scholarly journals Study of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fatsiphloginum™ (Fatsia japonica) and a New Purified Triterpene-Rich Extract of Saponins (PS-551) in Experimental Model of Arthritis

2019 ◽  
pp. S75-S85
Author(s):  
L. TSIKLAURI ◽  
F. DRAFI ◽  
S. PONIŠT ◽  
L. SLOVÁK ◽  
M. CHRASTINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Adjuvant Arthritis ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Interleukin 17A ◽  
Fatsia Japonica ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Higher Doses

In this study, two extracts from Fatsia japonica-Fatsiphloginum™ (extract of triterpene glycosides containing 45-50 % of fatsiosides (FS)) and purified triterpene-rich extract of saponins with code name PS-551 (PS) were administered in combination with methotrexate (MTX) and in monotherapy to rats suffering adjuvant arthritis (AA). The anti-inflammatory activities of extracts were evaluated as monotherapies in comparison with untreated AA. PS administered in higher dose showed on day 28 effective decrease of hind paw volume (HPV), decreased activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in joints, and also interleukin-17A was decreased significantly on day 14. The higher dose of PS was more effective than both doses of FS. Further, we evaluated the higher doses of PS and FS in combination with MTX. PS improved the effect of MTX in combination more effective than FS (HPV, body weight and activity of GGT in joint). However, FS was more effective in reducing the level of IL-17A on day 14 and activity of GGT in spleen than PS. In conclusion, our study showed that generally FS has higher anti-arthritic activity comparing to PS. Thus, the novel combination of Fatsiphloginum™ and methotrexate could be interesting for future clinical studies in patients suffering auto-immune diseases.

scholarly journals Bioflavonoid Robinin from Astragalus falcatus Lam. Mildly Improves the Effect of Metothrexate in Rats with Adjuvant Arthritis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Lia Tsiklauri ◽  
Karol Švík ◽  
Martin Chrastina ◽  
Silvester Poništ ◽  
František Dráfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Adjuvant Arthritis ◽  
Experimental Arthritis ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Adjuvant Induced Arthritis ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Anti-inflammatory potential of orally administrated bioflavonoid-robinin, active sub-stance of original drug Flaroninum™ (FL), was investigated in the combination with methotrexate (MTX) and in monotherapy in rats suffering from adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA). Robinin (kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-rhamnoside) was isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus falcatus Lam. The monotherapy with robinin was not efficient in alleviating symptoms of AA. The combination of MTX with robinin was similarly active as MTX alone in reducing the hind paw volume and change of body weight during the whole experiment. The combination, however, reduced plasma levels of Interleukin-17Aand activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase in joint more efficiently then MTX alone. Our results demonstrate that the novel combination of robinin and MTX mildly improved the reduction of inflammation in experimental arthritis.

scholarly journals Digestible methionine+cystine levels for white-egg layers aged one to six weeks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e74985242
Author(s):  
Jalceyr Pessoa Figueiredo Junior ◽  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Ricardo Romão Guerra ◽  
Marcelo Helder Medeiros Santana ◽  
Matheus Ramalho de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Histological Data ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The aim of this study was was to determine the nutritional requirements of digestible methionine+cystine (M+C) for white-egg layers aged one to six weeks. A completely randomized design with five methionine+cystine levels, six replicates, and 30 birds per experimental unit was adopted. Dietary treatments consisted of five diets supplemented with DL-Methionine with resulted in five levels of digestible methionine + cystine, 80% (0.516%), 90% (0.578%), 100% (0.640%), 110% (0.702%), and 120% (0.764%), based on Brazilian tables of nutritional requirements. Performance, serological blood, and histological data were evaluated. Feed intake, feed conversion, hepatic glycogen deposition, enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, and serum creatinine and albumin levels had showed a quadratic response to the levels of digestible M+C, with the respective requirements: 89.78% (0.575%), 114.33% (0.732%), 86.50% (0.554%), 100% (0.640%), 100.40% (0.643%), 104.30% (0.668%), and 111.88% (0.716%). Increasing levels of methionine+cystine elevated the relative liver weight and the deposition of hepatic glycogen, in addition to promote higher growth in pullets, with better body weight and body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Our findings suggest that 0.732% digestible methionine+cystine is recommended, which corresponds to an intake of 151.20 mg/bird/d and a Met+Cys:Lys  ratio 83%, for light pullets from one to six weeks.

