scholarly journals Synchronizing between Lasswell’s Communication Model and Abram’s Critical Orientation as a Sophisticated Concept of Literary Communication and Its Associated Studies

E-Structural ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-186
Author(s):  
Sarif Syamsu Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Critical Orientation

Abstract. This scientific article is entitled "Synchronizing between Lasswell's Communication Model and Abrams' Critical Orientation as a Sophisticated Concept of Literary Communication and Its Associated Studies". By using a multidisciplinary study, one study in solving a problem using various points of view of many relevant sciences in this case, such as literature and communication science, the research question of this article is synchronizing between Lasswell’s Communication Model and Abrams' Critical Orientation as a Sophisticated Concept of Literary Communication and Its Associated Studies. The literature review used as a scientific foundation in conducting this theoretical review, among others, is Nature of Literature and Literary Works, Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic: Mind Structure and Topography, Intertextuality Act, Mayer Howard Abrams’ Critical Orientation, and Harold Dwight Lasswell’s Communication Model. The design of this article represents a theoretical review of a comparative study between communication science and literary studies. The technique of data analysis used is Lasswell's model to describe components of literary communication and its associated studies. The results of this article are the components of literary communication consisting of the source as the ideas, the artist as the communicator, the main idea in literary work as the message, the figurative language as media, and the audience as the receiver, and impact as the effect. The studies of each component are that mimetic, expressive, objective, and pragmatic studies.Keywords: communication, component, model, studies, synchronizingAbstrak. Artikel ilmiah ini berjudul "Sinkronisasi antara Model Komunikasi Lasswell dan Orientasi Kritis Abrams sebagai Konsep Canggih Komunikasi Sastra dan Studi Terkait". Dengan menggunakan studi multidisiplin, satu studi dalam memecahkan masalah menggunakan berbagai sudut pandang banyak ilmu yang relevan dalam kasus ini, seperti sastra dan ilmu komunikasi, pertanyaan penelitian dari artikel ini adalah sinkronisasi antara Model Komunikasi Lasswell dan Orientasi Kritis Abrams sebagai Konsep Canggih Komunikasi Sastra dan Studi Terkait. Tinjauan literatur yang digunakan sebagai landasan ilmiah dalam melakukan tinjauan teoretis ini, antara lain adalah Sifat Karya Sastra dan Sastra, Psikoanalitik Sigmund Freud: Struktur dan Topografi Pikiran, Tindakan Antartekstualitas, Orientasi Kritis Mayer Howard Abrams, dan Model Komunikasi Harold Dwight Lasswell . Desain artikel ini merupakan tinjauan teoritis studi banding antara ilmu komunikasi dan studi sastra. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Lasswell untuk menggambarkan komponen komunikasi sastra dan studi terkaitnya. Hasil dari artikel ini adalah komponen komunikasi sastra yang terdiri dari sumber sebagai ide, artis sebagai komunikator, ide utama dalam karya sastra sebagai pesan, bahasa kiasan sebagai media, dan audiens sebagai penerima, dan dampak sebagai efek. Studi masing-masing komponen adalah studi mimesis, ekspresif, objektif, dan pragmatis.Kata kunci: komunikasi, komponen, model, studi, sinkronisasi

scholarly journals Facing Anxiety through Ego Defense Mechanisms on The Walking Dead: Michonne Movie Game

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317
Author(s):  
Fery Setiawan ◽  
I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa Jayantini ◽  
Ida Bagus Gde Nova Winarta ◽  
Ni Komang Arie Suwastini
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
The Walking Dead ◽  
Ego Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Ego Defense ◽  
Walking Dead

With the advancement of technology, a newly adopted form of literary work was found, known as a movie game. It is one of the game genres that resembles real movies that provide choices to the players who can actively determine the story, ending, and characters' action. In literary work, a character is one of the intrinsic elements that can be interestingly analyzed from the psychological perspective, including Ego Defense Mechanisms. This study focuses on how the protagonist in a movie game entitled The Walking Dead: Michonne faced her anxiety through her ego defense mechanisms. It aims to identify the types of ego defense mechanisms and how they can help the protagonist cope with her anxiety. The discussion was based on psychoanalysis theory, namely Ego Defense Mechanisms proposed by Sigmund Freud. This study elaborated the description of the protagonist's actions when she faced anxiety through a qualitative method. The analysis revealed that the protagonist adopted the four types of Ego Defense Mechanisms: repression, sublimation, rationalization, and aggression. It was found that aggression was the most frequently adopted mechanism, followed by sublimation, rationalization, and the least was repression. This finding indicated that the protagonist chose aggression to release resentment or dissatisfaction, especially when facing objects or other characters that create anxiety or frustration. It implies that the persistence of aggression, sublimation, rationalization, and repression could reflect the presence of continual threats in the environment from which people should survive. 

