Mechanistic understanding of ocean acidification impacts on larval feeding physiology and energy budgets of the mussel Mytilus californianus

2017 ◽  
Vol 563 ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
MW Gray ◽  
CJ Langdon ◽  
GG Waldbusser ◽  
B Hales ◽  
S Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Mytilus Californianus ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding

scholarly journals Shell mineralogy of a foundational marine species, Mytilus californianus, over half a century in a changing ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. e2004769118
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Bullard ◽  
Ivan Torres ◽  
Tianqi Ren ◽  
Olivia A. Graeve ◽  
Kaustuv Roy
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Mytilus Californianus ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Time Periods

Anthropogenic warming and ocean acidification are predicted to negatively affect marine calcifiers. While negative effects of these stressors on physiology and shell calcification have been documented in many species, their effects on shell mineralogical composition remains poorly known, especially over longer time periods. Here, we quantify changes in the shell mineralogy of a foundation species, Mytilus californianus, under 60 y of ocean warming and acidification. Using historical data as a baseline and a resampling of present-day populations, we document a substantial increase in shell calcite and decrease in aragonite. These results indicate that ocean pH and saturation state, not temperature or salinity, play a strong role in mediating the shell mineralogy of this species and reveal long-term changes in this trait under ocean acidification.

scholarly journals Exploring B/Ca as a pH proxy in bivalves: relationships between <i>Mytilus californianus</i> B/Ca and environmental data from the northeast Pacific

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 5587-5616 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. McCoy ◽  
L. F. Robinson ◽  
C. A. Pfister ◽  
J. T. Wootton ◽  
N. Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Mytilus Californianus ◽  
Seawater Chemistry ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Ion Probe ◽  
Seawater Environment

Abstract. A distinct gap in our ability to understand changes in coastal biology that may be associated with recent ocean acidification is the paucity of directly measured ocean environmental parameters at coastal sites in recent decades. Thus, many researchers have turned to sclerochronological reconstructions of water chemistry to document the historical seawater environment. In this study, we explore the relationships between B/Ca and pH to test the feasibility of B/Ca measured on the ion probe as a pH proxy in the California mussel, Mytilus californianus. We compare the M. californianus B/Ca record to directly measured environmental data during mussel growth 1999–2009 to determine the correlation between B/Ca and seawater chemistry and discuss methods for assigning sample chronology when sampling an organism with variable growth rates.

scholarly journals The influence of ocean acidification on nitrogen regeneration and nitrous oxide production in the North-West European shelf sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3113-3165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Clark ◽  
I. J. Brown ◽  
A. P. Rees ◽  
P. J. Somerfield ◽  
P. I. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
N2o Production ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Sea ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding

Abstract. The assimilation and regeneration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and the concentration of N2O, was investigated at stations located in the NW European shelf sea during June/July 2011. These observational measurements within the photic zone demonstrated the simultaneous regeneration and assimilation of NH4+, NO2− and NO3−. NH4+ was assimilated at 1.82–49.12 nmol N L−1 h−1 and regenerated at 3.46–14.60 nmol N L−1 h−1; NO2− was assimilated at 0–2.08 nmol N L−1 h−1 and regenerated at 0.01–1.85 nmol N L−1 h−1; NO3− was assimilated at 0.67–18.75 nmol N L−1 h−1 and regenerated at 0.05–28.97 nmol N L−1 h−1. Observations implied that these processes were closely coupled at the regional scale and nitrogen recycling played an important role in sustaining phytoplankton growth during the summer. The [N2O], measured in water column profiles, was 10.13 ± 1.11 nmol L−1 and did not strongly diverge from atmospheric equilibrium indicating that sampled marine regions where neither a strong source nor sink of N2O to the atmosphere. Multivariate analysis of data describing water column biogeochemistry and its links to N-cycling activity failed to explain the observed variance in rates of N-regeneration and N-assimilation, possibly due to the limited number of process rate observations. In the surface waters of 5 further stations, Ocean Acidification (OA) bioassay experiments were conducted to investigate the response of NH4+ oxidising and regenerating organisms to simulated OA conditions, including the implications for [N2O]. Multivariate analysis was undertaken which considered the complete bioassay dataset of measured variables describing changes in N-regeneration rate, [N2O] and the biogeochemical composition of seawater. While anticipating biogeochemical differences between locations, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the underlying mechanism through which pelagic N-regeneration responded to simulated OA conditions was independent of location and that a mechanistic understanding of how NH4+ oxidation, NH4+ regeneration and N2O production responded to OA could be developed. Results indicated that N-regeneration process responses to OA treatments were location specific; no mechanistic understanding of how N-regeneration processes respond to OA in the surface ocean of the NW European shelf sea could be developed.

scholarly journals Ocean acidification boosts reproduction in fish via indirect effects

PLoS Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. e3001033
Author(s):  
Ivan Nagelkerken ◽  
Tiphaine Alemany ◽  
Julie M. Anquetin ◽  
Camilo M. Ferreira ◽  
Kim E. Ludwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Species Population ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Physiological Homeostasis

Ocean acidification affects species populations and biodiversity through direct negative effects on physiology and behaviour. The indirect effects of elevated CO2 are less well known and can sometimes be counterintuitive. Reproduction lies at the crux of species population replenishment, but we do not know how ocean acidification affects reproduction in the wild. Here, we use natural CO2 vents at a temperate rocky reef and show that even though ocean acidification acts as a direct stressor, it can indirectly increase energy budgets of fish to stimulate reproduction at no cost to physiological homeostasis. Female fish maintained energy levels by compensation: They reduced activity (foraging and aggression) to increase reproduction. In male fish, increased reproductive investment was linked to increased energy intake as mediated by intensified foraging on more abundant prey. Greater biomass of prey at the vents was linked to greater biomass of algae, as mediated by a fertilisation effect of elevated CO2 on primary production. Additionally, the abundance and aggression of paternal carers were elevated at the CO2 vents, which may further boost reproductive success. These positive indirect effects of elevated CO2 were only observed for the species of fish that was generalistic and competitively dominant, but not for 3 species of subordinate and more specialised fishes. Hence, species that capitalise on future resource enrichment can accelerate their reproduction and increase their populations, thereby altering species communities in a future ocean.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis reveals taxon- and life stage-dependent effects of ocean acidification on marine calcifier feeding performance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff C. Clements
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Life Stage ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Feeding Performance

