scholarly journals Effects of reduced salinity and seston availability on growth of the New Zealand little-neck clam Austrovenus stutchburyi

2004 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
ID Marsden
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi

Interactions between parasites of the cockleAustrovenus stutchburyi: hitch-hikers, resident-cleaners, and habitat-facilitators

Parasitology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. F. LEUNG ◽  
R. POULIN
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Transmission Route ◽  
Interspecific Associations ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
Rate Of Accumulation

The patterns of association between parasites within a particular host are determined by a number of factors. One of these factors is whether or not infection by one parasite influences the probability of acquiring other parasite species. This study investigates the pattern of association between various parasites of the New Zealand cockleAustrovenus stutchburyi. Hundreds of cockles were collected from one locality within Otago Harbour, New Zealand and examined for trematode metacercariae and other symbionts. Two interspecific associations emerged from the study. First, the presence of the myicolid copepodPseudomyicola spinosuswas positively associated with higher infection intensity by echinostomes. The side-effect of the copepod's activities within the cockle is suggested as the proximate mechanism that facilitates infection by echinostome cercariae, leading to a greater rate of accumulation of metacercariae in cockles harbouring the copepod. Second, a positive association was also found between infection intensity of the metacercariae of foot-encysting echinostomes and that of gymnophallid metacercariae. This supports earlier findings and suggests that the gymnophallid is a hitch-hiker parasite because, in addition to the pattern of positive association, it (a) shares the same transmission route as the echinostomes, and (b) unlike the echinostomes, it is not capable of increasing the host's susceptibility to avian predation. Thus, both active hitch-hiking and incidental facilitation lead to non-random infection patterns in this parasite community.

scholarly journals Reliability of Bone Gelatin AMS Dating: Rattus Exulans and Marine Shell Radiocarbon Dates from Pauatahanui Midden Sites in Wellington, New Zealand

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Beavan Athfield ◽  
Bruce McFadgen ◽  
Rodger Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Marine Shell

A suite of 6 bone gelatin accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates for Rattus exulans Peale and associated beta decay 14C dates for Austrovenus stutchburyi shell are presented for 4 middens at Pauatahanui, Wellington, New Zealand. Mean calibrated age ranges of Rattus exulans (520–435 BP and 350–330 BP at 95% confidence level) and shell (465–375 BP at 95% confidence level) from the 4 midden sites overlap. The agreement between Rattus exulans bone gelatin dates and associated shell provides an inter-sample comparison of 14C dating using both gas counting (beta decay) and AMS dating techniques. We examine the adequacy of the standard gelatinization treatment for bone samples, which has been employed consistently at the laboratory since 1995.

OPTIMIZING THE SUCCESS OF AUSTROVENUS STUTCHBURYI RESTORATION: PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS IN A NEW ZEALAND ESTUARY

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
VONDA. CUMMINGS ◽  
JUDI. HEWITT ◽  
JANE. HALLIDAY ◽  
GRAEME. MACKAY
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi

scholarly journals Evaluating the Potential to Extract High-Resolution Paleoclimate Information from the Near-Shore New Zealand Molluscan Species Austrovenus stutchburyi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica J. Orsman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Redox Conditions ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
Molluscan Species

