 36% of the participants used the resource booklet after the workshop. Most survey respondents did not cite particular reasons for seedling failure. Seed propagation workshops are challenging due to: 1) wide variance in participants' horticultural experience; 2) limited materials and resources; and 3) inherent inconsistencies in native plant seed viability. Before attending future seed propagation workshops, registrants will receive seedling cultivation information to improve success rates.

Genetics of reintroduced populations of the narrowly endemic thistle, Cirsium pitcheri (Asteraceae)

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremie B. Fant ◽  
Andrea Kramer ◽  
Eileen Sirkin ◽  
Kayri Havens
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Population Sizes

The aim of any reintroduction is to provide sufficient genetic variability to buffer against changing selection pressures and ensure long-term survival. To date, few empirical studies have compared levels of genetic diversity in reintroduced and native plant populations. Using microsatellite markers, we measured the genetic diversity within reintroduced and native populations of the threatened Cirsium pitcher (Eaton) Torrey and Gray. We found that the use of local mixed source was successful in establishing populations with significantly higher genetic diversity (P < 0.005) than the native populations (allelic richness is 3.39 in reintroduced and 1.84 in native populations). However, the reintroduced populations had significantly higher inbreeding coefficients (P < 0.002) (FIS is 0.405 and 0.213 in reintroduced and in native populations, respectively), despite having multiple genetic founders, population sizes equivalent to native populations and a positive growth rate. These results may be due to inbreeding or the Wahlund effect, driven by genetic substructuring. This suggests that the small population size of these reintroduced populations may lead to genetic issues in the future, given the low number of flowering individuals each year. This highlights the importance of considering not only the number of source individuals but the effective population size of the reintroduction.

scholarly journals Metabolomics of Myrcia bella Populations in Brazilian Savanna Reveals Strong Influence of Environmental Factors on Its Specialized Metabolism

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2954
Author(s):  
Luiz Leonardo Saldanha ◽  
Pierre-Marie Allard ◽  
Adlin Afzan ◽  
Fernanda Pereira de Souza Rosa de Melo ◽  
Laurence Marcourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Brazilian Savanna ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Specialized Metabolism ◽  
Temperature Radiation ◽  
The Impact

Environmental conditions influence specialized plant metabolism. However, many studies aiming to understand these modulations have been conducted with model plants and/or under controlled conditions, thus not reflecting the complex interaction between plants and environment. To fully grasp these interactions, we investigated the specialized metabolism and genetic diversity of a native plant in its natural environment. We chose Myrcia bella due to its medicinal interest and occurrence in Brazilian savanna regions with diverse climate and soil conditions. An LC-HRMS-based metabolomics approach was applied to analyze 271 samples harvested across seven regions during the dry and rainy season. Genetic diversity was assessed in a subset of 40 samples using amplified fragment length polymorphism. Meteorological factors including rainfall, temperature, radiation, humidity, and soil nutrient and mineral composition were recorded in each region and correlated with chemical variation through multivariate analysis (MVDA). Marker compounds were selected using a statistically informed molecular network and annotated by dereplication against an in silico database of natural products. The integrated results evidenced different chemotypes, with variation in flavonoid and tannin content mainly linked to soil conditions. Different levels of genetic diversity and distance of populations were found to be correlated with the identified chemotypes. These observations and the proposed analytical workflow contribute to the global understanding of the impact of abiotic factors and genotype on the accumulation of given metabolites and, therefore, could be valuable to guide further medicinal exploration of native species.

Plant Community Effects and Genetic Diversity of Post-fire Princess Tree (Paulownia tomentosa) Invasions

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Lovenshimer ◽  
Michael D. Madritch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Tree Invasions ◽  
Community Shift ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Invasive Tree

Many naturalized populations of the invasive tree princess tree exist in North America, yet little research has quantified its effect on native plant communities. A series of recent wildfires in the Linville Gorge Wilderness Area (LGWA) promoted multiple large-scale princess tree invasions in this ecologically important area. To measure community shifts caused by these princess tree invasions across burn areas, we sampled vegetation in paired invaded and noninvaded plots in mature and immature invasions within two burn areas of the LGWA. Plant community composition shifted in response to princess tree invasion across all invasion stages and burn areas. Species richness and Shannon diversity values decreased in invaded plots. Overall community structure also differed in invaded plots within immature invasions (P=0.004). The distribution of princess tree age classes in both burn areas indicates that fire promotes invasion but is not necessary for subsequent recruitment. Additionally, preliminary genetic analyses among distinct princess tree populations revealed very low genetic diversity, suggesting that a single introduction may have occurred in the LGWA. This information regarding community shift and strong post-fire recruitment by princess tree may inform management decisions by prioritizing princess tree control immediately after wildfires and immediately before and after prescribed burns.

scholarly journals Trends in the Western Native Plant Seed Industry since 1990

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Dunne ◽  
C. G. Dunne
Keyword(s):  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Seed Industry

scholarly journals Seleksi Satu Tongkol Satu Baris (Ear to Row Selection) pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

Rekayasa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Achmad Amzeri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Plants