AbstractWhile ocean acidification is considered among the greatest threats to marine ecosystems, its effects on the feeding performance of marine calcifiers remain uncertain. I conducted a meta-analysis of effect sizes (LnRR) assessing the impacts of acidification on the feeding ability of three groups of marine calcifiers - molluscs, arthropods, and echinoderms. Results suggested taxon-dependent effects of acidification on calcifier feeding performance, with depressed feeding observed for molluscs, echinoderms, and when all taxa were considered. However, ocean acidification had no effect on feeding performance in marine arthropods and larval feeding performance appeared more vulnerable than that of juveniles and adults. Feeding performance was not related to acclimation time nor pCO2 level. This study suggests that the feeding performance of molluscs and early life-stage echinoderms may be depressed in a more acidic ocean, but that arthropod feeding performance is unlikely to suffer. Such changes in feeding performance could contribute to slower growth and development in the early life stages of these organisms and could potentially contribute to changes in community and ecosystem structure where these organisms coexist. Finally, feeding performance could, at least in part, moderate the degree to which molluscs and echinoderms can use food to overcome acidification effects early in life.

scholarly journals CO2-driven ocean acidification reduces larval feeding efficiency and changes food selectivity in the mollusk Concholepas concholepas

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian A. Vargas ◽  
Makarena de la Hoz ◽  
Victor Aguilera ◽  
Valeska San Martín ◽  
Patricio H. Manríquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Food Selectivity ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Efficiency ◽  
Concholepas Concholepas

scholarly journals The influence of ocean acidification on nitrogen regeneration and nitrous oxide production in the northwest European shelf sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4985-5005 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Clark ◽  
I. J. Brown ◽  
A. P. Rees ◽  
P. J. Somerfield ◽  
P. I. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Data Set ◽  
N2o Production ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
European Shelf ◽  
Shelf Sea ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding

Abstract. The assimilation and regeneration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and the concentration of N2O, was investigated at stations located in the NW European shelf sea during June/July 2011. These observational measurements within the photic zone demonstrated the simultaneous regeneration and assimilation of NH4+, NO2− and NO3−. NH4+ was assimilated at 1.82–49.12 nmol N L−1 h−1 and regenerated at 3.46–14.60 nmol N L−1 h−1; NO2- was assimilated at 0–2.08 nmol N L−1 h−1 and regenerated at 0.01–1.85 nmol N L−1 h−1; NO3− was assimilated at 0.67–18.75 nmol N L−1 h−1 and regenerated at 0.05–28.97 nmol N L−1 h−1. Observations implied that these processes were closely coupled at the regional scale and that nitrogen recycling played an important role in sustaining phytoplankton growth during the summer. The [N2O], measured in water column profiles, was 10.13 ± 1.11 nmol L−1 and did not strongly diverge from atmospheric equilibrium indicating that sampled marine regions were neither a strong source nor sink of N2O to the atmosphere. Multivariate analysis of data describing water column biogeochemistry and its links to N-cycling activity failed to explain the observed variance in rates of N-regeneration and N-assimilation, possibly due to the limited number of process rate observations. In the surface waters of five further stations, ocean acidification (OA) bioassay experiments were conducted to investigate the response of NH4+ oxidising and regenerating organisms to simulated OA conditions, including the implications for [N2O]. Multivariate analysis was undertaken which considered the complete bioassay data set of measured variables describing changes in N-regeneration rate, [N2O] and the biogeochemical composition of seawater. While anticipating biogeochemical differences between locations, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the underlying mechanism through which pelagic N-regeneration responded to simulated OA conditions was independent of location. Our objective was to develop a mechanistic understanding of how NH4+ regeneration, NH4+ oxidation and N2O production responded to OA. Results indicated that N-regeneration process responses to OA treatments were location specific; no mechanistic understanding of how N-regeneration processes respond to OA in the surface ocean of the NW European shelf sea could be developed.

scholarly journals Effect of carbonate chemistry manipulations on calcification, respiration, and excretion of a Mediterranean pteropod

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 6169-6189 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Comeau ◽  
J.-P. Gattuso ◽  
R. Jeffree ◽  
F. Gazeau
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Carbonate Chemistry ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Polar Species ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding

Abstract. Although shelled pteropods are expected to be particularly sensitive to ocean acidification, the few available studies have mostly focused on polar species and have not allowed determining which parameter of the carbonate system controls their calcification. Specimens of the temperate Mediterranean species Creseis acicula were maintained under seven different conditions of the carbonate chemistry, obtained by manipulating pH and total alkalinity, with the goal to disentangle the effects of the pH and the saturation state with respect to aragonite (Ωa). Our results tend to show that respiration, excretion as well as rates of net and gross calcification were not directly affected by a decrease in pH but decreased significantly with a decrease in Ωa. Due to the difficulties in maintaining pteropods in the laboratory and the important variability in their abundances in our study site, long-term acclimation as well as replication of the experiment was not possible. However, we strongly believe that these results represent an important step in the mechanistic understanding of the effect of ocean acidification on pteropods physiology.

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