Why Leonard Bast Had To Be Killed

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-396
Author(s):  
Benjamin Poore
Keyword(s):  
Social Power ◽  
Aesthetic Education ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Howards End ◽  
Aesthetic Form ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The misfortunes of the clerk Leonard Bast in E. M. Forster's Howards End have frequently been read as a symptom of modernism's disdain for the lower-middle classes and their aspirations for cultural education. But Howards End is better seen as an extended meditation on the relationship of art and labour, and a criticism of the aesthetic education that Bast receives from the wealthy Schlegel sisters. Using Jacques Rancière's idea that aesthetic form and social power alike distribute speaking and non-speaking roles, the article discerns in the foreclosure of Bast's life and experiences an educational and aesthetic failure which Forster's bourgeois narrator is too keen to reproduce. By offering the possibility of resisting its own narrator, Howards End opens up another form of modernist pedagogy which does not create the pupil in the image of the teacher.

scholarly journals [DESIGN INDEPENDENCE A COMPLEMENTARY PRINCIPLE IN THE DESIGN OF INTERIOR SPACES OF MALAYSIAN MOSQUE CASE STUDY] الاستقلالية التصميمية مبدأ تكميلي في تصاميم الفضاءات الداخلية للمساجد الماليزية دراسة حالة

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-125
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jarallah Tewfik ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Yahya Al-Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Design System ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Design Creativity ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The interior design of Malaysian Islamic mosques is a vivid example of further innovation and innovation based on design creativity in design relationships.As a result of the interaction of this level, the design process shows a clear independence as a result of the interaction of the subjective capabilities factor of the interior designer based on the study of the specificity of the objective capabilities that govern the processes of drafting innovative decorative arts.Therefore, it was necessary to study this issue by identifying the research problem, which is summarized by: showing the features of design independence as a complementary principle in the designs of the interior spaces of Malaysian mosques,While the aim of the research focuses on identifying the features of design independence that are adopted as a complementary principle in the designs of the interior spaces of Malaysian mosques,While the importance of research is evident in presenting a clear picture of the concept of design independence, as it represents the theoretical base that can be used in practical application in designs of interior spaces for the chapel of the Malaysian Islamic mosques,The research study also includes both (research limits, theoretical framework, as well as research procedures based on the descriptive analytical approach (content analysis - case study)) leading to the results of the research study, which was among the most important: 1- Design configurations of all kinds and design configurations emerged within the designs of the internal determinants, based on the study of the interior designer, to the aesthetic independence of the division of space and size as a complementary principle within the internal determinants of the mosque of the two mosques. 2- The relationship of the principle of the independence of convergence as a complementary principle contributed to determining the distances between shapes, which can be perceived as a unified whole, through the distribution of units and shapes within a consecutive visual design system. While the most important recommendations emerged through the necessity of studying the choice of levels of internal determinants of the chapel of the Malaysian Islamic mosques.With the demonstration of the expressive characteristic of civilization development through design recruitment of appropriate vocabulary and design units with a careful selection of modern materials and materials in line with the innovative design path to achieve the requirements of design independence within the chapel of the Malaysian Islamic mosques.

A divided city

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-184
Author(s):  
Alice Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Roman Catholics

Belfast’s middle classes lived in a divided city. Politically, Belfast was divided for the period under review into Conservative and Liberal camps. Religious divisions existed between Protestants and Roman Catholics, and within Protestantism itself. Society was also separated into different classes, with the middle classes positioned above the working classes and below the aristocracy. Political, religious and class tensions existed in every industrial city, of course. However, in Belfast, religious division assumed a particularly ugly and bitter hue. This chapter focuses on an elite living in a society divided along lines of both class and religion. The relationship of Belfast’s elite to the city’s working classes and the local aristocracy is explored; while a discussion of Belfast’s middle-class Roman Catholic community assesses the extent to which it was integrated into the city’s elite. The chapter also examines the relationship between the middle classes and the city’s growing sectarianism.

