scholarly journals Differences in growth, morphology and tissue carbon and nitrogen of Macrocystis pyrifera within and at the outer edge of a giant kelp forest in California, USA

2009 ◽  
Vol 375 ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
HL Stewart ◽  
JP Fram ◽  
DC Reed ◽  
SL Williams ◽  
MA Brzezinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Mechanisms leading to recruitment inhibition of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera by an understory alga

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
BA Beckley ◽  
MS Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Survival And Growth

The forest-forming giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera and the communities it supports have been decreasing across their native ranges in many parts of the world. The sudden removal of giant kelp canopies by storms increases space and light for the colonization by understory macroalgae, such as Desmarestia herbacea, which can inhibit M. pyrifera recovery and alter local community composition. Understanding the mechanisms by which algae such as D. herbacea interact with M. pyrifera can provide insight into patterns of kelp forest recovery following these disturbances and can aid in predicting future community structure. This study experimentally tested the independent and combined effects of two likely competitive mechanisms by which D. herbacea might inhibit recovery of M. pyrifera in the Point Loma kelp forest in San Diego, California (USA). Specifically, we conducted field experiments to study the individual and combined effects of shade and scour by D. herbacea on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages, and the recruitment, survival, and growth of its young sporophytes. Our results show that scour had the strongest negative effect on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages and recruitment, but shade and scour both adversely affected survival and growth of these sporophytes as they grew larger. Canopy-removing storms are increasing in frequency and intensity, and this change could facilitate the rise of understory species, like D. herbacea, which might alter community succession and recovery of kelp forests.

scholarly journals Sea urchins mediate the availability of kelp detritus to benthic consumers

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1906) ◽  
pp. 20190846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie E. Yorke ◽  
Henry M. Page ◽  
Robert J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Mesocosm Experiment ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Trophic Role ◽  
Benthic Consumers

Detritus can fundamentally shape and sustain food webs, and shredders can facilitate its availability. Most of the biomass of the highly productive giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera , becomes detritus that is exported or falls to the seafloor as litter. We hypothesized that sea urchins process kelp litter through shredding, sloppy feeding and egestion, making kelp litter more available to benthic consumers. To test this, we conducted a mesocosm experiment in which an array of kelp forest benthic consumers were exposed to 13 C- and 15 N-labelled Macrocystis with or without the presence of sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus . Our results showed that several detritivore species consumed significant amounts of kelp, but only when urchins were present. Although they are typically portrayed as antagonistic grazers in kelp forests, sea urchins can have a positive trophic role, capturing kelp litter before it is exported and making it available to a suite of benthic detritivores.

EFFECTS OF SELF-FERTILIZATION IN THE GIANT KELP, MACROCYSTIS PYRIFERA

Ecology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 3267-3276 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Raimondi ◽  
D. C. Reed ◽  
B. Gaylord ◽  
L. Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Self Fertilization

scholarly journals Factors influencing urea use by giant kelp ( Macrocystis pyrifera , Phaeophyceae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Smith ◽  
Gordon Blasco ◽  
Mark A. Brzezinski ◽  
John M. Melack ◽  
Daniel C. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Factors Influencing
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