scholarly journals Use of Electrogastrography in Preclinical Studies of Cholinergic and Anticholinergic Agents in Experimental Pigs

2015 ◽  
pp. S647-S652 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. KVĚTINA ◽  
I. TACHECÍ ◽  
M. PAVLÍK ◽  
M. KOPÁČOVÁ ◽  
S. REJCHRT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Anticholinergic Agents ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Experimental Pigs

Electrogastrography (EGG) is a non-invasive method for the assessment of gastric myoelectrical activity. Porcine EGG is comparable with human one. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of atropine and neostigmine on the EGG in experimental pigs. Adult female pigs were administrated atropine (1.5 mg i.m., n=6) and neostigmine (0.5 mg i.m., n=6) after the baseline EGG, followed by a 90-min trial recording (MMS, Enschede, the Netherlands). Running spectral analysis was used for the evaluation. The results were expressed as dominant frequency of slow waves and EGG power (areas of amplitudes). Neostigmine increased continuously the dominant frequency and decreased significantly the EGG power. Atropine did not change the dominant frequency significantly. However, atropine increased significantly the EGG power (areas of amplitudes) from basal values to the maximum at the 10-20-min interval. After that period, the areas of amplitudes decreased significantly to the lowest values at the 60-90-min interval. In conclusion, cholinergic and anticholinergic agents affect differently EGG in experimental pigs.

Effects of meal volume and composition on gastric myoelectrical activity

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (2) ◽  
pp. G430-G434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Levanon ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
William C. Orr ◽  
J. D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Standard Meal ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Gastric Slow Waves ◽  
Food Properties ◽  
Postprandial Motility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effect Of Food

The absence of a standard meal in electrogastrography may limit its clinical significance. Different meals may fail to produce the expected postprandial motility pattern. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of meal volume and composition on postprandial myoelectrical activity. Fourteen healthy subjects were given four meals that differed from a “reference meal” in one single parameter (volume, calorie, or fiber content). Gastric myoelectrical activity was measured using surface electrogastrography. Spectral and statistical analyses were performed to investigate the effect of food properties on electrogastrogram (EGG) parameters. It was found that the reference meal produced a postprandial increase in the dominant frequency ( P < 0.007), dominant power ( P < 0.04), and percentage of normal 2–4 cycle/min gastric slow waves ( P > 0.05). Similar changes were observed with the low-volume and high-fiber meals but not with the reduced-calorie meal. Fasting EGG parameters in all four sessions showed no significant difference. It was concluded that low-calorie meals do not result in expected postprandial physiological responses and thus are not appropriate for EGG tests. A volume reduction of down to one-half the volume of a regular meal does not affect postprandial changes of the EGG; thus a condensed test meal may be recommended for symptomatic patients.

scholarly journals Lessons Learned: Gastric Motility Assessment During Driving Simulation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad B. Popović ◽  
Nadica Miljković ◽  
Kristina Stojmenova ◽  
Grega Jakus ◽  
Milana Prodanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Driving Simulation ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Testing Environment ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Transportation Technologies

In the era of technological advances and innovations in transportation technologies, application of driving simulators for the investigation and assessment of the driving process provides a safe and suitable testing environment. Although driving simulators are crucial for further improvements in transportation, it is important to resolve one of their main disadvantages–simulator sickness. Therefore, suitable methods for the assessment of simulator sickness are required. The main aim of this paper was to present a non-invasive method for assessing simulator sickness by recording gastric myoelectrical activity–electrogastrography. Open-source hardware for electrogastrography together with recordings obtained in 13 healthy volunteers is presented, and the main aspects of signal processing for artifact cancellation and feature extraction were discussed. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that slow-wave electrical gastric activity can be recorded during driving simulation by following adequate recommendations and that proposed features could be beneficial in describing non-ordinary electrogastrography signals.

Effects of intraduodenal glucose infusion on gastric myoelectrical activity and antropyloroduodenal motility

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. G1038-G1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. M. T. Verhagen ◽  
M. Samsom ◽  
A. J. P. M. Smout
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Motility Index ◽  
Antral Motility ◽  
Pyloric Tone ◽  
Pyloric Motility

Intraduodenal nutrient infusions cause an inhibition of antral motility and an increase in pyloric motility. The involvement of gastric myoelectrical activity in this intestinogastric feedback was studied. Electrogastrography and antropyloroduodenal manometry were performed in 10 healthy volunteers. The effects of 20-min infusions of 25% glucose (4 kcal/min) and saline were compared. Intraduodenal glucose infusions caused a decrease in the power of the dominant frequency in the electrogastrogram ( P = 0.028), but the frequency itself remained unchanged. The total number of dysrhythmias increased ( P = 0.035). An inhibition of antral motor activity ( P = 0.001), an increase in the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves ( P = 0.027), and an increase in basal pyloric tone ( P = 0.001) were simultaneously recorded. The change in power during glucose infusion correlated positively with the change in the antral motility index ( rs= 0.50, P = 0.001). It is concluded that inhibition of gastric myoelectrical activity is one of the mechanisms underlying an inhibition of motor activity in the gastric antrum.

