scholarly journals HYPNOANXIETY AS AN ALTERNATIVE THERAPY TO REDUCE ANXIETY IN PRIMIGRAVIDA MOTHERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Nurul Jannah ◽  
Hadi Hadi ◽  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Soeharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Diyah Fatmasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Midwifery Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
And Control

Background: Anxiety among primigravida mothers should be handled to avoid the risks during pregnancy. Hypnotherapy is considered to be a solution, however, there is limited studies to see its effect for anxiety, especially in primipara mothers.Objective: To examine the effect of hypnoanxiety on the level of anxiety in primigravida.Methods: This was a Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) with pretest-posttest design, conducted between September – October 2016 in the working area of the Health Center of Bergas Semarang, Indonesia. There were 40 respondents recruited using simple random sampling, which divided into intervention and control group. Hypnoanxiety was performed 8 times for 4 weeks. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) was used to measure anxiety in pregnant women. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney test and Kruskal waliis test.Results: Findings showed that after four weeks intervention, there was a decrease of the level of anxiety in the intervention group, consisted of 25% of moderate anxiety, 40% of mild anxiety, and 35 % of respondents had no anxiety. The p-value was 0.005, which indicated that there was mean difference of anxiety level between intervention and control group.Conclusions: There was a significant effect of hypnoanxiety on the level of anxiety in pregnant women. It is suggested that hypnoanxiety could be one of the alternative therapies to reduce the anxiety among prenant women. This could be considered to be included in the standard of midwifery care in Indonesia.

Pengaruh Breathing Retraining Terhadap Peningkatan Fungsi Ventilasi Paru Pada Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien PPOK

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Faridah Aini ◽  
Ratna Sitorus ◽  
Budiharto Budiharto
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Breathing Retraining ◽  
And Control

AbstrakPenelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan control group pretest-posttest ini bertujuan menjelaskan pengaruh breathing retraining terhadap peningkatan fungsi ventilasi paru pada pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) di sebuah rumah sakit di Jakarta. Sampel berjumlah 34 pasien yang diambil secara simple random sampling (masing-masing 17 pasien untuk kelompok intervensi dan kontrol). Rerata nilai fungsi ventilasi paru pasien PPOK berbeda bermakna antara sebelum dan sesudah intervensi breathing retraining selama enam hari (p value = 0.000). Rerata nilai fungsi ventilasi paru pasien PPOK setelah intervensi antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol berbeda secara signifikan (p value = 0.012). Peningkatan nilai fungsi ventilasi paru berhubungan dengan usia (p value = 0.001), tetapi tidak ditemukan berhubungan dengan tinggi badan (p value = 0.091) dan jenis kelamin (p value = 0.346). Breathing retraining dapat diterapkan pada pasien PPOK untuk meningkatkan fungsi ventilasi paru. AbstractThe aim of the research was to explain about the influence of breathing retraining to the increasing of lung ventilation function for nursing care of theCOPD patients at a Hospital in Jakarta. The reseach design was quasi experiment with control group pretest-postest design. Total 34 patients (17 subjects for each group, intervention and control group) were included by a simple random sampling method. A breathing retraining was given to the intervention group for 6 days. The finding showed that the average of the COPD patient’s lung ventilation was significantly different before and after breathing retraining (p value = 0.000). The average score of the COPD patient’s lung ventilation after breathing retraining between intervention group and control group was also significantly different (p value = 0.012). There was significant relationship between age and increased lung ventilation function (p value = 0.001). However, no relationship found between body height and increased lung fuction (p value = 0.091) and between gender and lung ventilation function (p value = 0.346). The research suggested to implement the breathing retraining to increase the lung ventilation function of the CPOD patients.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AUDIO THERAPY USING AL-QUR'AN MURROTAL ON BEHAVIOR DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-477
Author(s):  
Anjar Astuti ◽  
Suryono Suryono ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati ◽  
Ari Suwondo ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Audio therapy is considered as one of the complementary therapies to improve the behavior of children with autism.Objective: This study was to analysis the effectiveness of the Al-Qur'an murrotal audio therapy on behavioral development in children with autism.Methods: This study was a true-experimental research using pretest and posttest approach with control group. This research was conducted on November 2016 in the Autism Foundation of Semarang City. There were 30 samples were selected using simple random sampling, with 15 samples assigned in the experiment and control group. Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis in this study.Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean of behavioral development after given intervention between the experiment group and control group with p-value 0.034 (<0.05). The mean of behavioral development in the experiment group (4.53) was higher than the mean in the control group (3.47).Conclusion: The Al-Qur'an murrotal audio therapy is effective to develop behavior of children with autism. Therefore, it is expected that this audio therapy can be applied an alternative therapy for children with autism.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PRENATAL GENTLE YOGA AND HYPNOTHERAPY ON ANXIETY LEVEL AND SLEEP QUALITY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMAN AT PUSKESMAS SUMBER CIREBON REGENCY IN 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Nurlaela Kurnia Rahayu ◽  
Pepi Hapitria ◽  
Rani Widiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Control

