scholarly journals Flexible reproductive timing can buffer reproductive success of Pygoscelis spp. penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula region

2012 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
JT Hinke ◽  
MJ Polito ◽  
CS Reiss ◽  
SG Trivelpiece ◽  
WZ Trivelpiece
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Reproductive Timing ◽  
The Antarctic

Plant and invertebrate physiology: The growth and reproduction of Polytrichum alpestre Hoppe on South Georgia

1967 ◽  
Vol 252 (777) ◽  
pp. 295-322 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Scotia Ridge ◽  
Ridge Area ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Invertebrate Physiology ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

It has long been realized that bryophytes are one of the most important groups in the flora of the Antarctic Peninsula-Scotia Ridge sector of Antarctica, being well represented both in number of species and in the contribution they make to the vegetation (Longton 1967, this Discussion, p. 213). Cardot (1908) pointed out that the bryophyte flora was made up of a number of phytogeographical elements, one being a group of bipolar species some of which are known from many localities throughout the area. Cardot also drew attention to the rarity of fruit on most specimens he had seen from Antarctica. As many bryophytes are known to show a marked decline in reproductive success towards the limit of their ranges, and as there was evidence that species of the bipolar group appeared to be behaving in this way, an investigation was started to determine the reproductive behaviour of selected species throughout the Antarctic Peninsula-Scotia Ridge area.

scholarly journals Open ocean and coastal new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines around the Antarctic Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Brean ◽  
Manuel Dall’Osto ◽  
Rafel Simó ◽  
Zongbo Shi ◽  
David C. S. Beddows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet 1992–2016: reconciling results from GRACE gravimetry with ICESat, ERS1/2 and Envisat altimetry

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
H. Jay Zwally ◽  
John W. Robbins ◽  
Scott B. Luthcke ◽  
Bryant D. Loomis ◽  
Frédérique Rémy
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Mantle Material ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Mantle Viscosity ◽  
Grounding Line ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Total Gain

Abstract GRACE and ICESat Antarctic mass-balance differences are resolved utilizing their dependencies on corrections for changes in mass and volume of the same underlying mantle material forced by ice-loading changes. Modeled gravimetry corrections are 5.22 times altimetry corrections over East Antarctica (EA) and 4.51 times over West Antarctica (WA), with inferred mantle densities 4.75 and 4.11 g cm−3. Derived sensitivities (Sg, Sa) to bedrock motion enable calculation of motion (δB0) needed to equalize GRACE and ICESat mass changes during 2003–08. For EA, δB0 is −2.2 mm a−1 subsidence with mass matching at 150 Gt a−1, inland WA is −3.5 mm a−1 at 66 Gt a−1, and coastal WA is only −0.35 mm a−1 at −95 Gt a−1. WA subsidence is attributed to low mantle viscosity with faster responses to post-LGM deglaciation and to ice growth during Holocene grounding-line readvance. EA subsidence is attributed to Holocene dynamic thickening. With Antarctic Peninsula loss of −26 Gt a−1, the Antarctic total gain is 95 ± 25 Gt a−1 during 2003–08, compared to 144 ± 61 Gt a−1 from ERS1/2 during 1992–2001. Beginning in 2009, large increases in coastal WA dynamic losses overcame long-term EA and inland WA gains bringing Antarctica close to balance at −12 ± 64 Gt a−1 by 2012–16.

scholarly journals An Assessment of ERA5 Reanalysis for Antarctic Near-Surface Air Temperature

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Jiangping Zhu ◽  
Aihong Xie ◽  
Xiang Qin ◽  
Yetang Wang ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Reanalysis Dataset ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Antarctic

The European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) released its latest reanalysis dataset named ERA5 in 2017. To assess the performance of ERA5 in Antarctica, we compare the near-surface temperature data from ERA5 and ERA-Interim with the measured data from 41 weather stations. ERA5 has a strong linear relationship with monthly observations, and the statistical significant correlation coefficients (p < 0.05) are higher than 0.95 at all stations selected. The performance of ERA5 shows regional differences, and the correlations are high in West Antarctica and low in East Antarctica. Compared with ERA5, ERA-Interim has a slightly higher linear relationship with observations in the Antarctic Peninsula. ERA5 agrees well with the temperature observations in austral spring, with significant correlation coefficients higher than 0.90 and bias lower than 0.70 °C. The temperature trend from ERA5 is consistent with that from observations, in which a cooling trend dominates East Antarctica and West Antarctica, while a warming trend exists in the Antarctic Peninsula except during austral summer. Generally, ERA5 can effectively represent the temperature changes in Antarctica and its three subregions. Although ERA5 has bias, ERA5 can play an important role as a powerful tool to explore the climate change in Antarctica with sparse in situ observations.

High-concentration sediment plumes, Horseshoe Island, western Antarctic Peninsula

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
CRISTIAN RODRIGO ◽  
ANDRÉS VARAS-GÓMEZ ◽  
ADRIÁN BUSTAMANTE-MAINO ◽  
EMILIO MENA-HODGES
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Tidewater Glaciers ◽  
Marguerite Bay ◽  
Southern Side ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Antarctic

The variability in sediment concentration and spatial distribution of meltwater discharges from tidewater glaciers can be used to elucidate climatic evolution and glacier behaviour due to the association between sediment yield and glacier retreat (e.g. Domack & McClennen 1996). In an accelerated deglaciation environment, higher sediment concentrations in the water column can change the glacimarine costal dynamics and affect productivity and sea floor ecosystems (e.g. Marín et al. 2013). In the Antarctic Peninsula Region, meltwater or turbid plumes were previously believed to be rare or without an important role in the sedimentary glacimarine environment (e.g. Griffith & Anderson 1989), but recent studies have shown that this is a common phenomenon in subpolar and transition polar climates (Yoo et al. 2015, Rodrigo et al. 2016). In the current climate change scenario, accelerated glacier retreats and mass losses can produce an increasing input of glacial meltwater into the fjord regions, a situation that is not yet well evaluated in the Antarctic Peninsula. In this short note, after in situ observation of an unusual waterfall from the southern side of the main western tidewater glacier (Shoesmith Glacier) of Horseshoe Island (Lystad Bay), Marguerite Bay (Fig. 1), we report high turbidity values associated with plumes from the glacier, whose values were higher than reported data from subpolar/transition polar Antarctic climates.

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