scholarly journals Behavioral mechanism for an associational refuge for macroalgae on temperate reefs

2008 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Levenbach
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Reefs ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
Associational Refuge

The impact of temperate reefs on 34 years of shoreline and vegetation line stability at Yanchep, southwestern Australia and implications for coastal setback

2015 ◽  
Vol 369 ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari L. Gallop ◽  
Cyprien Bosserelle ◽  
Ivan D. Haigh ◽  
Matthew P. Wadey ◽  
Charitha B. Pattiaratchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southwestern Australia ◽  
Temperate Reefs ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Predation and associational refuge drive ontogenetic niche shifts in an arctiid caterpillar

Ecology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Grof-Tisza ◽  
Marcel Holyoak ◽  
Edward Antell ◽  
Richard Karban
Keyword(s):  
Ontogenetic Niche Shifts ◽  
Niche Shifts ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche ◽  
Associational Refuge

scholarly journals Interspecific Variation in Life History Relates to Antipredator Decisions by Marine Mesopredators on Temperate Reefs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e40083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Frid ◽  
Jeff Marliave ◽  
Michael R. Heithaus
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Temperate Reefs

scholarly journals Prey Status Affects Paralysis Investment in the Ponerine Ant Harpegnathos venator

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Lei Nie ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Yiming Chen ◽  
Qian Xiao ◽  
Zhiping Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Level ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Foraging Mode ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Ponerine Ants ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ponerine Ant ◽  
Predatory Insects

The paralysis behavior of some ponerine ants when foraging may be important for food storage and colony development. However, how workers invest in paralysis under different prey circumstances is often overlooked. Here, we report the prey-foraging behavior and paralysis behavior of Harpegnathos venator under different food supply conditions. Solitary hunting was the main foraging mode of H. venator, with occasional simple collective hunting. Nymphal cockroaches with high activity were the most attractive to H. venator. In the experiment, we found that the stings of H. venator completely paralyzed the cockroaches. The stinging time was significantly longer at a higher prey activity level and for larger cockroaches. In addition, there was no significant difference in the stinging time of H. venator for different prey densities. The results showed that the longer similar cockroaches were stung, the longer it took for them to revive and move. These results are helpful for further understanding the behavioral mechanism underlying the food storage of live prey by predatory insects.

scholarly journals Smile (but only deliberately) though your heart is aching: Loneliness is associated with impaired spontaneous smile mimicry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Resonance Mechanism ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Physiological Dysregulation ◽  
Resonance Response ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation

As social beings, humans harbor an evolved capacity for loneliness—perceived social isolation. Feelings of loneliness are associated with aberrant affective and social processing, as well as deleterious physiological dysregulation. We investigated how loneliness affects spontaneous facial mimicry (SFM), an interpersonal resonance mechanism involved in social connection and emotional contagion. We used facial electromyography (fEMG) to measure activity of the zygomaticus major (“smiling muscle”) and corrugator supercilii (“frowning muscle”) while participants viewed emotional stimuli, such as video clips of actors expressing anger, fear, sadness, or joy, and emotional IAPS images. We also measured self-reported loneliness, depression, and extraversion levels. Evidence for SFM was found in greater fEMG activity of the zygomaticus and corrugator to positive and negative emotions, respectively. However, individuals reporting higher levels of loneliness lacked SFM for expressions of joy. Loneliness did not affect deliberate mimicry activity to the same expressions, or spontaneous reactions to positive, negative, or neutral IAPS images. Depression and extraversion did not predict any differences in fEMG responses. We argue that impaired automaticity of “smiling back” at another—a faulty interpersonal resonance response—represents a pervasive behavioral mechanism that likely contributes to negative social and emotional consequences of loneliness and may facilitate loneliness contagion.

scholarly journals Recommending teams promotes prosocial lending in online microfinance

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (52) ◽  
pp. 14944-14948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ai ◽  
Roy Chen ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Qiaozhu Mei ◽  
Webb Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
The Impact

This paper reports the results of a large-scale field experiment designed to test the hypothesis that group membership can increase participation and prosocial lending for an online crowdlending community, Kiva. The experiment uses variations on a simple email manipulation to encourage Kiva members to join a lending team, testing which types of team recommendation emails are most likely to get members to join teams as well as the subsequent impact on lending. We find that emails do increase the likelihood that a lender joins a team, and that joining a team increases lending in a short window (1 wk) following our intervention. The impact on lending is large relative to median lender lifetime loans. We also find that lenders are more likely to join teams recommended based on location similarity rather than team status. Our results suggest team recommendation can be an effective behavioral mechanism to increase prosocial lending.

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