scholarly journals Quality of patient, family, caregiver and public engagement in decision-making in healthcare systems: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e032788
Author(s):  
Clayon Hamilton ◽  
M Elizabeth Snow ◽  
Nancy Clark ◽  
Shannon Gibson ◽  
Maryam Dehnadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Scientific Article

IntroductionTo advance person- and family-centred healthcare, government initiatives have supported the engagement of patients and family caregivers in decision-making in healthcare systems. There is, however, no consensus on how to define success for such initiatives. This scoping review aims to identify the key elements for defining the quality of patient and family caregiver engagement in decision-making across the engagement domains (individual, community/organisation, system) of British Columbia’s healthcare system. We will use those elements to develop a conceptual evaluation framework.Methods and analysisThis scoping review follows Arskey and O’Malley’s methodology. (1) The research question was identified through team discussions. (2) Articles for data source will be identified using a librarian-informed search strategy for seven bibliographic databases as well as grey literature sources. (3) Selected articles will be relevant to the evaluation of patient and family caregiver engagement in healthcare systems. (4) Two researchers will independently extract data into predefined and emerging categories. (5) The researchers will reconcile and organise the identified elements. The research team’s collective perspective will then refine the elements, and select, interpret and summarise the results. (6) Persons from key stakeholder groups will be consulted to refine the emergent conceptual framework.Ethics and disseminationWe will seek ethics approval for the stakeholder consultation. This study follows an integrated knowledge translation approach. The results will inform evaluation of the Patients as Partners Initiative of the British Columbia Ministry of Health, and will be disseminated as a scientific article, a research brief, and presentations at conferences and stakeholder meetings.

Homogeneity, “glocalism” or somewhere in between?

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 288-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Cecilia de Burgh-Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pierre Loti ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This paper aims to expand current theories of globalisation to a consideration of its impact on the individual. Much work has been done on the impact of globalisation on social, political and economic structures. In this paper, globalisation, for the individual, reflects a re-conceptualisation of the Self/Other encounter. In order to explore this Self/Other dimension, the paper analyses the literary work of nineteenth-century writer Pierre Loti since his work begins to problematise this important motif. His work also provides insight into the effect on the individual when encountering the Other in a globalised context. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing from literary criticism, the paper adopts an interpretive approach. Using the fiction and non-fiction work of Pierre Loti, an integrated psychoanalytical, postcolonial analysis is conducted to draw out possible insights into how Loti conceptualises the Other and is thus transformed himself. Findings – The paper finds that the Self/Other encounter shifts in the era of globalisation. The blurring of the Self/Other is part of the impact of globalisation on the individual. Further, the paper argues that Loti was the first to problematise Self/Other at a point in history where the distinction seemed clear. Loti's work is instructive for tracing the dissolution of the Self/Other encounter since the themes and issues raised in his early work foreshadow our contemporary experience of globalisation. Research limitations/implications – This paper takes a specific view of globalisation through an interpretive lens. It also uses one specific body of work to answer the research question of what impact globalisation has on the individual. A broader sampling and application of theoretical strains out of the literary criticism canon would expand the parameters of this study. Originality/value – This paper makes an original contribution to current theorisations of globalisation in that it re-conceptualises classical understandings of the Self/Other divide. The finding that the Self/Other divide is altered in the current era of globalisation has impact for cultural and marketing theory since it re-focuses attention on the shifting nature of identity and how we encounter the Other in our daily existence.

scholarly journals METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN EMILY DICKINSON’S POEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Lola Cenita ◽  
Ely Nurmaily
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Theory Of Meaning ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Aesthetic