As the pregnancy gets older, the attention and thoughts of pregnant women begin to focus on something that is considered as a climax, so that the anxiety experienced will intensify just before the childbirth. Excessive anxiety and sleep disorders during pregnancy can cause mental disorders in pregnant women and inhibit fetal growth. To determine the effect of prenatal gentle yoga and hypnotherapy on anxiety level and sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women. This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test with a control group. The sample was 32 respondents consisting of 16 respondents as an intervention group and 16 respondents as a control group taken by purposive sampling. The analysis used was the Paired T-test. There is a difference in the average of anxiety level in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,000; there is a difference in the average of sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,000; and there is no difference in the average of anxiety level and sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,64. Prenatal Gentle Yoga and Hypnotherapy have an effect in reducing the anxiety level and improving the sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pendampingan Minum Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) Oleh Kader Posyandu terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hb Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Kota Palangka Raya

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Seri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Anemia is one of the indirect causes of maternal mortality. The Government of Indonesia has made efforts to overcome anemia, including by giving iron tablets to pregnant women. To improve maternal compliance in consuming iron tablet healthcare workers should include family/cadres in the supervision of food and medicine. This study aims to know the effectiveness of accompaniment drinking iron tablet By Cadres Against Increasing Hb Level of Pregnant Women at Puskesmas Kota Palangka Raya. This research is a quasi-experimental design using "nonrandomized control group pretest-posttest design" approach. Sampling technique total sampling is with the number of samples of 62 people divided into 2 groups, 31 intervention groups, and 31 control groups. In the intervention group involving cadres as moderate blood-boosting drink companions in the control group without blood-boosting companions. The analysis technique used for the intervention and control group is using the Wilcoxon test. The result of intervention group statistic test get p-value = 0,000 (

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Kombinasi Self Help Group dan Penggunaan Mobile Messaging Apps terhadap Kualitas Hidup Klien Gagal Ginjal Kronik di Ruang Hemodialisa RST dr. Reksodiwiryo Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Yanti Nopita ◽  
Susmiati Susmiati ◽  
Emil Huraini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Self Help Group

Hemodialysis is a kidney replacement therapy for clients with chronic renal failure. Hemodialysis therapy helps the client's survival, but on the other hand the client will experience various problems including psychosocial problems, which ultimately affect the client's quality of life. Self Help Group is a social support therapy and the Mobile Messaging Apps (WhatsApp) application can be used in Self Help Group. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of implementing a combination of Self Help Group and the use of Mobile Messaging Apps on the quality of life of clients with chronic kidney failure. The research design was quasy experiment with pre and post test design with control group, the sampling technique was simple random sampling. The research sample consisted of 42 people, consisting of 21 respondents in the control group and 21 in the intervention group. The test results showed the effect of implementing a combination of Self Help Group and the use of Mobile Messaging Apps on the quality of life of clients with p value < 0.05. It is recommended that Self Help Group and the use of WhatsApp be implemented as part of nursing interventions in nursing care. Keywords: mobile messaging apps; quality of life; self help group ABSTRAK Hemodialisa merupakan salah satu terapi pengganti ginjal bagi klien gagal ginjal kronik. Terapi hemodialisa membantu kelangsungan hidup klien, namun di sisi lain klien akan mengalami berbagai masalah termasuk masalah psikososial, yang pada akhirnya mempengaruhi kualitas hidup klien. Self Help Group adalah salah satu terapi dukungan sosial dan aplikasi Mobile Messaging Apps (WhatsApp) aplikasi yang dapat digunakan dalam Self Help Group. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan kombinasi Self Help Group dan penggunaan Mobile Messaging Apps terhadap kualitas hidup klien gagal ginjal kronik. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasy experiment dengan rancangan pre and post test with control group, teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 42 orang terdiri dari 21 responden kelompok kontrol dan 21 kelompok intervensi. Hasil uji menunjukkan adanya pengaruh penerapan kombinasi Self Help Group dan penggunaan Mobile Messaging Apps terhadap kualitas hidup klien dengan p value < 0,05. Direkomendasikan Self Help Group dan penggunaan WhatsApp diterapkan sebagai bagian intervensi keperawatan dalam asuhan keperawatan. Kata kunci: mobile messaging apps; kualitas hidup; self help group