The effect of different doses of atropine on gastric myoelectrical activity in fasting experimental pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bures ◽  
Jaroslav Kvetina ◽  
Ilja Tacheci ◽  
Michal Pavlik ◽  
Martin Kunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Experimental Pigs

scholarly journals Non-invasive smooth muscle electromyography (SMEMG) as a novel monitoring technology of the gastrointestinal tract of awake, free-moving pigs—A pilot study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257311
Author(s):  
Katalin Nagy ◽  
Hedvig Fébel ◽  
George Bazar ◽  
György Grosz ◽  
Róbert Gáspár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Fast Fourier Transformation ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

There are several mathematical models and measurements to determine the efficiency of the digestibility of different feedstuffs. However, there is lack of information regarding the direct methods or measurement techniques used to analyse the physical response of the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of growing pigs to different diets. Smooth muscle electromyography (SMEMG) is a non-invasive method for the measurement of gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity. In the present study, SMEMG methodology has been adapted from laboratory rats to pigs, and the effects of feedstuffs with control (CTR) or experimentally increased (EXP) amounts of fibre were investigated on gastrointestinal tract motility. Nine barrow pigs ((Danish Landrace × Danish Yorkshire) × Danish Duroc) were used (30 ± 3 kg), and their CTR and EXP feedstuffs contained 29 and 49 g/kg crude fibre (CF), respectively. Myoelectric activities of the stomach, ileum and caecum were detected in the awake pigs by a pair of electrodes. The recorded myoelectric signals were analysed with fast Fourier transformation (FFT), and the spectra were expressed in GIT section-specific cycles per minutes (cpm) values and the maximum power spectrum density (PsDmax). A significant increase (P < 0.001) was observed in the value of the PsDmax of the small intestine (20–25 cpm) as a consequence of the EXP diet. The PsDmax values of the stomach (3–5 cpm) and large intestine (1–3 cpm) did not show any significant change in pigs fed the EXP diet. As a direct and non-invasive method, SMEMG is suitable for the rapid evaluation of the effects of diets with different fibre contents on the GIT of non-anaesthetised, free-moving pigs.

scholarly journals M2053 Spectral Analysis of the Dominant Frequency of Upper GI Motility-Assessment of Invasive Versus Non-Invasive Techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-467
Author(s):  
Whitney Michalek ◽  
Henry P. Parkman ◽  
Bemina Rohde ◽  
Paul E. Buckley ◽  
Judy Powers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Gi Motility

Development of gastric slow waves in preterm infants measured by electrogastrography

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (3) ◽  
pp. G503-G508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liang ◽  
Edward Co ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Josef Pineda ◽  
J. D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Gastric Slow Waves ◽  
Follow Up Studies

The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental process of gastric myoelectrical activity (GMA) in preterm infants. Nineteen healthy preterm infants were studied. GMA was recorded using surface electrogastrography, and six follow-up studies were performed in each subject. Spectral analysis methods were applied to compute the parameters of the electrogastrogram (EGG). The results showed that there was a developmental process of GMA with age during the first 6 mo of life. 1) The percentage of normal slow waves showed a progressive increase after birth (36.7 ± 6.1, 37.8 ± 6.2, 47.0 ± 10.0, 52.2 ± 12.2, 55.2 ± 9.7, and 65.8 ± 13.5% at 1 and 2 wk and 1, 2, 4, and 6 mo, respectively); 2) there was a significant postprandial increase in the percentage of normal slow waves during the first 2 mo after birth; and 3) the percentages of normal slow waves for different gestation ages were not statistically significant. In conclusion, the percentage of normal slow waves is low at birth and there is a developmental process that may be stimulated by enteral feeding.

scholarly journals Gastric myoelectrical activity in neonates of different gestational ages by means of electrogastrography

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Roberto Precioso ◽  
Gilberto R. Pereira ◽  
Flávio Adolfo Costa Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Premature Neonates ◽  
Group I

PURPOSE: to describe the patterns of the gastric myoelectrical activity, pre-and postprandially, in clinically stable neonates of different gestational ages, during their first two weeks of life by means of Electrogastrography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Electrogastrography was recorded in forty-five clinically stable neonates of different gestational ages (group I: 15 neonates of > 37 weeks, group II: 15 premature neonates of 32-37 weeks; Group III: 15 premature neonates of 28-31 weeks) receiving intermittent enteral feedings during their first two weeks of life. Electrogastrography recordings were performed for 1 hour pre-and postprandially. The Electrogastrography signal was recorded using the portable MicroDigitrapper Electrogastrography recording device and after motion artifacts were deleted, the remaining Electrogastrography data were submitted to quantitative analysis based on the "Running Spectrum Analysis". RESULTS: The percentages of normogastria, pre-and postprandially were greater than the percentages of gastric dysrythmias in all three studied groups. Furthermore, all neonates had the mean values of the Electrogastrography dominant frequency predominantly within the normogastria range, in both periods analyzed. There were no significant differences in the relative change of the Electrogastrography dominant power among the groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the Electrogastrography patterns are similar between premature and full term neonates during the pre-and postprandial periods. The results of this study also indicate that the gastric myoelectrical activity in premature and full term neonates is immature, as compared to that described for older neonates, children and adults.

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