scholarly journals Coastal waters freshening and extreme seasonality affect organic matter sources, quality, and transfers in a High Arctic fjord (Young Sound, Greenland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 610 ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bridier ◽  
T Meziane ◽  
J Grall ◽  
L Chauvaud ◽  
MK Sejr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Organic Matter Sources ◽  
Arctic Fjord ◽  
Extreme Seasonality

scholarly journals A marine zooplankton community vertically structured by light across diel to interannual timescales

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 20200810
Author(s):  
Laura Hobbs ◽  
Neil S. Banas ◽  
Jonathan H. Cohen ◽  
Finlo R. Cottier ◽  
Jørgen Berge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Visual Predation ◽  
Marine Zooplankton ◽  
Arctic Fjord ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Extreme Seasonality ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

The predation risk of many aquatic taxa is dominated by visually searching predators, commonly a function of ambient light. Several studies propose that changes in visual predation will become a major climate-change impact on polar marine ecosystems. The High Arctic experiences extreme seasonality in the light environment, from 24 h light to 24 h darkness, and therefore provides a natural laboratory for studying light and predation risk over diel to seasonal timescales. Here, we show that zooplankton (observed using acoustics) in an Arctic fjord position themselves vertically in relation to light. A single isolume (depth-varying line of constant light intensity, the value of which is set at the lower limit of photobehaviour reponses of Calanus spp. and krill) forms a ceiling on zooplankton distribution. The vertical distribution is structured by light across timescales, from the deepening of zooplankton populations at midday as the sun rises in spring, to the depth to which zooplankton ascend to feed during diel vertical migration. These results suggest that zooplankton might already follow a foraging strategy that will keep visual predation risk roughly constant under changing light conditions, such as those caused by the reduction of sea ice, but likely with energetic costs such as lost feeding opportunities as a result of altered habitat use.

scholarly journals Terrestrial Inputs Drive Seasonality in Organic Matter and Nutrient Biogeochemistry in a High Arctic Fjord System (Isfjorden, Svalbard)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maeve McGovern ◽  
Alexey K. Pavlov ◽  
Anne Deininger ◽  
Mats A. Granskog ◽  
Eva Leu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Fjord System ◽  
Terrestrial Inputs ◽  
Arctic Fjord

Glacier inputs influence organic matter composition and prokaryotic distribution in a high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard)

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 112-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Bourgeois ◽  
Philippe Kerhervé ◽  
Maria Ll. Calleja ◽  
Gaël Many ◽  
Nathalie Morata
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
Arctic Fjord

Plant Pigments as Biomarkers of Organic Matter Sources in Sediments and Coastal Waters of Cyprus (eastern Mediterranean)

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Bianchi ◽  
Andreas Demetropoulos ◽  
Myroula Hadjichristophorou ◽  
Marina Argyrou ◽  
M. Baskaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Plant Pigments ◽  
Organic Matter Sources

River or mangrove? Tracing major organic matter sources in tropical Brazilian coastal waters

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 253-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Dittmar ◽  
Rubén José Lara ◽  
Gerhard Kattner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Organic Matter Sources

Biomarker assessment of organic matter sources and degradation in Canadian High Arctic littoral sediments

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 75-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent G. Pautler ◽  
Janice Austin ◽  
Angelika Otto ◽  
Kailey Stewart ◽  
Scott F. Lamoureux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Canadian High Arctic ◽  
Organic Matter Sources ◽  
Littoral Sediments

Particulate organic matter sinks and sources in high Arctic fjord

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Kuliński ◽  
Monika Kędra ◽  
Joanna Legeżyńska ◽  
Marta Gluchowska ◽  
Agata Zaborska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Fjord

scholarly journals Linking extreme seasonality and gene expression in arctic marine protists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wutkowska ◽  
Anna Vader ◽  
Ramiro Logares ◽  
Eric Pelletier ◽  
Tove M. Gabrielsen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Polar Night ◽  
Microbial Eukaryotes ◽  
Seasonal Impact ◽  
Polar Day ◽  
Arctic Fjord ◽  
Marine Protists ◽  
Extreme Seasonality

At high latitudes, strong seasonal differences in light availability affect marine organisms and restrict the timing of ecosystem processes. Marine protists are key players in Arctic aquatic ecosystems, yet little is known about their ecological roles over yearly cycles. This is especially true for the dark polar night period, which up until recently was assumed to be devoid of biological activity. A 12 million transcripts catalogue was built from 0.45-10 μm protist assemblages sampled over 13 months in a time series station in an arctic fjord in Svalbard. Community gene expression was correlated with seasonality, with light as the main driving factor. Transcript diversity and evenness were higher during polar night compared to polar day. Light-dependent functions had higher relative expression during polar day, except phototransduction. 64% of the most expressed genes could not be functionally annotated, yet up to 78% were identified in arctic samples from Tara Oceans, suggesting that arctic marine assemblages are distinct from those from other oceans. Our study increases understanding of the links between extreme seasonality and biological processes in pico- and nanoplanktonic protists. Our results set the ground for future monitoring studies investigating the seasonal impact of climate change on the communities of microbial eukaryotes in the High Arctic.

Macrophyte-derived detritus in shallow coastal waters contributes to suspended particulate organic matter and increases growth rates of Mytilus edulis

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
D Bearham ◽  
MA Vanderklift ◽  
RA Downie ◽  
DP Thomson ◽  
LA Clementson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Suspension Feeder ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Suspension Feeders ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Benthic suspension feeders, such as bivalves, potentially have several different food sources, including plankton and resuspended detritus of benthic origin. We hypothesised that suspension feeders are likely to feed on detritus if it is present. This inference would be further strengthened if there was a correlation between δ13C of suspension feeder tissue and δ13C of particulate organic matter (POM). Since detritus is characterised by high particulate organic matter (POC):chl a ratios, we would also predict a positive correlation between POM δ13C and POC:chl a. We hypothesised that increasing depth and greater distance from shore would produce a greater nutritional reliance by experimentally transplanted blue mussels Mytilus edulis on plankton rather than macrophyte-derived detritus. After deployments of 3 mo duration in 2 different years at depths from 3 to 40 m, M. edulis sizes were positively correlated with POM concentrations. POC:chl a ratios and δ13C of POM and M. edulis gill tissue decreased with increasing depth (and greater distance from shore). δ13C of POM was correlated with δ13C of M. edulis. Our results suggest that detritus comprised a large proportion of POM at shallow depths (<15 m), that M. edulis ingested and assimilated carbon in proportion to its availability in POM, and that growth of M. edulis was higher where detritus was present and POM concentrations were higher.

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