The poem has the role of the media to deliver the author’s opinion, messages, and feeling towards certain phenomena to the readers by using literary language. The idea of those poems needs to be interpreted by the readers and it is dealing with meaning. Problems occur when there is the literary language used by the author since not all the reader can understand the implicit meaning inside the poems which certainly used figurative language, especially metaphor. Thus, the study entitled Metaphorical Expressions in Emily Dickinson’s Poems aimed to find the metaphor inside three poems by Emily Dickinson entitled I Felt a Funeral in My Brain, Because I could Not Stop for Death and I Heard a Fly Buzz – when I Died. This study also aimed to identify the implicit meaning behind those metaphors. In analyzing the data, the researcher used the metaphor theory proposed by Lakoff and Johnson, they are structural metaphor, ontological metaphor, and orientational metaphor. To answer the second research question, the researcher used the theory of meaning by I. A Richard. This study used a descriptive qualitative method and stylistic approach, in which the researcher focuses on the aesthetic function of the language. In this research, the researcher found 17 metaphorical expressions divided into 5 types of metaphor there are: entity metaphor 4 data, structural metaphor 5 data, orientation metaphor 1 data, container metaphor 1data and personification 6 data.

scholarly journals Safety Climate in Project-Based Organizations: Multi-Criteria Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Milijić ◽  
Anđelka Stojanović ◽  
Ivan Mihajlović ◽  
Ivan Jovanović ◽  
Momir Popović
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Complete Ranking ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Favorable Safety

Research Question: The aim of this paper is to determine the factors influencing safety climate in different industrial sectors in project-based organizations. Motivation: Systematic research on occupational safety is not so frequent in the Republic of Serbia. The lack of research that deals with safety climate in project-based organizations exploring the attitudes of employees in different industrial sectors is evident. In the research conducted by Milijic et al., (2013) a model for measuring safety climate factors was proposed and the following step is to identify the most important safety climate issues for each industrial sector as a key to fostering better safety performance. Chen et al. (2018a) concluded that engagement at all levels of the company is essential to fostering better safety performances as well as that safety awareness is the most important factor influencing workers' safety efficiency. The authors of the present paper seek those particular factors that adequately describe safety climate in project-based organizations by examining the attitudes of workers in different industrial sectors. Idea: The main idea of this paper is to evaluate and rank safety climate in different industrial sectors and different workplaces considering the following five factors of safety climate: Safety and competence awareness, Occupational safety management commitment, Safety training and tools, Safety practices and procedures and Organizational environment. Data: Safety climate analysis was conducted on a set of data collected as a part of a survey carried out in eleven project-oriented organizations operating in different industrial sectors on the territory of Serbia. Tools: This paper proposes a multi-criteria analysis of the data collected from a national survey using the Entropy-PROMETHEE-GAIA method. Findings: A complete ranking of safety climate in project-oriented organizations based on the opinions of employees in different industrial sectors resulted in Energy as the best-ranked sector. On the other hand, the worst-ranked sector is High-rise construction. The results of the complete ranking of safety climate in project-oriented organizations based on the opinions of employees at different workplaces in different industrial sectors showed that the best-ranked alternatives were manager working places. When it comes to production workers on projects, the most favorable safety climate is in energy workplaces and for non-productive workers, while the most favorable safety climate is on projects in the field of mechanical engineering. Contribution: Adopting the conclusions from the paper can, in practice, improve safety climate along with safety at work in project-based organizations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Consumer-Company Relationships on Brand Loyalty

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihalj Bakator ◽  
Dejan Đorđević ◽  
Dragan Ćoćkalo ◽  
Srđan Bogetić
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Marketing Management ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

Research Question: In this paper the effect of consumers’ relationship towards a company on brand loyalty is analysed. Motivation: The main goal is to determine if consumers’ relationship towards a company develops brand loyalty. In addition, consumer-brand relationships, consumer-product relationships, brand trust and brand relationship quality are observed. This is important for defining complex relationships between companies, consumers and brands. Brand loyalty is the result of marketing, management and public relations practices. This thorough research provides a substantial insight into this domain. The number of studies that address several marketing management constructs in this form is low. Therefore, this approach is innovative from that viewpoint. Idea: The main idea is to analyse the complex relationships between the above-mentioned constructs and to highlight key factors while taking into consideration the integrity of the analysed data. Data: For this research, the data was collected via structured survey. The sample size of 407 included male and female consumers, aged from 15 to 65, from the major cities in Serbia. Potential biases were taken into consideration when undertaking data analysis. Tools: Conclusions were drawn from the extensive data analysis that included OLS regression analysis, (with and without control parameters), correlation analysis, reliability test, and tests for multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. Findings: The results indicate that there is a strong link between consumers’ relationship towards a company and brand loyalty. In addition, the links between the mediating constructs shed light on the complexity of developing relationships with consumers. Contribution: This study contributes to the existing body of literature and expands the view on consumer-company relationships from the aspect of brand and marketing management and management overall.