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CONSUMING PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA LINN.) ON THE LEVEL OF HEMOGLOBIN AND HEMATOCRIT IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANEMIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Choralina Eliagita ◽  
Tjahjono Kuntjoro ◽  
Sri Sumarni ◽  
Ari Suwondo ◽  
Soeharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hematocrit Level ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was still high in Indonesia, especially in Bengkulu. Consuming papaya is considered as one of the solutions to increase hemoglobin and hematocrit level.Objective: This study aims to examine the effect of consuming papaya on the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit in pregnant women.Methods: This study employed a true experiment with randomized pretest and posttest design with control group. There were 42 respondents recruited in this study using simple random sampling. Randomization was performed to divide the samples into two groups, namely 21 respondents in the treatment group and 21 respondents in the control group. A total of 110 grams of papaya was given to the intervention group every day for 14 days.  Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and independent t-test.Result: There was a significant effect of consuming papaya on the hemoglobin and hematocrit level with p-value 0.000 (< .05). The mean difference between two groups showed that hemoglobin level (control group 10.010 gr/dL; intervention group 10.838 gr/dL) and hematocrit level (control group 27.43 %; intervention group 30.10 %).Conclusion: Consuming papaya has a significant effect on changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. It is suggested that consuming papaya should be one of alternative treatment for midwives to prevent anemia in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Hipnoterapi dapat Mengurangi Derajat Emesis pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Bram Burmanajaya ◽  
Agustina Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test

Secara psikologis 80% wanita hamil yang mengalami emesis mempengaruhi kualitas hidup mereka. Selama trimester pertama wanita menjadi ambivalen. Sekitar 80% wanita mengalami kekecewaan, penolakan, kecemasan, depresi, dan kesedihan akibat ketidaknyamanan karena mengalami mual dan muntah pada trimester pertama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana pengaruh hipnoterapi dalam mengurangi emesis pada wanita hamil trimester pertama di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gang Kelor Bogor. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain "Quasi eksperimental pre-post test dengan kelompok kontrol" dan intervensi "hipnoterapi". Penentuan sampel dengan teknik simple random sampling, sebanyak 60 orang terdiri dari 30 orang untuk kelompok intervensi dan 30 orang untuk kelompok kontrol selama 5 bulan. Emesis diukur dengan menggunakan skala Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE-24) sebelum dan sesudah hipnoterapi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat, yaitu T Dependent dan Independent T test.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hipnoterapi memiliki efek yang signifikan pada penurunan tingkat emisisibu hamil pada trimester pertama (p = <0,05). Hipnoterapi sangat dianjurkan untuk wanita hamil yang mengalami emesis. Kata kunci: hipnoterapi, emesis gravidarum, ibuhamil, trimester pertama HYPNOTHERAPY CAN REDUCE THE DEGREE OF EMESIS IN FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMEN ABSTRACTPsychologically 80% of pregnant women who experience emesis affect their quality of life. During the first trimester the woman becomes ambivalent. About 80% of women experience disappointment, rejection, anxiety, depression, and sadness due to discomfort due to nausea and vomiting in the first trimester. This study aims to determine the extent of the influence of hypnotherapy in reducing emesis in first trimester pregnant women in the work area of the Gang KelorHealth Center in Bogor. This research is a quantitative study with the design of "Quasi experimentalpre-post test with control group" and "hypnotherapy" intervention. Determination of the sample with simple random sampling technique, as many as 60 people consisting of 30 people for the intervention group and 30 people for the control group for 5 months. Emesis is measured using the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE-24) scale before and after hypnotherapy. Data wereanalyzedusingunivariate and bivariateanalysis, namely the T Dependent and Independent T tests. The results showed that hypnotherapy had a significant effect on reducing the level of emission of pregnant women in the first trimester (p = <0.05). Hypnotherapy is highly recommended for pregnant women who experience emesis. Keywords: hypnotherapy, emesisgravidarum, pregnantwomen, first trimester

scholarly journals Analisis Olah Raga Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Penderita Diabetes Melitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atik Setiawan Wahyuningsih ◽  
Maria Putri Sari Utami
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Patient ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
And Control

Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that is expected to increase. Lifestyle management is one method to control blood sugar. Exercise regularly can increase insulin sensitivity so that it can help and control blood sugar levels.The purpose was to analyze exercise on blood glucose level of people with diabetes mellitus. Research design was posttest only with control. Population research was diabetes mellitus patient at Puskesmas Ngawi Ngawi District in 2017, used simple random sampling were 82 respondents (41 respondents of control group and 41 respondent of intervention group).Used Mann-Whitney nonparametric statistical test.The results of this study obtained data with average blood sugar levels control group after exercise uncontrolled and average. Data analysis used Mann-Whitney result of p-value 0,000 and value of Z equal to -7,102 which mean there was difference of group blood sugar level.Exercise with high intensity can damage blood sugar levels. Food, consumption of soft drinks and alcohol needs to be considered because it can interfered with the metabolism in the body that can affect blood sugar levels by considering the four pillars of diabetes mellitus management. Keywords: Exercise, Blood Sugar Level, Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF HONEY ON CHANGE IN NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH POOR NUTRITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Harmiyati Harmiyati ◽  
Ariawan Soejoenoes ◽  
Sri Wahyuni M ◽  
Kun Aristiati ◽  
Soeharyo Hadisaputro
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Z Score ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Background: Toddlers are vulnerable groups to malnutrition. Thus, to maintain their nutritional status is needed. Honey is considered having health benefits that might increase the nutritional status in children. However, little is known about the impact of honey on nutritional change in Sumbawa. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of honey on changes in nutritional status in children with poor nutrition in the area of the Health Center of Lopok, Sumbawa IndonesiaMethods: This study employed a quasi experiment design with pretest-posttest with control group. The total sample in this study were 60 children recruited by simple random sampling, divided into 2 groups, namely 30 children in intervention group and 30 children in control group. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney and linear regression test. Results: Findings showed that there were significant mean differences between the intervention and control group in term of weight (intervention 1.316; control 0.903), height (intervention 1.586; control 1.030), weight-for-height (W/H) z-score (intervention 0.713; control 0.595), weight-for-age (W/A) z-score (intervention 0.717; control 0.531), and height-for-age (H/A) z-score (intervention 0.847; control 0.423) with p-value < 0.05.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of honey on changes in nutritional status in children with poor nutrition. It is suggested that health providers may use honey to deal with children under nutrition to increase their appetite and change their nutritional status.

scholarly journals PENDAMPINGAN MAHASISWA DAN PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN, NIFAS DAN BAYI BARU LAHIR DI TUJUH KABUPATEN/KOTA DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
Suparmi Suparmi ◽  
Siti Masitoh ◽  
Anissa Rizkianti ◽  
Iram Barida Maisya ◽  
Ika Saptarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Danger Sign ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Reducing maternal and neonatal mortality still have many challenges. One of the Ministry of Health’s strategy is to collaborate with universities through the assitance of pregnant women by students. This study aims to determine the effect of students’mentoring on increasing knowledge of pregnant women on dangerous sign of pregnancy, postnatal and newborns. The study is an operational research with quasi-experimental design that was conducted in seven districts/cities in Indonesia. Two Puskesmas were chosen for each district and it categorized as intervention and control group with the number of samples was 280 pregnant women for each group. The results of pre-test showed no difference in the level of knowledge about the dangerous signs of pregnancy, postnatal and newborns between the intervention and control groups, but after mentoring there were significant differences (p-value <0.001). The logistic regression results show that mothers in the intervention group had a 33% higher chance of having good knowledge about the dangerous signs of pregnancy; 92% higher knowledge about dangerous signs of postnatal and 78% higher knowledge about dangerous signs of newborns compared to control group. Therefore, student mentoring can be used as an alternative method of delivering information to increase the knowledge of pregnant women. Keywords: Mentoring, pregnant women, students, danger sign of pregnancy, postnatal, newborn   ABSTRAK Upaya penurunan angka kematian ibu dan bayi baru lahir masih memiliki banyak tantangan. Salah satu strategi Kementerian Kesehatan adalah berkolaborasi dengan Perguruan Tinggi melalui kegiatan pendampingan ibu hamil oleh mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendampingan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang bahaya kehamilan, nifas dan bayi baru lahir. Penelitian ini merupakan riset operasional berdesain quasi experiment yang dilaksanakan di tujuh Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia. Tiap Kabupaten/Kota dipilih dua Puskesmas, satu Puskesmas sebagai lokasi intervensi dan satu Puskesmas lain sebagai kontrol. Besar sampel adalah 280 orang ibu hamil pada masing-masing kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Hasil pretest menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan tanda bahaya kehamilan, nifas dan bayi baru lahir diantara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol, namun setelah pendampingan terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p-value <0.001). Hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa ibu di kelompok intervensi memiliki peluang 33% lebih tinggi untuk memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan; 92% lebih tinggi pengetahuan tanda bahaya nifas dan 78% lebih tinggi pengetahuan tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir dibandingkan ibu kelompok kontrol. Oleh sebab itu, pendampingan mahasiswa dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif metode penyampaian informasi untuk menngkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil.    Kata kunci: Pendampingan, ibu hamil, mahasiswa, tanda bahaya kehamilan, nifas dan bayi baru lahir

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