Gill material of 12 species of Indo-Pacific boxfishes was examined for species of Haliotrema. Four parasite species were recorded: H. trochaderoi n.sp., H. crymanum n.sp., H. lactoriae, and H. triacanthi. Haliotrema trochaderoi was taken from Ostracion meleagris, O. cyanurus, and O. cubicus from the West Pacific Ocean. Haliotrema crymanum was taken from O. cubicus from the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. The morphology of these two species was compared with that of 10 other species of Haliotrema with similar male copulatory apparatus. Duncan's multiple range test indicated the two new species to be distinct from one another in all but 5 of 35 measurements (p = 0.005); multivariate analysis of variance and canonical discriminant analysis indicated them to be distinct from all Atlantic species of Haliotrema from boxfishes (p = 0.001). Haliotrema lactoriae was recorded from Lactoria cornuta, L. fornasini, and L. reipublicae, in addition to its type host, L. diaphana. It is specific to species of Lactoria but occurs on these throughout the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Haliotrema triacanthi, previously known only from species of Triacanthus (Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthidae), was also found on Ostracion rhinorhynchus. It occurs on its hosts in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean.
Phylogeography of the neon damselfish Pomacentrus coelestis indicates a cryptic species and different species origins in the West Pacific Ocean