scholarly journals Akt Substrate of 160 kDa Dephosphorylation Rate Is Reduced in Insulin-Stimulated Rat Skeletal Muscle After Acute Exercise

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. ARIAS ◽  
H. WANG ◽  
G. D. CARTEE
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Akt Activation ◽  
Prior Exercise

Because greater Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) phosphorylation has been reported in insulin-stimulated skeletal muscles without improved Akt activation several hours post-exercise, we hypothesized that prior exercise would result in attenuated AS160 dephosphorylation in insulin-stimulated rat skeletal muscle. Epitrochlearis muscles were isolated from rats that were sedentary (SED) or exercised 3 h earlier (3 h post-exercise; 3hPEX). Paired muscles were incubated with [3H]-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) without insulin or with insulin. Lysates from other insulin-stimulated muscles from SED or 3hPEX rats were evaluated using AS160Thr642 and AS160Ser588 dephosphorylation assays. Prior exercise led to greater 2-DG uptake concomitant with greater AS160Thr642 phosphorylation and a non-significant trend (P=0.087) for greater AS160Ser588. Prior exercise also reduced AS160Thr642 and AS160Ser588 dephosphorylation rates. These results support the idea that attenuated AS160 dephosphorylation may favor greater AS160 phosphorylation post-exercise.

505 HKII GENE TRANSCRIPTION IS INCREASED BY ACUTE EXERCISE IN RAT SKELETAL MUSCLE

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. O??Doherty ◽  
Deanna P. Bracy ◽  
Daryl K. Granner ◽  
David H. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle

Exercise increases the plasma membrane content of the Na+ -K+ pump and its mRNA in rat skeletal muscles

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 699-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tsakiridis ◽  
P. P. Wong ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
C. D. Rodgers ◽  
M. Vranic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Subunit Mrna ◽  
White Type

Muscle fibers adapt to ionic challenges of exercise by increasing the plasma membrane Na+-K+ pump activity. Chronic exercise training has been shown to increase the total amount of Na+-K+ pumps present in skeletal muscle. However, the mechanism of adaptation of the Na+-K+ pump to an acute bout of exercise has not been determined, and it is not known whether it involves alterations in the content of plasma membrane pump subunits. Here we examine the effect of 1 h of treadmill running (20 m/min, 10% grade) on the subcellular distribution and expression of Na+-K+ pump subunits in rat skeletal muscles. Red type I and IIa (red-I/IIa) and white type IIa and IIb (white-IIa/IIb) hindlimb muscles from resting and exercised female Sprague-Dawley rats were removed for subcellular fractionation. By homogenization and gradient centrifugation, crude membranes and purified plasma membranes were isolated and subjected to gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting by using pump subunit-specific antibodies. Furthermore, mRNA was isolated from specific red type I (red-I) and white type IIb (white-IIb) muscles and subjected to Northern blotting by using subunit-specific probes. In both red-I/IIa and white-IIa/IIb muscles, exercise significantly raised the plasma membrane content of the alpha1-subunit of the pump by 64 +/- 24 and 55 +/- 22%, respectively (P < 0.05), and elevated the alpha2-polypeptide by 43 +/- 22 and 94 +/- 39%, respectively (P < 0.05). No significant effect of exercise could be detected on the amount of these subunits in an internal membrane fraction or in total membranes. In addition, exercise significantly increased the alpha1-subunit mRNA in red-I muscle (by 50 +/- 7%; P < 0.05) and the beta2-subunit mRNA in white-IIb muscles (by 64 +/- 19%; P < 0.01), but the alpha2- and beta1-mRNA levels were unaffected in this time period. We conclude that increased presence of alpha1- and alpha2-polypeptides at the plasma membrane and subsequent elevation of the alpha1- and beta2-subunit mRNAs may be mechanisms by which acute exercise regulates the Na+-K+ pump of skeletal muscle.

Effects of Fermented Drink Intake on Post-exercise Glycogen Restoration in Rat Skeletal Muscle and Liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Shibaguchi ◽  
Rie Ishizawa ◽  
Atsushi Tsuji ◽  
Yuya Yamazaki ◽  
Keizo Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Post Exercise

Insulin increases thermogenesis in rat skeletal muscle following exercise

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. E148-E151
Author(s):  
T. W. Balon ◽  
A. Zorzano ◽  
M. N. Goodman ◽  
N. B. Ruderman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Rat Muscle ◽  
Prior Exercise ◽  
Increase Insulin Secretion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Insulin increased O2 consumption in isolated perfused rat muscle for upward of 2 h after a treadmill run. Insulin did not increase O2 consumption in nonexercised rats, nor did prior exercise increase O2 consumption in the absence of added insulin. The stimulation of glycogen synthesis by insulin was also enhanced in muscle of previously exercised rats. The additional energy required for this was not sufficient to account for the increase in O2 consumption, however. The results indicate that insulin increases thermogenesis in skeletal muscle after exercise. They also raise the possibility that in intact organisms the thermogenic effect of foods that increase insulin secretion could be increased by prior exercise.

