scholarly journals Uridine-5’-tri-phosphate is a candidate component of the soluble sex pheromone bouquet in a marine shrimp, Lysmata wurdemanni

2020 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
D Zhang ◽  
X Liu ◽  
MA Harley ◽  
JD Hardege
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Courtship Behaviour ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Minimum Effective Concentration ◽  
Peppermint Shrimp ◽  
Sample Preparation Procedure ◽  
Lysmata Wurdemanni

Characterisation of distance sex pheromones in decapods is challenging, although great efforts have been made in this field in the past 50 yr. In a previous study, we identified a component of the distance (soluble) sex pheromone bouquet of the peppermint shrimp Lysmata wurdemanni as being a uridine-5’-di-phosphate (UDP)-like chemical. However, UDP itself does not elicit the full pre-copulatory ‘approach and follow’ behaviour in peppermint shrimp. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the UDP-like chemical is uridine-5’-tri-phosphate (UTP), a metabolic product of chitin synthesis, and that this is the component of the distance sex pheromone of L. wurdemanni. We ran a series of bioassays to examine whether UDP, UTP or mixtures of the 2 compounds elicit male mating behaviour. Our results showed that male L. wurdemanni responded to UTP by displaying stereotyped courtship behaviour—the same behaviour elicited from males when exposed to water that previously contained moulting females. Combining UTP and UDP did not enhance the intensity of this courtship behaviour. The minimum effective concentration of UTP found to elicit courtship behaviour in the male shrimp was between 10-6 and 10-7 M. HPLC analysis showed the presence of UTP in the moulting water of female shrimp and also the partial conversion of UTP to UDP during the sample preparation procedure. Both the bioassay and chemical analysis results presented in this study suggest that UTP is a component of the distance sex pheromone in L. wurdemanni, and that the major peak in the chromatogram of a L. wurdemanni pheromone identified in previous studies might be a breakdown product of UTP.

scholarly journals Improving Contagion and Horizontal Transmission of Entomopathogenic Fungi by the White-Spotted Longicorn Beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca, with Help of Contact Sex Pheromone

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Nao Fujiwara-Tsujii ◽  
Hiroe Yasui
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Contact Sex Pheromone ◽  
Beauveria Brongniartii ◽  
Contact Pheromone ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Longicorn Beetle

The white-spotted longicorn beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca, is one of the most destructive pests of horticultural crops and street trees. Effective controls are needed because the effect of marketed insecticides is limited. Entomopathogenic fungi offer a solution, and improving the rate of infection would be a breakthrough in this beetle’s control. The combination of pathogenic fungi and the beetle’s contact sex pheromone was suggested. The surface of the female body is covered with contact sex pheromone, which elicit male mating behavior. To develop a method for the practical control of this beetle, we evaluated the arrestant activity of female extract containing contact pheromone coated on a black glass model. Males presented with a coated model held on for 5 h (mean) during an 8-h experiment. In contrast, males presented with a control model held on for <0.3 h. Males that held onto coated models attached to fabric impregnated with conidia of the fungus Beauveria brongniartii picked up much conidia, which they then passed on to females during mating.

scholarly journals Alternative phenotypes of male mating behaviour in the two-spotted spider mite

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukie Sato ◽  
Maurice W. Sabelis ◽  
Martijn Egas ◽  
Farid Faraji
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Alternative Phenotypes ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

scholarly journals Context-dependent behavioral plasticity compromises disruptive selection on sperm traits in squid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritaka Hirohashi ◽  
Noriyosi Sato ◽  
Yoko Iwata ◽  
Satoshi Tomano ◽  
Md Nur E Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Disruptive Selection ◽  
Behavioural Plasticity ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Reproductive Tactics ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Mating Opportunities ◽  
Sperm Traits

Male animals are not given equal mating opportunities under competitive circumstances. Small males often exhibit alternative mating behaviours and produce spermatozoa of higher quality to compensate for their lower chances of winning physical contests against larger competitors [1]. Because the reproductive benefits of these phenotypes depend on social status/agonistic ranks that can change during growth or aging [2], sperm traits should be developed/switched into fitness optima according to their prospects. However, reproductive success largely relies upon social contexts arising instantaneously from intra- and inter-sexual interactions, which deter males from developing extreme traits and instead favour behavioural plasticity. Nevertheless, the extent to which such plasticity influences developmentally regulated alternative sperm traits remains unexplored. Squids of the family Loliginidae are excellent models to investigate this, because they show sophisticated alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) by which small males, known as “sneakers”, produce longer spermatozoa and perform extra-pair copulation to attach their sperm packages near the female seminal receptacle (SR). In contrast, large “consort” males have shorter spermatozoa and copulate via pair-bonding to insert their sperm packages near the internal female oviduct [3]. In addition, plasticity in male mating behaviour is common in some species while it is either rare or absent in others. Thus, squid ARTs display a broad spectrum of adaptive traits with a complex repertoire in behaviour, morphology and physiology [3].

Sperm depletion, male mating behaviour and reproductive ‘time-out’ in Gammarus pulex (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Lemaître ◽  
Thierry Rigaud ◽  
Stéphane Cornet ◽  
Loïc Bollache
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Gammarus Pulex ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Time Out ◽  
Sperm Depletion

Male mating behaviour of a molly, Poecilia latipunctata : a third host for the sperm-dependent Amazon molly, Poecilia formosa

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Niemeitz ◽  
Ralf Kreutzfeldt ◽  
Manfred Schartl ◽  
Jakob Parzefall ◽  
Ingo Schlupp
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Amazon Molly ◽  
Poecilia Formosa

No experimental effects of parasite load on male mating behaviour and reproductive success

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Raveh ◽  
Dik Heg ◽  
F. Stephen Dobson ◽  
David W. Coltman ◽  
Jamieson C. Gorrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Male Mating

Biosystematics of the Cotesia flavipes complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): interspecific hybridization, sex pheromone and mating behaviour studies

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan W. Kimani ◽  
William A. Overholt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Cotesia Flavipes ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Wing Fanning ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Courtship Signals

AbstractMating behaviour, sex pheromone attraction and reciprocal breeding of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), C. sesamiae (Cameron) and C. chilonis (Matsumura) were studied. These three putative species comprise the Cotesia flavipes complex. Wing fanning and antennal vibration were the initial courtship signals from the males. Antennal stroking by the male was also an important contact signal and a prerequisite to successful mounting and copulation. Interspecific crosses revealed that males of C. flavipes exhibited courtship behaviour, and mounted and copulated with females of C. chilonis and C. sesamiae; the males transferred sperm but progeny from these crosses did not include females. Males of C. sesamiae copulated with females of C. chilonis and the progeny included viable females. The progeny backcrosses of the hybrid females to male parents also included viable females. Sex pheromone experiments were conducted in a Y-tube olfactometer and in large field cages. Males and females of C. flavipes perceived and responded to odours emitted by the opposite sex. There was no significant response to odours from conspecific individuals of the same sex in any of the three species. Pheromone bioassays in field cages using sticky traps baited with live virgin C. flavipes females attracted conspecific males.

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