The Efficient Organisation of Public Intellect: Lyon Playfair and Scottish Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-290
Author(s):  
Robert Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
National System ◽  
Modern Idea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parish Schools ◽  
Education Act ◽  
Scottish Politics

Lyon Playfair was a champion of scientific and technical education who was professor of chemistry at Edinburgh University before serving as a Liberal M.P., initially for a Scottish university seat, from 1868 to 1892. This article looks mainly at his role in debates on the Education Act of 1872 and the bills which preceded it. Playfair sought to define the democratic traditions of Scottish education, especially emphasising the legacy of John Knox, and to adapt them to the new national system. He idealised the direct connection between parish schools and universities, and the opportunities available to talented boys, using newly available statistics to support his case. He also contributed to the shaping of Scottish secondary education, and to establishing the modern idea of social mobility through educational merit. When the Scottish Office was established in 1885, Playfair opposed the devolution of education and this dissent led him to move to an English seat. His career has a wider interest for the history of Scottish politics in the age of Gladstone.

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act at Fifty: A Changing Federal Role in American Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
Vice President ◽  
State University ◽  
Elementary And Secondary Education ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Penn State ◽  
American Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education Act

For this first History of Education Quarterly Policy Forum, we invited participants in the special Plenary Session at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the History of Education Society (HES) in St Louis to publish their remarks on the historical significance of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) at fifty. Organized and introduced by HES vice-president and program chair Adam R. Nelson, the session consisted of presentations by three expert panelists from the fields of History and African American Studies, American Law and Politics, and Political Science and Public Policy: Crystal Sanders of Penn State University, Doug Reed of Georgetown University, and Susan Moffitt of Brawn University, respectively. What follows are the texts of Adam Nelson's introductory remarks—including his introduction of the three panelists—followed by the panelists' remarks.

Female Transsexualism in Singapore: A Report on 20 Cases

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wing Foo Tsoi ◽  
Lee Peng Kok
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexual Reassignment Surgery ◽  
Change Operation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Dressing ◽  
Female Transsexualism

Twenty female transsexuals were assessed for sexual reassignment surgery in Singapore. This gives a prevalence of 1 in 36,000 for females aged 15 and above. The age ranged from 18 to 31 with the mean at 24.9 years. Fifteen had received secondary education and 19 were employed. There was no history of serious anti-social behaviour. They were closer to their mothers, some of whom encouraged their cross dressing behaviour during childhood. Eighteen started to develop the transsexual syndrome during childhood. Their behaviour became more masculine as they grew older. All were unmarried. Eighteen had girl friends and 10 indulged in sexual activities with their girl friends. They sought the sex change operation because they wanted to live as males so that they could marry their girl friends. Eight are at present under-going the multi-stage operation.

scholarly journals Las reformas históricas de la enseñanza secundaria en España

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Ruiz Berrio
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
School System ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
European Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Spain

The history of secondary education in Spain has many points in common with developments in other European countries, although with differences in time and rhythms. The author highlights the most important reforms of secondary education in contemporary Spain and argues that the understanding of reform does not necesssarily imply innovation or an improvement of teaching and learning. The author makes the case that the proposed changes in secondary education were not effective because they were framed by the Napoleonic model that characterized the entire school system. Furthermore, in most cases the new plans give priority to instruction over education which resulted in a poor formation of young people.

scholarly journals Secondary education in transition in Nigeria: The question of quality

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
R. A. Alani
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
School Curricula

The paper traced the history of the development of secondary education in Nigeria since its inception in J859. The paper noted the emphasis on traditional art and science subjects in the past and the innovations that have been brought into the secondary school curricula by the National Policy 011 Education published in 1977, but revised in J981 and J998. The problems of implementing the curricula were briefly mentioned. The paper finally highlighted steps that could be taken to improve the quality of secondary education, such as provision of physical and material resources, adequate financing of education, teacher training and development, improvement of the conditions of service for teachers and supervision of instruction, among others.

scholarly journals The role of secondary school in the training of women skilled personnel of Katerynoslav province in the II half of the XIX – early XX centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
В. А. Добровольська
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

The point of this study is to cover the issue of history of women’s secondary education in Katerynoslavprovince in the 2nd half of the XIX – early XX centuries. Patriarchal judgments and views on the women’srole have been characteristic of the society of the Russian Empire for centuries. It has been found out thatthe democratic reforms of the 60-70s of the XIX century marked the beginning of the changes towardswomanhood. The historical premises for the formation of the women’s education system are covered. Itis established that the creation of women’s educational institutions of all classes in terms of legislativeframework begins in the 1950’s. Women’s educational institutions were subordinate to different institutionsand had different organizational and educational backgrounds. Thus, the Ministry of Public Education hadthe most rights and opportunities in the sphere of education. In addition to state schools, there were privateand public schools. It is established that the new system of educational sector management is claimed asstate-public. The main types of general secondary schools in Katerynoslav province in the II half of theXIX – early XX centuries were gymnasiums, progymnasiums, parochial secondary school for girls. Thefeatures of the financial situation of the gymnasiums on the example of certain educational institutions arerevealed. Thus, a large number of women’s gymnasiums and progymnasiums and their popularity withthe population were directly related to the rapid economic development of the region and the vigorousactivity of local self-government bodies. The content of education of those secondary schools is defined.The popularity of gymnasiums with the population comes from their class-inclusive nature. The range ofwomen’s gymnasiums in the early XX century is distinguished on grounds of division into classes andreligion. Education for daughters of clergymen was of a limited nature compared to the gymnasiums. As aresult, women’s religious secondary education evolved less dynamically. It is established that the religiousaffairs authority opened professional secondary educational institutions – parochial secondary school forgirls – primarily for the daughters of clergymen. There was only one such school in Katerynoslav province– in the principal town of the province. The content of the education of parochial secondary school forgirls is described. The proportion of disciplines of the humanities and mathematical and natural sciences iscompared. The article states that the end of the XIX - early XX centuries was marked by the decline in thesystem of parochial secondary school for girls, and defines the content of the reforms of the religious affairsauthority. The sources of funding of Katerynoslav parochial secondary school for girls and gymnasiums arecompared. The role of parochial secondary school for girls in the problem of providing public school withteachers is figured out.

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