Patron's review. The role of images in the development of Renaissance natural history

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Kusukawa
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Over Time

This review surveys recent scholarship on the history of natural history with special attention to the role of images in the Renaissance. It discusses how classicism, collecting and printing were important catalysts for the Renaissance study of nature. Classicism provided inspiration of how to study and what kind of object to examine in nature, and several images from the period can be shown to reflect these classical values. The development of the passion for collecting and the rise of commerce in nature's commodities led to the circulation of a large number of exotic flora and fauna. Pictures enabled scholars to access unobtainable objects, build up knowledge of rare objects over time, and study them long after the live specimens had died away. Printing replicated pictures alongside texts and enabled scholars to share and accumulate knowledge. Images, alongside objects and text, were an important means of studying nature. Naturalists' images, in turn, became part of a larger visual culture in which nature was regarded as a beautiful and fascinating object of admiration.

Dickens and Astronomy, Biology, and Geology

2018 ◽  
pp. 403-419
Author(s):  
Jonathan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Critical Position ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Laws Of Thermodynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Victorian Science ◽  
The Universe

For the last half-century, in a reversal of a long-standing critical position, Dickens has been regarded as engaged with the science of his day, particularly that associated with the laws of thermodynamics; with theories of the evolution of the universe and of life as promulgated in Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, the nebular hypothesis, and Darwin’s Origin of Species; and with geology and the representation of geological change. This chapter summarizes and assesses the criticism on Dickens’s relationship to science and on the role of science in his periodicals, Household Words and All the Year Round, and in his fiction. It argues that the work of historians of Victorian science in recent decades now enables us to see Dickens as not just interested in science, but immersed in the textual and visual culture of display in Victorian popular science.

Writing and Ritual in Deuteronomy 28

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Quick
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Ritual Process ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Ritual Context

This chapter argue that ritual behaviours might be just as good a source as literary texts for the diffusion of traditional cursing and treaty material across different cultures in the ancient Near East. In particular, the role of ad hoc oral Targum in the ritual process could have been an important means by which traditions were shared between different language communities. Recognition of the ritual context of this material also provides insights for the comparative method, the dating and authorship of Deuteronomy 28, and the subversive impetus thought to have stood behind its composition. Ultimately, the function of the written word in a largely oral world is shown to be fundamental to understanding the composition, function and the early history of the curses in the book of Deuteronomy.

scholarly journals Natural History of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: Role of Obesity, Weight Loss, Depression, and Sleep Propensity

SLEEP ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Fernandez-Mendoza ◽  
Alexandros N. Vgontzas ◽  
Ilia Kritikou ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
Duanping Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sleep Propensity

The natural history of sleep disturbance among OEF/OIF veterans with TBI and PTSD and the role of proxy variables in its measurement

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. King ◽  
Kerry T. Donnelly ◽  
Gary Warner ◽  
Michael Wade ◽  
Wilfred R. Pigeon
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Proxy Variables ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Role of Endothelial Shear Stress in the Natural History of Coronary Atherosclerosis and Vascular Remodeling

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (25) ◽  
pp. 2379-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis S. Chatzizisis ◽  
Ahmet Umit Coskun ◽  
Michael Jonas ◽  
Elazer R. Edelman ◽  
Charles L. Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Endothelial Shear Stress

Effects of long-term chloroquine administration on the natural history of aortic aneurysms in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza Ramadan ◽  
Mark D. Wheatcroft ◽  
Adrian Quan ◽  
Krishna K. Singh ◽  
Fina Lovren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Suprarenal Aorta ◽  
History Of ◽  
Categorical Distribution

Autophagy regulates cellular homeostasis and integrates the cellular pro-survival machinery. We investigated the role of autophagy in the natural history of murine abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). ApoE−/− mice were implanted with saline- or angiotensin II (Ang-II)-filled miniosmotic pumps then treated with either the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ; 50 mg·(kg body mass)–1·day–1, by intraperitoneal injection) or saline. Ang-II-elicited aneurysmal expansion of the suprarenal aorta coupled with thrombus formation were apparent 8 weeks later. CQ had no impact on the incidence (50% for Ang-II compared with 46.2% for Ang-II + CQ; P = NS) and categorical distribution of aneurysms. The markedly reduced survival rate observed with Ang-II (57.1% for Ang-II compared with 100% for saline; P < 0.05) was unaffected by CQ (61.5% for Ang-II + CQ; P = NS compared with Ang-II). CQ did not affect the mean maximum suprarenal aortic diameter (1.91 ± 0.19 mm for Ang-II compared with 1.97 ± 0.21 mm for Ang-II + CQ; P = NS). Elastin fragmentation, collagen accumulation, and smooth muscle attrition, which were higher in Ang-II-treated mice, were unaffected by CQ treatment. Long-term CQ administration does not affect the natural history and prognosis of experimental AAA, suggesting that global loss of autophagy is unlikely to be a causal factor in the development of aortic aneurysms. Manipulation of autophagy as a mechanism to reduce AAA may need re-evaluation.

scholarly journals Natural history of glucose tolerance, beta-cell function and peripheral insulin sensitivity in cystic fibrosis patients with fasting euglycemia

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Lombardo ◽  
F De Luca ◽  
M Rosano ◽  
C Sferlazzas ◽  
C Lucanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Peripheral Insulin Resistance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

OBJECTIVE: The loss of pancreatic beta-cells is thought to be one of the principal causes of diabetes mellitus (DM) in cystic fibrosis (CF), but the role of peripheral insulin resistance (IR) in the pathogenesis of DM in CF remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether eventual changes of glucose tolerance (GT) over time were associated with modifications of insulin secretion or sensitivity. METHODS: Plasma glucose and insulin responses to an oral GT test (OGTT) were investigated and reinvestigated 13 Years later in 14 CF patients with initial and persistent fasting euglycemia and no history of insulin treatment. Insulin sensitivity (IS) at both tests was assessed on the basis of insulin and glucose levels both in the fasting state and during OGTTs. RESULTS: From the 1st to the 2nd OGTT: (a) the prevalence of DM responses significantly increased; (b) the areas beneath the respective glucose and insulin curves significantly increased and decreased respectively; (c) IR and IS indices decreased and increased respectively, even in the patients who developed DM; (d) pulmonary function significantly worsened in the entire series, especially in the patients who developed DM. CONCLUSIONS: (i) the natural history of glyco-metabolic status in CF is characterized by deteriorating GT over time; (ii) insulinopenia plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of GT worsening; (iii) IR does not play any significant part in the pathogenesis of DM development; (iv) deterioration of lung function tests is more severe in the subjects who develop DM over time.

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