Effects of age and exercise on inflammatory cytokines, HSP70 and HSP90 gene expression and protein content in Standardbred horses

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Avenatti ◽  
K.H. McKeever ◽  
D.W. Horohov ◽  
K. Malinowski
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Hsp70 Expression ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Hsp90 Expression ◽  
Young Horses

We hypothesised that the cortisol response to acute exercise, markers of oxidative stress, expression of inflammatory cytokines, heat shock protein (HSP)70 and HSP90 expression in whole blood and skeletal muscle, and HSP70 and HSP90 protein concentrations in skeletal muscle are altered by age and in response to acute submaximal exercise in horses. Young (n=6; 5.5±2.8 year) and aged (n=6; 22.6±2.25 year) unconditioned Standardbred mares underwent an acute submaximal exercise test. Blood samples were collected and analysed for plasma cortisol and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and for cytokine and HSP gene expression pre- and post-exercise. Gluteus medius biopsies were obtained for analysis of cytokine and HSP gene expression pre- and at 0, 4, 24 and 48 h post-exercise. Data were analysed for main effects using a two-way ANOVA for repeated measures. Post-hoc comparisons of means were conducted using Student-Neuman-Keuls for pair-wise multiple comparisons where appropriate. Acute submaximal exercise increased plasma cortisol concentration in both young and aged mares, and the duration of the post-exercise rise in cortisol was altered in aged horses. Plasma MDA concentration and expression of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 were unchanged in blood and muscle. Exercise increased IL-1β expression in whole blood of young and aged mares, with young mares having greater exercise-induced expression at 2 (P<0.001) and 4 (P=0.019) h post-exercise. Both young and aged horses had increased HSP70 expression in whole blood following acute exercise, with young horses exhibiting 3-fold greater HSP70 expression than aged mares at 2 h post-exercise. HSP90 expression in whole blood following exercise was increased only in young horses. Both young and aged horses had increased HSP90 expression in skeletal muscle following exercise, but there was no difference due to age. However, the timing of HSP70 expression was different between young and aged horses. The age-related changes in cortisol and IL-1β expression following acute submaximal exercise can have implications for energy homeostasis and the adaption to such disturbances at a cellular and whole animal level. Quantification of HSP expression in whole blood may be a useful biomarker, with implications for cellular adaptation and survival in aged horses.

scholarly journals Alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidylpeptidase IV staining of tissue components of skeletal muscle: a comparative study.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1907-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Grim ◽  
B M Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Dipeptidylpeptidase Iv ◽  
Dpp Iv ◽  
Intramuscular Nerves ◽  
Interspecies Variability

A combined alkaline phosphatase (AP) and dipeptidlypeptidase IV (DPP IV) staining reaction has demonstrated enzymatic heterogeneity of the arterial and venous segments of capillaries in rat skeletal muscle. This study compared the staining reactions of skeletal muscles in many commonly used laboratory animals, including the axolotl, chick, quail, Monodelphys, rat, mouse, hamster, guinea pig, rabbit, dog, monkey, and human. DPP IV activity was found in the venous ends of the capillaries and in the endothelium of some larger veins in many of the species but was never demonstrated in the arterial side of the circulation. AP was found in the arterial ends of capillaries in all species except the axolotl, and it was also found in the endothelium of larger arteries of most species. AP activity was absent in venous endothelium of all species except for birds and Monodelphys. DPP IV activity was found in the perineurium of intramuscular nerves of most species, and AP activity was commonly seen in tendons and intramuscular connective tissue. The interspecies variability found in this study shows that care must be taken in comparing experimental data involving this technique from one species to another, but within a species the technique allows a fine level of discrimination between functionally distinct compounds of skeletal muscle tissue.

scholarly journals Acute exercise increases the number of plasma membrane glucose transporters in rat skeletal muscle

FEBS Letters ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 238 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Hirshman ◽  
Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson ◽  
Lawrence J. Wardzala ◽  
Elizabeth D. Horton ◽  
Edward S. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Glucose Transporters ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle
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