scholarly journals Microcirculation in Pregnancy

2014 ◽  
pp. 395-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. ABDO ◽  
R. B. GEORGE ◽  
M. FARRAG ◽  
V. CERNY ◽  
C. LEHMANN
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation ◽  
Physiological Systems ◽  
In Pregnancy

The microcirculation, like all physiological systems undergoes modifications during the course of pregnancy. These changes aid the adaption to the new anatomical and physiological environment of pregnancy and ensure adequate oxygen supply to the fetus. Even though the microcirculation is believed to be involved in major pregnancy related pathologies, it remains poorly understood. The availability of safe and non-interventional technologies enabling scientists to study the intact microcirculation of the pregnant patient will hopefully expand our understanding. In this article we review the physiological changes occurring in the microcirculation during pregnancy and the role of the microcirculation in gestational related pathologies. We will also describe the available techniques for the measurement and evaluation of the microcirculation. Lastly we will highlight the possible fields in which these techniques could be utilized to help provide a clearer view of the microcirculation in the pregnant woman.

General Management Principles of the Pregnant Woman

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Margaret Miller ◽  
Amanpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Patient Positioning ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
General Management ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractPregnancy is a dynamic process that consists of profound physiological changes mediated by hormonal, mechanical, and circulatory pathways. Understanding of changes in physiology is essential for distinguishing abnormal and normal signs and symptoms in a pregnant patient. These physiological changes also have important pharmacotherapeutic considerations for a pregnant patient. Although there are limited data to guide decisions regarding medications and diagnostic procedures in pregnancy, a careful review of risks should be balanced with review of risk of withholding a medication or procedure. Interventional pulmonary procedures can be safely performed in pregnant women while keeping in mind the maternal anatomic and physiologic changes. Furthermore, management of a maternal cardiopulmonary arrest requires important modifications in patient positioning and intravenous access to ensure adequate efficacy of chest compressions, circulation, and airway management. This review will provide an overview of maternal physiologic changes with a focus on cardiopulmonary physiology, pharmacotherapeutic considerations, diagnostic and interventional pulmonary procedures during pregnancy, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Gastric Cancer in Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2681-2683
Author(s):  
Aneta Tomescu ◽  
Cezar Tomescu ◽  
Mariana Aschie ◽  
Gabriela Stanciu ◽  
Rodica Sirbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Cancer In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Gastric cancer is an uncommon occurrence in pregnancy, but its prognosis is grim. The co-occurrence of these two symptoms makes it almost impossible for one to suspect a diagnosis of gastric cancer in a pregnant woman. Herein, we present the case of a pregnant patient, diagnosed with gastric cancer at a gestational age of 24 weeks.

Sepsis in obstetrics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuala Lucas ◽  
Colleen D. Acosta ◽  
Marian Knight
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Surviving Sepsis Campaign ◽  
Fetal Demise ◽  
Major Morbidity ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Maternal Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
In Pregnancy

Sepsis in pregnancy and the puerperium remains a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Major morbidity arising as a result of obstetric sepsis includes fetal demise, organ failure, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, bilateral tubal occlusion, and infertility. Sepsis may arise at any time during pregnancy and the puerperium. Prior to the advent of routine prophylactic antibiotics for caesarean delivery, endometritis used to be a major cause of postpartum infection. Diagnosis can be difficult as the physiological changes of pregnancy can overlap significantly with the pathophysiology of sepsis. The clinician must often rely on a high index of clinical suspicion rather than objective criteria. Women at risk of infection should be identified early in pregnancy. Management of the septic pregnant patient must encompass resuscitation, identification, and treatment of the source of sepsis and management of complications such as hypotension and tissue hypoxia. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommend that sepsis should be managed in accordance with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines. Anaesthetists have broad experience in all the elements required to care for a sick parturient and obstetric anaesthetists are key members of the team required to successfully manage these women.

scholarly journals Urological issues in pregnancy: A review for urologists

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua White ◽  
Jesse Ory ◽  
Andrea G. Lantz Powers ◽  
Michael Ordon ◽  
Jamie Kroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Placenta Percreta ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Clinical Dilemma ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
In Pregnancy

Urological issues in the pregnant patient present a unique clinical dilemma. These patients may be challenging to treat due to risks associated with medications and surgical procedures. This review aims to provide an update on the physiological changes and surgical risks in pregnancy. In addition, we review the approach for management of urolithiasis and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnancy. Lastly, we highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to placenta percreta, a condition not commonly addressed in urological education.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Activity in Hypothermia and Rewarming: Can RONS Modulate the Beneficial Effects of Therapeutic Hypothermia?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Alva ◽  
Jesús Palomeque ◽  
Teresa Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Physiological Systems