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with Hepatosplenic Candidiasis in a Patient with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia: Possible Pathogenesis and Treatment in the Light of Current Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bicakci Z ◽  
◽  
Koca D ◽  
Bozbeyoglu G ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Hepatosplenic Candidiasis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Acquired immune deficiencies caused by different etiologies, promote invasive fungal infections. When this immunity begins to improve, it can induce an excessive inflammatory response defined as Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS). Hepatosplenic Candidiasis (HSC) can be considered a form of IRIS syndrome as it occurs following neutrophil recovery in patients treated for acute leukemia. Differentiating IRIS from a single fungal infection or treatment failure due to a similar clinical picture is a real diagnostic problem. Misdiagnosis and subsequently ineffective treatment with antifungal therapy instead of anti-inflammatory drugs, may lead fatal course of the disease. A deep and prolonged neutropenia developed after the first induction chemotherapy in our two and a half-year-old male patient who was followed up in our clinic with the diagnosis of Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML). Our patient had fever, abdominal pain as well as his Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels increased during neutropenia recovery. He was diagnosed with hepatosplenic candidiasis, by observing ‘target like abscesses’ on dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) taken for his newly developing symptoms and laboratory findings while recovering neutropenia. After his first and third induction chemotherapy courses, his fever persisted although antifungal therapy, steroid treatment was initiated considering IRIS. After his re-intensification course, because of the same flare-up symptoms, we started immunglobulin in addition to steroid. With methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, his symptoms improved and significant regression was observed in the lesions ‘target-like abscesses’ on MRI and in the laboratory values. Result: IRIS should be considered for patients with hepatic candidiasis whose have persistent fever despite appropriate antifungal therapy. Glucocorticoid should be started first for an anti-inflammatory effect.

scholarly journals Effects of change in body weight on serum aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels.

Sangyo Igaku ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Yutaka TAKASHIMA ◽  
Takashi AKAMATSU ◽  
Yasuhide ORIDO ◽  
Takaaki KINOUE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Serum Aminotransferase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

scholarly journals Determination of Biochemical and Histological Parameters of Alcohol Administration in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. G. Dawodu ◽  
O. A. T. Ebuehi ◽  
O. S. Odesanmi ◽  
M. O. Olalekan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Alcohol Administration ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Alanine Amino Transferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Animal model development of alcohol administration in rats is of crucial importance as it gives indirect information to effects of alcohol in humans. An indirect assessment of this would be the biochemical and histological data that could arise from such experiments. 20 Male Wistar rats weighing (63.50±3.79 g), were divided into four groups (consisting 15 treated animals and 5 control animals) and administered with varying concentrations of ethanol (5% 15% and 40%) via intragastric intubation for a period of 28 days. Probic evaluations, liver biochemical enzymes and alteration in histology profile of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and viscera organs (namely the liver, kidney, heart and lungs) were determined after experimental duration. At 40% ethanol administration, the rats showed biochemically significant decrease in serum gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), serum aspartate (AST) and Alanine amino transferase (ALT) when compared to normal study while 5% and 15% ethanol administered rats were comparable with control values i.e. normal study. Probic evaluations such as body weight, water intake and food intake showed percentage decrease in 40% ethanol administrated rat when compared with controls. The photomicrographs of the 5% and 15% ethanol administered rats indicated mild damage in their histological profiles when compared to the normal study while there was more adverse damage occurring in the 40% ethanol administrated rats. Conclusion: From this study, serum aspartate (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and Alanine amino transferase (ALT), probic evaluation (body weight, food intake and water intake) coupled with histopathological investigation may be used as biomarker for the early diagnosis of ethanol toxicity in human beings.

