Environment and anthropogenic activities influence cetacean habitat use in southeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Tardin ◽  
Y Chun ◽  
CN Jenkins ◽  
IS Maciel ◽  
SM Simão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Modeling cetacean habitat use in an urban coastal area in southeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
L Lodi ◽  
R Tardin ◽  
G Maricato
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Humpback Whales ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Few Data

Most studies of cetacean habitat use do not consider the influence of anthropogenic activities. We investigated the influence of environmental and anthropogenic variables on habitat use by humpback Megaptera novaeangliae and Bryde’s whales Balaenoptera brydei off the coast of the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. Although there are 2 marine protected areas (MPAs) in this area, few data are available on cetacean habitat use or on the overlap of different cetacean species within these MPAs. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the MPAs and propose a buffer zone to better protect the biodiversity of the study area. We conducted systematic surveys and developed spatial eigenvector generalized linear models to characterize habitat use by the species in the study area. Habitat use by humpback whales was influenced only by depth, whereas for Bryde’s whales there was the additional influence of anthropogenic variables. For Bryde’s whales, which use the area for feeding, sea surface temperature and the distance to anchorages had a major influence on habitat use. We also showed that neither of the MPAs in the study area adequately protects the hotspots of either whale species. Most of the humpback whale grid cells with high sighting predictions were located within 2 km of the MPAs, while areas of high sighting prediction of Bryde’s whales were located up to 5 km from the MPAs, closer to beaches. Our findings provide important insights for the delimitation of protected areas and zoning of the MPAs.

scholarly journals Habitat partitioning, habits and convergence among coastal nektonic fish species from the São Sebastião Channel, southeastern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Zaniolo Gibran
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Performance ◽  
Intimate Link

Based on a fish survey and preliminary underwater observations, 17 "morphotypes" were identified that characterize the morphological diversity found within 27 nektonic fish species sampled at São Sebastião Channel. Such "morphotypes" were studied using an ecomorphological approach, with the intention to investigate similarities and differences in shape and habits. Underwater field observations were also performed, to verify if the lifestyle of these species, such as vertical occupation of the water column and the habitat use, are in accordance with their distribution in the morphospace. The results, complemented with data from scientific literature on the taxonomy and phylogenies of these species, allowed discussing some of the typical cases of convergent and divergent evolution. Some of the ecomorphological clusters had no phylogenetic support although this is probably due to the environmental conditions in which theirs members have evolved. The body shape and fins positions of a fish clearly influence its ecological performance and habitat use, corroborating the ecomorphological hypothesis on the intimate link between phenotype and ecology.

scholarly journals Effects of livestock on occurrence of the Vulnerable red panda Ailurus fulgens in Rara National Park, Nepal

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari P. Sharma ◽  
Jerrold L. Belant ◽  
Jon E. Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens ◽  
Awareness Raising

AbstractThe Vulnerable red panda Ailurus fulgens is endemic to the Himalayas. Anthropogenic activities, including deforestation, have degraded the species’ habitat but the effects of livestock have not been examined. We assessed the effects of illegal livestock activity on the presence of the red panda in Rara National Park, Nepal. The probability of detecting red panda faecal pellets decreased with livestock occurrence but not with elevation or aspect. The presence of bamboo and proximity to water are important to red pandas but did not influence their habitat use at the spatial resolution evaluated. Livestock grazing in Rara National Park appears to adversely affect the presence of the red panda within its habitat. To reduce illegal livestock grazing we recommend enforcement of existing regulations, that training workshops be held for herders, and awareness-raising and dialogue with residents.

Shallow‐water habitat use and population parameters of rough‐toothed dolphins, Steno bredanensis ( G. Cuvier in Lesson, 1828) in southeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. Carvalho ◽  
José Lailson‐Brito ◽  
Maja Kajin ◽  
Carlos Eduardo P. Quintana ◽  
Karina S. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Steno Bredanensis

scholarly journals Tropical dendrochronology applied to invasive tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Carolina Nogueira Xavier ◽  
Daniela Granato-Souza ◽  
Ana Carolina M. C. Barbosa ◽  
José Reinaldo Moreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Tropical Dendrochronology ◽  
Invasive Tree ◽  
Invasive Tree Species

AbstractThe Atlantic Forest is one of the largest and most biodiverse rainforests of South America but anthropogenic activities are drastically changing these landscapes. The invasion of alien or exotic species is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. There are few studies of invasive species in tropical Brazilian ecosystems. This research examines growth and ecological aspects of Syzygium cumini and Clitoria fairchildiana, two invasive tree species in the Pedra Branca State Park, an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. Both species were successfully dated, indicating an average age of 58 and 31 years, respectively. A positive relationship between growth and precipitation of the previous growing season suggests an ecological adaptive strategy, which could be facilitating their invasion into the environment. Cumulative growth diameter curves indicate slow and fast growth rates for S. cumini and C. fairchildiana, respectively. Growth release episodes detected in the tree rings indicate increased anthropogenic disturbances over the last 50 years.

Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Middle Mississippi River ◽  
Catch Rates

<em>Abstract</em>.—Channel catfish <em>Ictalurus punctatus</em> are a major recreational and commercially important large river species. However, anthropogenic activities have heavily degraded the majority of riverine catfish habitats. To maintain catfish populations, an understanding of channel catfish early-life habitat use is necessary. We quantified habitat use of juvenile channel catfish in the middle Mississippi River from 2004 through 2007 by trawling in main channel, channel border, island, and artificial structure habitat (i.e., river training structures or wing dikes) features throughout the sampling reach (<EM>N</EM> = 878 trawls; <EM>N</EM> = 538 juvenile channel catfish). Channel catfish occurred most frequently in island and off-channel habitats. Few juvenile channel catfish were trawled in the main channel. All macrohabitat features were used by a broad size range of juvenile channel catfish, with the exception of the main channel, where only larger juvenile channel catfish were captured. Within each habitat, juvenile channel catfish catch rates were highest in sand substrate, low velocity, and shallow depths. Channel catfish in the middle Mississippi River use a variety of habitats during early life. Maintaining existing habitats, creating habitats with these attributes, and coupling this with proper management will foster sustainability of the channel catfish population at current commercial and recreational fishing levels in the middle Mississippi River.

Home range and habitat use by the roadside hawk,Rupornis magnirostris(Gmelin, 1788) (Aves: Falcaniformes) in southeastern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Monteiro de Barros ◽  
Marco Antonio Monteiro Granzinolli ◽  
Ricardo José Garcia Pereira ◽  
José Carlos Motta-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Morphology and habitat use by fishes of the Rio das Velhas basin in southeastern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Gontijo Leal ◽  
Nara Tadini Junqueira ◽  
Paulo Santos Pompeu
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Inter-annual changes in fish communities of a tropical bay in southeastern Brazil: What can be inferred from anthropogenic activities?

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gerson Araújo ◽  
Samara Macedo Pinto ◽  
Leonardo Mitrano Neves ◽  
Márcia Cristina Costa de Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Annual Changes ◽  
Tropical Bay
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document