scholarly journals Frames, polarity and causation

Corpora ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Ruppenhofer ◽  
Laura A. Michaelis
Keyword(s):  
Time Span ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
Scalar Model ◽  
Frame Semantics ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Semantic Classes ◽  
Negative Context ◽  
Polarity Sensitive ◽  
Comparative Adjectives

A polarity-sensitive item (PSI), as traditionally defined, is an expression that is restricted to either an affirmative or negative context. PSIs like ‘lift a finger’ and ‘all the time in the world’ sub-serve discourse routines like understatement and emphasis. Lexical–semantic classes are increasingly invoked in descriptions of the properties of PSIs. Here, we use English corpus data and the tools of Frame Semantics ( Fillmore, 1982 , 1985 ) to explore Israel's (2011) observation that the semantic role of a PSI determines how the expression fits into a contextually constructed scalar model. We focus on a class of exceptions implied by Israel's model: cases in which a given PSI displays two countervailing patterns of polarity sensitivity, with attendant differences in scalar entailments. We offer a set of case studies of polarity-sensitive expressions – including verbs of attraction and aversion like ‘can live without’, monetary units like ‘a red cent’, comparative adjectives and time-span adverbials – that demonstrate that the interpretation of a given PSI in a given polar context is based on multiple factors. These factors include the speaker's perspective on and affective stance towards the described event, available inferences about causality and, perhaps most critically, particulars of the predication, including the verb or adjective's frame membership, the presence or absence of an ability modal like can, the grammatical construction used and the range of contingencies evoked by the utterance.

Exploring the Mechanism of Lingzhu San in Treating Febrile Seizures by Using Network Pharmacology

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Xiao-Fei Zhang ◽  
Dong-Yan Guo ◽  
Yan-Jun Yang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Potential Core ◽  
R Language ◽  
The Core ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanism

Objective: Lingzhu San (LZS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription which can be effective in treating febrile seizures (FS) and has few researches on the mechanisms. In order to better guide the clinical use of LZS, we used the research ideas and methods of network pharmacology to find the potential core compounds, targets and pathways of LZS in the complex TCM system for the treatment of FS, and predict the mechanism. Materials and Methods: Databases such as BATMAN, TCMSP, TCMID, and SWISS TARGET are used to mine the active compounds and targets of LZS, and the target information of FS was obtained through GENECARDS and OMIM. Using Venny2.1.0 and Cytoscape software to locked the potential core compounds and targets of FS. The R language and ClusterProfiler software package were adopt to enrich and analyze the KEGG and GO pathways of the core targets and the biological processes and potential mechanisms of the core targets were revealed. Results: 187 active compounds and 2113 target proteins of LZS were collected. And 38 potential core compounds, 35 core targets and 775 metabolic and functional pathways were screened which involved in mediating FS. Finally, the role of the core compounds, targets and pivotal pathways of LZS regulated FS in the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanism of FS was discussed and clarified. Conclusions: In this paper, the multi-compounds, multi-targets and multi-pathways mechanism of LZS in the treatment of FS was preliminarily revealed through the analysis of network pharmacology data, which is consistent with the principle of multi-compounds compatibility of TCM prescriptions and unified treatment of diseases from multiple angles, and it provides a new way for TCM to treat complex diseases caused by multiple factors.

Uzbek re-modeled

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-333
Author(s):  
Lydia Catedral
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Planning ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Classes ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between Russian language use and language planning in the context of newly independent, post-soviet Uzbekistan (1991–1992). It is guided by the question: In what ways does the use of Russian loanwords in Uzbek language newspapers accomplish language planning in newly independent Uzbekistan? The main finding from this analysis is that post-independence use of Russian loanwords from particular semantic classes in particular contexts reinforce overtly stated ideologies about Russian and construct difference between soviet Uzbekistan and independent Uzbekistan. These findings demonstrate the need to reexamine the role of Russian language in post-soviet contexts, and they contribute a unique approach to analyzing links between lexical items and ideology in language planning.

scholarly journals Role of multiple factors likely contributing to severity-mortality of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 105101
Author(s):  
Jasdeep Singh ◽  
Anwar Alam ◽  
Jasmine Samal ◽  
Markus Maeurer ◽  
Nasreen Z. Ehtesham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Factors

scholarly journals The Pivotal Role of Lifestyle Medicine Physician in Managing Chronic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Iqbal Akhtar Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Medicine Physician ◽  
Care Guidelines