From John Stuart Mill to the Medical Humanities

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-95
Author(s):  
Brittany Pladek
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Samuel Taylor Coleridge ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
New Criticism ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
Health Humanities ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter traces therapeutic holism from German Romanticism through Victorian proponents of cultural education, represented by John Stuart Mill, down to its contemporary manifestation in the work of major literary health humanists like Rita Charon, Cheryl Mattingly, and Kathryn Montgomery Hunter. It also explains the relationship of therapeutic holism to its sibling discourses, New Criticism and Millian liberalism. The former’s holistic, unified work of art parallels the latter’s proper citizen—a whole person whose wholeness is created and restored by cultural education. These linked discourses helped secure therapeutic holism’s place in interdisciplinary conversations about why medicine needs literature. The final section of the chapter critiques therapeutic holism and explains why palliative poetics offer a necessary corrective, using the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge to illustrate the heterogeneity of Romantic literary therapies. It also surveys complementary recent work within the health humanities. Health humanists working in fields like nursing, chronic pain, and palliative care have begun to develop palliative poetics that do not expect literature to cure.

Endoscopic Brow Lift Without Muscle Resection: Objective and Subjective Changes in Intereyebrow Width

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Brian A. Hollabaugh ◽  
Jon Perenack ◽  
Brian J. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
P Value ◽  
Brow Lift ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Endoscopic Brow Lift ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pearson Correlations

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the objective and subjective changes in medial intereyebrow distance following endoscopic brow lift without corrugator resection. The authors designed a retrospective cohort study. The eligible patients included those receiving endoscopic brow lifts at Williamson Cosmetic Center in Baton Rouge, LA between June 1, 2014 and March 31, 2018. The primary outcome variable was the distance between the left and right medial brow. The secondary outcome variables were nonsurgeon evaluator’s perception of the change in intereyebrow distance and the aesthetics of the intereyebrow region. The relationship of the outcome variables to the primary predictor (time point—preoperative and postoperative) was analyzed using paired sample t-tests. The relationship of the outcome variables to the other predictors was analyzed using Pearson correlations. A P-value of less than .05 was considered significant. A total of 41 patients were included in the study. The average age was 55.3 ± 8.5 years and all patients were women. The average time from surgery to postoperative photos was 6.2 ± 3.2 (range: 3-15) months. The average preoperative intereyebrow width was 31.5 mm, and the average postoperative width was 33.1 mm ( P < .0001). Correct perception of the intereyebrow change was found to be positively correlated with increasing patient age ( P = .047) and increasing change in intereyebrow width ( P = .008). The intereyebrow distance was perceived as aesthetic for 73.4% ± 31.0% of preoperative patients and 76.1% ± 27.6% of postoperative patients ( P = .346). Patients with a preoperative intereyebrow distance perceived as aesthetic are very likely to be perceived as aesthetic postoperatively (correlation coefficient 0.817, P-value < .0001). Following endoscopic brow lift without corrugator muscle resection, there is a small, but statistically significant increase in the intereyebrow distance. However, this change was not associated with negative perception of the aesthetic appearance of the intereyebrow region.

Political Power and Bargaining Theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-82
Author(s):  
Keith Dowding
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Power Index ◽  
Bargaining Model ◽  
Bargaining Theory ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Study Power ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

The chapter opens with some distinctions made in the study of power and semi-formally defines ‘outcome’ and ‘social’ or ‘power to’ and ‘power over’ showing the latter is a subset of the former. It argues both are legitimate ways of examining power. It argues that whilst ‘social power’ is often our concern, especially when discussing issues of freedom, domination and inequality we need to start by considering outcome power. Understanding why people can fail in their aims even when others are not acting against them – failure in their outcome power – is necessary for to understand the scope of social power. The chapter then examines the relationship between outcome power and freedom and discussesMorriss’s distinction between ability and ableness. Power is a dispositional concept and the ability that people have need to be distinguished from their exercise of their powers. It argues that if we only look at abilities we could eliminate the term power from our language since all we would need to is to look at their capacities or resources, but we also need to examine the way that agents change others incentives to act. The chapter introduces the formal aspects of the power index approach and through that discussion distinguishes power and luck. It then introduces bargaining power, formally distinguishes threats and offers and explains Harsanyi’s bargaining model of power and the extra element of reputation. It then discusses the relationship of luck and group power introducing the notion of systematic luck. It then concludes by discussing how we can study power in society.