scholarly journals GRAPHIC LITERATURE: DEFINITIONS, HISTORY, COMPONENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Nataliia Belichko ◽  
Nadiia Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Art Form ◽  
History Of

Abstract. The article defines for the first time the concept of graphic literature a special kind of book and magazine graphics, which has become widespread in world art practice over the past century. It emphasizes that graphic literature combines elements of fine arts, literature, and cinema. It reveals the essence of graphic literature in the narrative of history through a sequence of images. It reviews the history of formation and development of this art form in world and Ukrainian art history. It outlines the specific features of graphic literature in certain countries. It gives the names of personalities who influenced its origin and spread around the world. The article is mainly focused on the analysis of the history of graphic literature development in Ukraine. It outlines the contribution of Ukrainian artists of the 20th century to its development. It emphasizes the reasons for the negative attitude to graphic works of literature in Soviet times. It considers in detail the spread of works of graphic literature in Ukraine at the beginning of the 21st century. It names Ukrainian personalities and specialized publishing houses that actively develop modern graphic literature. It outlines the basic structure, some important elements, and technique of graphic works. It emphasizes the similarity of the design of works of graphic and fiction. It reveals the main purpose of graphic literature in the most effective way to convey the main idea of a literary work to the reader and to get him/her interested with the help of visual images. It examines the genre diversity of graphic literature in Ukraine in the last decade. It analyses the dependence of the genres of graphic works on the age restrictions of the readership. It reveals the necessity to further study and analyse such graphic works from the art point of view. Graphic literature combines publications in which the narration is conveyed through hand-drawn and textual images in a certain sequence.

scholarly journals Pesan Tabligh dalam Karya Sastra Novel I AM Sarahza

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Malikhatul Farida ◽  
Aang Ridwan ◽  
Tata Sukayat
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Characteristic Form ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Descriptive Content ◽  
Content Analysis Method

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pesan tabligh yang terdapat dalam novel I AM Sarahza karangan Hanum Salsabiela Rais dan Rangga Almahendra. Pesan tabligh yang dimaksudkan adalah berdasarkan pada Organisasi Pesan, Kategorisasi Pesan dan Karakteristik Pesan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode analisis isi deskriptif, yaitu mencaritahu dan mengkaji lebih dalam mengenai pesan tabligh dalam karya sastra novel I AM Sarahza sebagai sarana sekaligus sumber penyampaian pesan tabligh melalui tulisan yang tujuan untuk menggambarkan isi novel secara mendetail, logis, sistematis dan menyeluruh baik melalui makna, isi maupun ungkapan pesan tabligh dalam novel. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam bentuk organisasi pesan tabligh terdapat pesan yang paling mendominasi yaitu Induktif atau kalimat yang memiliki ide pokok di awal kalimat dan kesimpulan di akhir kalimat, lalu dalam bentuk kategorisasi pesan lebih mendominasi terhadap bentuk kategori Ibadah yakni jenis prilaku atau ketaatan manusia dengan Allah SWT yang dibuktikan dengan karakter manusia yang amar ma’ruf nahi munkar dan terakhir adalah bentuk karakteristik pesan yang memiliki hasil yang seimbang antara verbal (pesan langsung) dan Nonverbal (pesan tidak langsung).   ABSTRACT The study aims to determine the tabligh messages contained in the novel of I AM Sarahza by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra. The intended tabligh message based on Message Organization, Message Categorization and Message Characteristics. The research method uses descriptive content analysis method, which is to find out and examine more deeply about the message of tabligh in the literary work of the novel I AM Sarahza as a means as well as a source of delivering tabligh messages through writing to describe the contents of the novel in detail, logically, systematically and thoroughly both through meaning, content and expression of Tabligh messages in the novel. The results showed that in the form of tabligh message organization there is the most dominant message that is Inductive or a sentence that has the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and the conclusion at the end of the sentence. In the form of message categorization is more dominant towards the form of worship categories namely the type of human behaviour or obedience with God SWT as evidenced by the human character that is amar ma'ruf nahi munkar and finally is a characteristic form of message that has a balanced outcome between verbal (direct messages) and Nonverbal (indirect messages).