<p>Seleksi satu tongkol satu baris merupakan modifikasi seleksi massa yang merupakan salah satu metode seleksi yang dapat meningkatkan produksi dan karakter lain pada tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji 20 genotip hasil seleksi tongkol pada tahun pertama. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan dan Laboratorium Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura pada bulan Januari 2018 - April 2018.  Genotip yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 genotip jagung hasil seleksi   tanaman (tongkol) pada tahun pertama, yaitu : G<sub>1</sub>, G<sub>2</sub>, G<sub>3</sub>, G<sub>4</sub>, G<sub>5</sub>, G<sub>6</sub>, G<sub>7</sub>, G<sub>8</sub>, G<sub>9</sub>, G<sub>10</sub>, G<sub>11</sub>, G<sub>12</sub>, G<sub>13</sub>, G<sub>14</sub>, G<sub>15</sub>, G<sub>16</sub>, G<sub>17</sub>, G<sub>18</sub>, G<sub>19</sub> dan G<sub>20</sub>.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Uji F digunakan untuk menganalisis pengaruh genotip, apabila hasilnya signifikan maka dilakukan  uji lanjut menggunakan Uji BNJ pada taraf 5%.  Heritabilitas digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh genetik dan lingkungan pada karakter tanaman jagung.  Koefesien keragaman genetik dan fenotip untuk menghitung keragaman genetik karakter tanaman jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua puluh genotip yang diuji memiliki perbedaan penampilan yang nyata pada karakter  diameter tongkol, diameter jenggel, berat tongkol per tanaman, berat biji per tanaman, berat 100 biji dan produksi per hektar.  Nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas 20 genotip yang diuji berkisar antara 8,935 sampai 96,43%.  Karakter tinggi letak tongkol, karakter diameter jenggel, berat tongkol per tanaman, Berat biji per tanaman, berat 100 biji dan produksi per hektar memiliki keragaman genetik sedang.  Dihasilkan 9 genotip yang digunakan sebagai bahan untuk program seleksi berikutnya yaitu G<sub>8</sub>, G<sub>11</sub>, G<sub>12</sub>, G<sub>13</sub>, G<sub>15</sub>, G<sub>17</sub>, G<sub>18</sub>, G<sub>19</sub>  dan G<sub>20</sub> karena memiliki produksi per hektar terbaik.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>EAR TO ROW SELECTION IN MAIZE PLANT (<em>Zea mays</em> L.)</strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong> </strong>Ear to row selection is a modification of mass selection which is one of the selection methods that can increase production and other characters in plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate 20 genotypes of cob selection results in the first year. This research was conducted at the experimental station Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University Trunojoyo of Madura, from January to April 2018.  The Genotypes used, were: G<sub>1</sub>, G<sub>2</sub>, G<sub>3</sub>, G<sub>4</sub>, G<sub>5</sub>, G<sub>6</sub>, G<sub>7</sub>, G<sub>8</sub>, G<sub>9</sub>, G<sub>10</sub>, G<sub>11</sub>, G<sub>12</sub>, G<sub>13</sub>, G<sub>14</sub>, G<sub>15</sub>, G<sub>16</sub>, G<sub>17</sub>, G<sub>18</sub>, G<sub>19</sub> dan G<sub>20</sub>. <em>The design of this research was a randomized block design with three replications. Data were analyzed with F-test then continued with HSD test (α=5%). </em> Heritability is used to measure genetic and environmental influences on the characteristics of maize plants.  Coefficient of Genetic diversity and phenotype to calculate the genetic diversity of the characteristics of maize plants.  The results showed that 20 genotypes tested had significant differences in appearance on the character of cob diameter, beard diameter, cob weight per plant, seed weight per plant, the weight of 100 seeds and production per hectare. Heritability values in the broad sense of 20 genotypes tested ranged from 8,935 to 96.43%. The character of cob position height, beard diameter character, cob weight per plant, Seed weight per plant, the weight of 100 seeds and production per hectare have medium genetic diversity. Obtained 9 genotypes were used as materials for the next selection program, namely G8, G11, G12, G13, G15, G17, G18, G19, and G20 because they had the best production per hectare.</p><p>Keyword: Ear to row selection, a maize plant, heritability, coefficient of genetic diversity</p>

scholarly journals Ecological Genetics of Plant Invasion: What Do We Know?

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Ward ◽  
John F. Gaskin ◽  
Linda M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Plant Invasion ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Species Invasions

AbstractThe rate at which plant invasions occur is accelerating globally, and a growing amount of recent research uses genetic analysis of invasive plant populations to better understand the histories, processes, and effects of plant invasions. The goal of this review is to provide natural resource managers with an introduction to this research. We discuss examples selected from published studies that examine intraspecific genetic diversity and the role of hybridization in plant invasion. We also consider the conflicting evidence that has emerged from recent research for the evolution of increased competitiveness as an explanation for invasion, and the significance of multiple genetic characteristics and patterns of genetic diversity reported in the literature across different species invasions. High and low levels of genetic diversity have been found in different invading plant populations, suggesting that either selection leading to local adaptation, or pre-adapted characteristics such as phenotypic plasticity, can lead to aggressive range expansion by colonizing nonnative species. As molecular techniques for detecting hybrids advance, it is also becoming clear that hybridization is a significant component of some plant invasions, with consequences that include increased genetic diversity within an invasive species, generation of successful novel genotypes, and genetic swamping of native plant gene pools. Genetic analysis of invasive plant populations has many applications, including predicting population response to biological or chemical control measures based on diversity levels, identifying source populations, tracking introduction routes, and elucidating mechanisms of local spread and adaptation. This information can be invaluable in developing more effectively targeted strategies for managing existing plant invasions and preventing new ones. Future genetic research, including the use of high throughput molecular marker systems and genomic approaches such as microarray analysis, has the potential to contribute to better understanding and more effective management of plant invasions.

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