Dance, Politics & Co-Immunity

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Richard Giersdorf
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dance Studies ◽  
Community Dance ◽  
Theatre Studies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Dance, Politics & Co-Immunity developed out of a symposium organized by the Master in Choreography and Performance at the Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany, which was held with a joint symposium Thinking—Resisting—Reading the Political organized by the Graduate Center for the Study of Culture at the same university in 2010. Whereas the cultural studies symposium asked, “What specific perspectives and methodological consequences arise for the study of culture that are informed by recent deliberations on the relationship of the political and the aesthetic?” (2010), the dance symposium invited participants and contributors to the anthology “to think about the multiple connections between politics, community, dance, and globalization from the perspective of Dance and Theatre Studies, History, Philosophy, and Sociology” (13). As indicated by the title of the cultural studies symposium and some of the key speakers, including Jacques Rancière, Chantal Mouffe, and Judith Butler, the term political is not used as broadly as it might be used in U.S.-based dance studies discourse. Rather, the political is predominantly investigated by both symposia for its resistive potential and from a liberal or post-Marxist stance.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Dramatic Form ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophical Questions ◽  
Insight Into

This introductory chapter presents the literary writings of Simone de Beauvoir (1908–86), the renowned French existentialist author of The Second Sex. Such insight into her own thought is often provided by Beauvoir's prefaces to works by other authors. For instance, Beauvoir's 1964 “Preface” to La Bâtarde has been described as more reflective of her philosophy than of author Violet Leduc's life. Beauvoir's confrontation with her critics is another source of drama in this study. A criticism that spans the decades of these texts is the charge that an existential novel, with its focus on action and philosophical questions, forsakes the aesthetic function of literature. Yet, for Beauvoir, the true mission of the writer is to describe in dramatic form the relationship of the individual to the world in which he stakes his freedom.

Psychopathology, Inner Space and the Automotive Death Drive: J.G. Ballard

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Sey
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Aesthetic Form ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aesthetic Expression

This paper uses a detailed reading of the 1973 novel Crash!, a work of dystopian science fiction by British author J.G. Ballard, to outline a new theory of psychopathology in a thoroughly technologised culture. The paper proposes that, in the light of the evidence of the novel, it may be possible to reconceptualise both trauma and the somatic relationship to pathology, through the mediation of a saturated technoculture, at least in the sense of a closer investigation of the relationship between perversity and aesthetic expression. The argument concludes that there is a privileged relationship between such extreme forms of pathological symptom as are presented in the novel, and the aesthetic form itself, which leads to a more productive understanding of psychopathology.

Between Text and Cultural Performance: Staging Greek Tragedies in Germany

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Erika Fischer-Lichte
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Aesthetic Education ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Cultural Performance ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
The Aesthetic

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, a consensus existed among the German educated middle classes that Greek culture represented an ideal and that Greek fine arts and literature were to be regarded as the epitome of perfection. From Schiller's Briefe über die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen (Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Man) to Hegel's Lectures on Aesthetics, the message was the same: Greek culture was unique in that it allowed and encouraged its members to develop their potential to the full so that any individual was able to represent the human species as a whole. The model it provided was, however, inimitable and its standards unattainable, but both were invaluable as objects of careful study. Thus, it is small wonder that all surviving tragedies by Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides were translated into German, some even several times over. Despite this, they were never staged during the eighteenth century.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Concept - Choreography of Piso Surit Dance in Karo Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
Dilinar Adlin
Keyword(s):  
Folk Song ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Dance Movements ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Piso Surit dance in Karo community has distinctive characteristics in its movement techniques, floor patterns, environmental ethical norms, and symbolic-philosophical images. All of these characteristics grow and develop in line with aspects of the living environment that have been integrated in each form of art. This study aims to explain: 1) the basis and rules of Piso Surit dance; and 2) the concept of  Piso Surit dance choreography. This study uses a choreographic-anthropological approach, which is to analyze the relationship of dance motion with the aesthetic choreographic concept of Piso Surit dance and Karo community's mindset. Observation, documentation, and interview techniques are used to collect data and then the triangulation data analysis process is carried out to obtain the credibility of the data. The results showed that the rules for the use and application of motive motives fall into two categories, namely for male dancers and female dancers. The application of the prevailing floor pattern is dealing with their partners, side by side, and encircling each other. The rules for the use and application of accompaniment patterns intend to create a unified nature that is subtle, gentle, and harmonious. In the concept of choreography, Piso Surit's dance movements are broken down into nine (9) sections. The movements use techniques such as: a) tiptoeing, b) rotating movements, c) stopping fingers, and d) up and down movements. The music used as accompaniment in the Piso Surit dance is a folk song in Karo area with the same title. This dance uses 'beautiful' make-up to emphasize the dancer's facial lines in a dance performance, while the fashion is a dress code as used by Karo community. As a pair dance, the floor pattern applied is to show or emphasize the story of how young Karo young people combine love.

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