scholarly journals Expected Competencies from University Graduates for Employment in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Anđelković Labrović ◽  
Ivana Milinković ◽  
Nikola Petrović ◽  
Ivana Kovačević
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Group Report

Research Question: This paper investigates into which competencies and competency areas are essential for graduates to be employable in Serbia. Motivation: The research was conducted with the aim to recommend to the Faculty of Organizational Sciences to adjust their curriculum, so that graduates could acquire competencies necessary for employment at junior positions. Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, the paper includes required competencies according to popular reports, analysis of vacancies for junior positions in the field of Management and IT, focus groups and surveys conducted in companies in Serbia. Idea: The main idea of the research was to empirically evaluate the need and importance of general competencies for performing a job at junior positions. Participants in the research were experts from human resource management departments and domain experts from different fields who participate in the selection process. Data: During the research, 52 competencies from world reports, 60 competencies from open job vacancies, and 69 competencies during the focus group were analyzed. The questionnaire was created based on 29 competencies that were results from the qualitative research and filled out by 118 representatives from companies from different business domains. Tools: Content analysis of reports and vacancy ads, focus group report and statistical analysis of survey data (t test, Principal component analysis) were used to draw conclusions about required competencies for junior positions in the Serbian market and to categorize them. Findings: Competencies that are expected from future employees are to be socially skilled leaders capable of solving problems and intrinsically motivated to create and to be productive. Above all, they should be able to learn continuously. Specifically, when comparing managerial junior positions to junior IT professionals, it seems more important to be competitive, have strong presentation skills and to be conscientious. Contribution: Competencies important for graduates’ employability in Serbia are identified and grouped in different competency areas based on what universities’ curricula could be adapted.

scholarly journals Dua Sisi Kepribadian Bertolak Belakang: Psikoanalisis Freudian dalam Novel Deviasi Karya Mira W

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Magdalena Baga
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Dissociative Identity Disorder ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Multiple Personality Disorder ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Multiple Personality

Abstrak Teori Psikoanalisis Freud bukan saja digunakan untuk terapi pada manusia, akan tetapi sering juga digunakan untuk menelaah karya sastra yang memuat masalah-masalah psikologis tokoh yang ada di dalam karya sastra. Sigmund Freud dikenal dengan teorinya mengenai lapisan kesadaran, dan ia sendiri mengujicobakan teorinya mengenai lapisan kesadaran ini ke dalam karya sastra. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menelaah tokoh yang mengalami penyimpangan secara kejiwaan dalam novel karya Mira W. yang berjudul Deviasi dengan menggunakan teori dan pendekatan psikoanalisis Freud dalam karya sastra. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa tokoh utama dalam novel ini mengalami masalah kejiwaan berat sehingga menderita Dissociative Identity Disorder(DID) atau Multiple Personality Disorder, yakni suatu kelainan kejiwaan yang mengakibatkan seseorang memiliki kepribadian ganda. Kelainan kejiwaan ini tidak muncul begitu saja, akan tetapi ada sebuah penyebab yang berasal dari masa kanak-kanak dan butuh rentangan waktu yang panjang untuk memperlihatkan bahwa seseorang telah menyimpang secara kejiwaan, atau tidak norma Abstract Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory is not only used for therapy in humans, but often also used to examine literary works that contain psychological problems of characters inside literary works. Sigmund Freud was known for his theory of the layer of consciousness, and he tested his theory into literary work. The purpose of this paper is to examine the characters who experience psychiatric disorder in Mira W's novel entitled Deviasi using Freud's psychoanalytic theory and approach in literary works. The results of the analysis show that the main character in this novel suffered severe psychiatric problems and he had suffered of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) or  Multiple Personality Disorder, a psychiatric disorder that results in a person having multiple personalities. This psychiatric disorder does not appear just in sudden, but there is a cause that originates from childhood and requires a long stretch of time to show that someone has psychological disorder or abnormally deviated.

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