<p>Li, B, Mg, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Ba and U/Ca ratios were measured by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for 11 modern Austrovenus stutchburyi clams to assess the potential of this molluscan species as a proxy for paleo-ocean temperature and environmental change. A. stutchburyi is an intertidal, infaunal, bivalve, widespread in New Zealand coastal regions and throughout the Quaternary-Pliocene sedimentary rock record. Five individuals from Ligar Bay and Estuary (South Island, New Zealand) were analysed to evaluate the variability between individuals calcifying in similar environmental conditions. A further six individuals were sampled from a range of latitudes (38˚ to 40˚) in the North Island, New Zealand to evaluate variability between individuals from different environments. A strong positive correlation between growth rate and Mg, Al, Mn, Sr, Ba and U/Ca ratios was observed, and a marked negative correlation was found between the same trace element/Ca ratios and ontogenetic age as growth rates slow during the molluscs' life. Thus, biological effects are the primary influence on trace element incorporation in A. stutchburyi. No clear seasonal variations were observed in the Mg and Sr/Ca ratio profiles through A. stutchburyi shells representing time periods of several years. Furthermore, for two shells for which chronologies could be reliably constructed, there were no significant correlations between Mg and Sr/Ca ratios and sea surface temperature. When Mg/Ca ratios were normalised to Sr/Ca ratios in order to eliminate the growth rate effect on trace element incorporation into the mollusc shells, some of the remaining variations appeared to visually correlate positively with sea surface temperature in several sections of a shell. However, a quantitative correlation did not confirm this (r² = 0.012). It is likely that neither Mg nor Sr incorporation into A. stutchburyi shell are primarily thermodynamically controlled. Several coincident Ba/Ca peaks in two of the Ligar Bay shells are most likely caused by environmental processes such as short periods of phytoplankton blooms or elevated seawater Ba/Ca from river flooding. Mn/Ca and U/Ca variations in A. stutchburyi from different coastal sites with different sediment characteristics appeared to be linked to the redox conditions prevailing at an open ocean sand-dominated environment (Ligar Bay) versus tidal mud flat environments (e.g. Miranda). Thus, while A. stutchburyi is unlikely to be a useful archive for past coastal ocean temperatures, it holds considerable promise for tracking past changes in coastal ocean productivity and river run-off, as well as sediment redox conditions.</p>

Brevetoxin B1, a new polyether marine toxin from the New Zealand shellfish, Austrovenus stutchburyi

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ishida ◽  
Akira Nozawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Totoribe ◽  
Norio Muramatsu ◽  
Haruo Nukaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Marine Toxin ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi

scholarly journals The risk of being at the top: foot-cropping in the New Zealand cockle Austrovenus stutchburyi

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim N. Mouritsen ◽  
Robert Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Cropping Frequency ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sublethal Predation

The common phenomenon of sublethal predation in soft-bottom bivalves usually involves nipping of siphons. Here we show that foot cropping, hitherto documented only in Donax spp., is widespread in the New Zealand cockle Austrovenus stutchburyi (Veneridae). Depending on the locality, cropping frequency ranged between 14 and 34% of cockles, and the average proportion of the foot area cropped ranged between nine and 21%. Estimates of biomass lost to croppers at the time of sampling varied between 235 and 2040 mg ww m−2. It is emphasized that foot cropping in Austrovenus is likely to affect the population dynamics of the cockles.

Influence of New Zealand cockles ( Austrovenus stutchburyi ) on primary productivity in sandflat-seagrass ( Zostera muelleri ) ecotones

2016 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 238-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Lohrer ◽  
Michael Townsend ◽  
Sarah F. Hailes ◽  
Iván F. Rodil ◽  
Katie Cartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi

scholarly journals A parasite indirectly impacts both abundance of primary producers and biomass of secondary producers in an intertidal benthic community

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim N. Mouritsen ◽  
Robert Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Secondary Production ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Benthic Primary Production ◽  
Community Functioning ◽  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Intertidal Sandflat ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
Animal Community

The New Zealand cockle Austrovenus stutchburyi is often found stranded on the sediment surface due to infections by echinostome trematodes. High densities of heavily-infected cockles on the sediment surface affect near-seabed hydrodynamics and sedimentation and, in turn, benthic animal community structure and diversity. In a six-month field experiment on an intertidal sandflat we manipulated the density of cockle mimics on the sediment surface, and here we show that their presence had two significant impacts on community functioning. First, the benthic primary production (in terms of chlorophyll-a content) was reduced by 8–22%. Second, their presence significantly boosted (up to 5-fold) the secondary production (in terms of biomass) of Coelenterata, Nemertea, small polychaetes, small bivalves and the gastropod Diloma subrostrata. The results hence provide a field experimental example of a parasite-mediated link between diversity and productivity.

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