Background: Chronic diseases are presently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and are responsible for most of health care expenditure, both in wealthiest countries and those with limited resources. Aims and Objectives: To ratify the competence of skill set Lifestyle Medicine Physician in identifying multiple factors tied to individual’s health. Study Design: To define the attributes of a Lifestyle Medicine Physician. Material and Methods: The role of the Lifestyle Medicine Physician in introducing meaningful, measurable, attainable and sustainable lifestyle interventions which are acceptable, doable and enjoyable for the target group, has been described. In addition the important effect of Spirituality, in the context of the Palliative Care Guidelines of the World Health Assembly and on the increasing toll of Physician Burnout, has been highlighted. Results: Implementation of lifestyle recommendations, under the guidance of Lifestyle Medicine Physician, can significantly reduce premature disability and mortality. Conclusion: The skill set physicians who, with strong basic knowledge, would be able to identify the multiple factors tied to individual ‘s health, provide individualized advice and succefully change menance of chronic lifestyle-related diseases.

scholarly journals Semantic Roles of The Verb “To See” in Javenese of Kertosono

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
A.A.A Ngr. Adriyanti Weda Ningrat ◽  
I Nyoman Kardana ◽  
Mirsa Umiyati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Shape Function ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
Semantic Roles ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
General Semantic

This study reveals the semantic fields from the "to see" verb in Javanese. The aims of this research is to describe the shape, function, meaning and role of semantic of each variant of the verb "to see". To realize this goal, qualitative research design was applied in this study and the semantic role theory of Vole and Van Valin (1984). Was also oriented in data analysis. Verbs that have semantic fields that are associated with the "to see" verb with intentional entities numbering 33. Each of them is ndêlok, ndêlêng, ningali, mirsani, ndeleng sacleraman, ndêlêng tênanên, ningali saestu, mirsani saestu, ningali sekedhap, mirsani sekedhap, mlengos, ngwasi, ngêmatake, ngematakên, ndhangak, dingkluk, nginceng, ngêlirêk, mêntêlêngi, ndelok mburi, and maca. The semantic roles of the arguments of each verb consist of agents and themes. This study only sheds light on the meaning field verb "to see" of the type of variant and a little about the general semantic role. For this reason, a more detailed study of the specific role of each variant of the verb is a topic that can be raised in the next study.

scholarly journals Frame Semantics and Translation of Intertextuality

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-120
Author(s):  
Uliana Tatsakovych
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Frame Semantics ◽  
Cognitive Poetics ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Dynamic Memory ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Visual Models ◽  
Translation Techniques

The article investigates intertextuality and its translation in the context of frame semantics and R. Schank’s dynamic memory theory. The study provides an overview of linguistic and psychological theories examining the role of frames and visualisation in conceptualising reality and discusses their application to the understanding and translation of intertextuality. The theory of dynamic memory is used to explain the nature of textual and intertextual frames and build visual models of their mappings. Based on the analysis of 70 examples of the translation of intertextuality (quotations and allusions) from M. Atwood’s novel The Handmaid’s Tale and its Ukrainian translation, six translation techniques are identified. They are outlined on the basis of the transference of linguistic elements and the conceptual information activated by them (frame mappings, mental images). The examples are compared in terms of cognitive equivalence, which is also defined within the presented approach. The study generally adopts a broader view of intertextuality as a cognitive category and translation as a cognitive process to contribute to the development of cognitive poetics and cognitive translatology.

The semantic role of the wh-element and subject position in Spanish and Catalan

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Adli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
The Subject

AbstractThis work presents experimental results on the position of the subject in

scholarly journals Loss of dmrt1 restores zebrafish female fates in the absence of cyp19a1a but not rbpms2a/b

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (18) ◽  
pp. dev190942
Author(s):  
Shannon Romano ◽  
Odelya H. Kaufman ◽  
Florence L. Marlow
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Fate Specification ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Apply Genetic ◽  
Specific Differentiation ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Genetic Epistasis

ABSTRACTSex determination and differentiation is a complex process regulated by multiple factors, including factors from the germline or surrounding somatic tissue. In zebrafish, sex-determination involves establishment of a bipotential ovary that undergoes sex-specific differentiation and maintenance to form the functional adult gonad. However, the relationships among these factors are not fully understood. Here, we identify potential Rbpms2 targets and apply genetic epistasis experiments to decipher the genetic hierarchy of regulators of sex-specific differentiation. We provide genetic evidence that the crucial female factor rbpms2 is epistatic to the male factor dmrt1 in terms of adult sex. Moreover, the role of Rbpms2 in promoting female fates extends beyond repression of Dmrt1, as Rbpms2 is essential for female differentiation even in the absence of Dmrt1. In contrast, female fates can be restored in mutants lacking both cyp19a1a and dmrt1, and prolonged in bmp15 mutants in the absence of dmrt1. Taken together, this work indicates that cyp19a1a-mediated suppression of dmrt1 establishes a bipotential ovary and initiates female fate acquisition. Then, after female fate specification, Cyp19a1a regulates subsequent oocyte maturation and sustains female fates independently of Dmrt1 repression.

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