Toxicological implications of aqueous extract of Bambusa vulgaris leaves in pregnant Dutch rabbits

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Yakubu ◽  
BB Bukoye ◽  
AT Oladiji ◽  
MA Akanji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aqueous extract of Bambusa vulgaris L. leaves at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was investigated for toxic effects in pregnant rabbits. Apparently healthy, female rabbits (Dutch) weighing between 1.62 and 1.70 kg as previously used in our abortifacient study were paired overnight with male rabbits in ratio 2:1 and those that became pregnant were completely randomized into three groups (A-C). Group A (the control), received orally 1.85 mL/kg body weight (3 mL) of distilled water thrice daily on days 1-9 of pregnancy while groups B and C were treated orally with the same volume corresponding to 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight of the extract. Clinical signs of toxicity were not observed in all the animals during the study. The extract did not significantly alter (p > .05) the serum follicle stimulating hormone and total protein content of the pregnant rabbits throughout the exposure period whereas, the concentrations of luteinizing hormone, progesterone, albumin, globulin, urea and calcium decreased in the serum of the rabbits. At 250 mg/kg body weight, the extract increased kidney alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity whereas at 500 mg/kg body weight of the extract, the ALP level was similar to the control group. Liver ALP at all doses, as well as the activity of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) at 500 mg/kg body weight was reduced. This reduction was accompanied by an increase in serum ALP and GGT at these doses. At 250 mg/kg, the extract increased kidney GGT. Conversely, at 500 mg/ kg, kidney GGT activity decreased. Liver and serum GGT were not altered by the 250 mg/kg. The extract also increased the serum levels of creatinine, uric acid, sodium, potassium and bicarbonate ions as well as total and conjugated bilirubin. In the hepatocytes of extract-treated animals, there was no evidence of necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis and degenerative changes in the central vein and radiating hepatic cords, while the glomerulus and the tubules of the nephrons also remained intact. The alterations in biochemical parameters by the aqueous extract of B. vulgaris leaves suggests adverse effect on the synthetic, secretory, reabsorptive and excretory functions of liver and kidney of the animals. Therefore, the absence of histopathological lesions in the hepatocytes and nephrons implies that histopathological changes are not a sensitive assay for the assessment of tissue damage by the extract.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effects of Chinese Medicine Herbs Decoction on Liver Cirrhosis in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aziyah Mat-Rahim ◽  
Tong-Hye Lim ◽  
Nur-Asyura Nor-Amdan ◽  
Sazaly AbuBakar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Hepatoprotective and curative activities of aqueous extract of decoction containing 10 Chinese medicinal herbs (HPE-XA-08) were evaluated in Sprague–Dawley albino rats with liver damage induced by thioacetamide (TAA). These activities were assessed by investigating the liver enzymes level and also histopathology investigation. Increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were observed in rats with cirrhotic liver. No significant alterations of the liver enzymes were observed following treatment with HPE-XA-08. Histopathology examination of rats treated with HPE-XA-08 at 250 mg/kg body weight, however, exhibited moderate liver protective effects. Reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins within the hepatocytes were noted in comparison to the cirrhotic liver. The curative effects of HPE-XA-08 were observed with marked decrease in the level of ALP (more than 3x) and level of GGT (more than 2x) in cirrhotic rat treated with 600 mg/kg body weight HPE-XA-08 in comparison to cirrhotic rat treated with just water diluent. Reversion of cirrhotic liver to normal liver condition in rats treated with HPE-XA-08 was observed. Results from the present study suggest that HPE-XA-08 treatment assisted in the protection from liver cirrhosis and improved the recovery of cirrhotic liver.