Hypothermia is a condition in which core temperature drops below the level necessary to maintain bodily functions. The decrease in temperature may disrupt some physiological systems of the body, including alterations in microcirculation and reduction of oxygen supply to tissues. The lack of oxygen can induce the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen free radicals (RONS), followed by oxidative stress, and finally, apoptosis and/or necrosis. Furthermore, since the hypothermia is inevitably followed by a rewarming process, we should also consider its effects. Despite hypothermia and rewarming inducing injury, many benefits of hypothermia have been demonstrated when used to preserve brain, cardiac, hepatic, and intestinal function against ischemic injury. This review gives an overview of the effects of hypothermia and rewarming on the oxidant/antioxidant balance and provides hypothesis for the role of reactive oxygen species in therapeutic hypothermia.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Causing Persistent Cacosmia In A pregnant Patient: First Case Report.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Okar ◽  
Eman Abdelkarim ◽  
Rasha Moussa ◽  
Muna Aseel
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Infection Monitoring ◽  
In Pregnancy

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were prescribed in COVID-19 infection. Monitoring and early detection for COVID-19 infection in pregnancy is essential. Keeping rare presentations and the impact they have on the pregnancy in mind is crucial.This is the first case of pregnant woman who had cacosmia as persistent symptoms after infection

Role of Shunthi Bilwa Kwatha with Yava Saktu in Garbhini Chardi - A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Doijode ◽  
Sridevi Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Oral Route ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Altered Physiology ◽  
The One ◽  
In Pregnancy

Garbhini Chardi (vomiting in pregnancy) is a common symptom in obstetrics practice. The patient complains of nausea and occasional sickness on rising in the morning. It may however occur at other times of the day. Pregnancy is essentially a physiological process. In early months of pregnancy altered physiology initiates vomiting. As a result certain physiological changes take place among which Garbhini Chardi or emesis gravidarum is one. Garbhini Chardi is mentioned as Vyakta Garbha Laxana along with other Laxanas. While explaining regarding chikitsa in Garbhini, Acharyas have mentioned that she should be given things which are easily palatable, Hrudya and the one which is liked by her. Ayurvedic classics has described many formulations for management of Garbhini Chardi. In this study Shunthi Bilwa Kwatha with Yavasaktu has been evaluated for its efficacy in the management of Garbhini Chardi. It will be given for 45 days duration as a dose of 30-50 ml bd by oral route, before food, and follow up for 15 days once. A patient is assessed clinically, pathologically before and after treatment and the finally the result were analysed.

scholarly journals Implications for Reward Processing in Differential Responses to Loss: Impacts on Attachment Hierarchy Reorganization

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie S. LeRoy ◽  
C. Raymond Knee ◽  
Jaye L. Derrick ◽  
Christopher P. Fagundes
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Process ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Attachment Relationship ◽  
Attachment Figure ◽  
Physiological Systems

When an attachment relationship is severed, so is homeostatic maintenance, leading to dysregulation of multiple physiological systems. Expanding upon Sbarra and Hazan’s original model, we suggest that the degree to which an individual’s physiological systems remain dysregulated depends on the state of one’s attachment hierarchy—namely, whether an individual continues to seek a lost partner for support as their primary attachment figure. To recover from the loss of a romantic partner, an individual’s attachment hierarchy must be reorganized. Our model proposes that an individual will go through a series of physiological changes before their attachment hierarchy is reorganized, which can either help or hinder their recovery. We consider the role of reward processing, including endogenous opioids, in this recovery process. Along the way, we identify mechanisms for continued dysregulation of biological systems among those who take longer to recover from a loss.

Renal disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-220
Author(s):  
Charlotte Frise ◽  
Sally Collins
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Renal Size ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Increased Blood Flow ◽  
In Pregnancy

This chapter begins by describing the normal physiological changes that occur in pregnancy, including changes in tubular function, increased renal size, and increased blood flow. It then describes management strategies in a range of renal disorders, including haematuria, proteinuria, urinary tract infections, and both acute and chronic kidney disease. Hyperkalaemia, dialysis (and haemodialysis in pregnancy), transplantation, and medications suitable for use in the pregnant patient are all described, among others.

Multiple embolizations of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations during pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria J. Hill ◽  
Caroline Martinello ◽  
Luis D. Pacheco ◽  
Rakesh B. Vadhera ◽  
Sunil K. Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractPulmonary arteriovenous malformations in a pregnant patient are rare and can cause deleterious, life-threatening complications. We report a patient with multiple pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, with the subsequent diagnosis of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, requiring multiple embolizations during pregnancy. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations can carry a high risk of morbidity in the pregnant woman; however, they can be safely treated in pregnancy.

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