scholarly journals In vivo induction of hepatocellular carcinoma by diethylnitrosoamine and pharmacological intervention in Balb C mice using Bergenia ciliata extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Dar ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
M. Ejaz ◽  
S. Nasreen ◽  
N. Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Alpha Feto Protein ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent primary malignancy of liver and accounts for as many as one million deaths worldwide in a year. Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-cancerous efficiency of Bergenia ciliata rhizome against diethylnitrosoamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Balb C mice. Methods One percent diethylnitrosoamine was prepared by using 99 ml of normal saline NaCl (0.9 percent) solution to which was added 1 ml of concentrated diethylnitrosoamine (DEN) solution (0.01 μg/μl). Extract of Bergenia ciliata was prepared by maceration technique. Mice were classified into four groups as follows: Group 1 a control group (N=7) received saline solution (3.5 μl/mg), group 2 (N=14) received diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) intraperitoneally once in a week for eight consecutive weeks, group 3 (N=7) received plant extract (150 mg/kg (Body weight)) once in a week, while group 4 (N=7) was given combination of diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) and plant extract (150 mg/kg (Body weight)). After eight weeks of DEN induction group 2 mice were divided into two subgroups containing seven mice each, subgroup 1 was sacrificed while subgroup 2 was treated with plant extract (150 mg/kg (Body weight)) once in a week for eight consecutive weeks. Results The model of DEN injected hepatocellular carcinomic (HCC) mice elicited significant decline in levels of albumin with concomitant significant elevations in tumor markers aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha feto protein (AFP), gamma glutamyl transferase (Y-GT), 5 nucleotidase (5NT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and bilirubin. The intraperitoneal administration of B. ciliata as a protective agent, produced significant increase in albumin levels with significant decrease in the levels of tumor markers aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha feto protein (AFP), gamma glutamyl transferase (Y-GT), 5 nucleotidase (5NT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and bilirubin. Conclusion Bergenia ciliata has potent antioxidant activity, radical scavenging capacity and anticancerous properties. Bergenia ciliata extracts may provide a basis for development of anti-cancerous drug.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Grape Pomace against the Adverse Effects of Cypermethrin on Weanling Female Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Tawab H. Mossa ◽  
Faten M. Ibrahim ◽  
Samia M. M. Mohafrash ◽  
Doha H. Abou Baker ◽  
Souad El Gengaihi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The adverse effect of cypermethrin on the liver and kidney of weanling female rats and the protective effect of ethanolic extract of grape pomace were investigated in the present study. Weanling female rats were given cypermethrin oral at a dose of 25 mg kg−1body weight for 28 consecutive days. An additional two Cyp-trated groups received extract at a dose of 100 and 200 mg kg−1body weight, respectively, throughout the experimental duration. Three groups more served as extract and control groups. Administration of Cyp resulted in a significant increase in serum marker enzymes, for example, aminotransferases (AST and ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and increases the level of urea nitrogen and creatinine. In contrast, Cyp caused significant decrease in levels of total protein and albumin and caused histopathological alterations in liver and kidneys of female rats. Coadministration of the extract to Cyp-treated female rats restored most of these biochemical parameters to within normal levels especially at high dose of extract. However, extract administration to Cyp-treated rats resulted in overall improvement in liver and kidney damage. This study demonstrated the adverse biohistological effects of Cyp on the liver and kidney of weanling female rats. The grape pomace extract administration prevented the toxic effect of Cyp on the above serum parameters. The present study concludes that grape pomace extract has significant antioxidant and hepatorenal protective activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effect of Artemisia vulgaris extract against diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in Balb C mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ali ◽  
M. Ejaz ◽  
K. K. Dar ◽  
S. Nasreen ◽  
N. Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Abstract The main objective of current study was to investigate the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity of Artemisia vulgaris extract on diethylnitrosoamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Balb C mice. Diethylnitrosoamine (DEN: 0.9%) was prepared to induce hepatocarcinoma in Balb C mice. The extract Artemisia vulgaris (AV) was prepared by maceration technique. Mice were classified into four groups as follows: Group 1 a control group (N=7) received saline solution (3.5 μl/mg), group 2 (N=14) received diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) intraperitoneally once in a week for eight consecutive weeks, group 3 (N=7) received only plant extract (AV: 150 mg/kg (Body weight) once in a week, while group 4 (N=7) was given in combination of diethylnitrosoamine (3.5 μl/mg) and plant extract (AV: 150 mg/kg (body weight). After eight weeks of DEN administration, mice of group 2 were divided into two subgroups containing seven mice each; subgroup 1 was sacrificed while subgroup 2 was treated with plant extract only (150 mg/kg (body weight)) once in a week for eight consecutive weeks. The DEN injected mice significant decline in levels of albumin with concomitant significant elevations such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha feto protein, gamma glutamyl transferase, 5 nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and bilirubin. The administration of A. vulgaris significantly decreased the DEN induced hepatotoxicity. Present study revealed the potential anti-cancerous nature of Artemisia vulgaris, both in case of chemopreventive and post-treatment of A. vulgaris. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanism of prevention and therapy.

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