scholarly journals Latitudinal variation in shell growth patterns of Phacosoma japonicum (Bivalvia: Veneridae) from the Japanese coast

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Tanabe ◽  
T Oba
Keyword(s):  
Shell Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Latitudinal Variation ◽  
Japanese Coast

Geographical and latitudinal variation in growth patterns and adult body size of Swedish moose (Alces alces)

Oecologia ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
H�kan Sand ◽  
G�ran Cederlund ◽  
Kjell Danell
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Latitudinal Variation ◽  
Adult Body Size ◽  
Adult Body

Growth Increments and Geochemical Variations in the Molluscan Shell

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 72-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Shell Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Random Disturbance ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
External Shell ◽  
Periodic Growth ◽  
Geochemical Variations

Perhaps the one structural feature of the molluscan shell which has historically attracted the most attention from biologists and paleobiologists alike is the banding or growth increment variation associated with so many molluscan species. Such growth patterns are often prominently displayed on the external surfaces of shells and have long been the focus of serious biological and paleontological research (see reviews by Clark, 1974; Lutz and Rhoads, 1980). The usefulness of external shell growth patterns in ecological or paleoecological contexts is limited, however, by both the inability to distinguish true periodic features from random disturbance marks and by the extreme crowding of growth lines near the margins of mature shells. In the last two decades these problems have been surmounted with the recognition of periodic growth patterns within molluscan shells. Internal shell growth patterns are known from all classes of mollusks, but those in the Bivalvia have been studied most extensively. This is a result of the relative ease with which a complete ontogenetic growth record can be obtained by sectioning a shell along the axis of maximum growth (Rhoads and Pannella, 1970). Analogous ontogenetic records are very difficult, if not impossible, to obtain from coiled or spiral shells (e.g., gastropods) using current techniques (Lutz and Rhoads, 1980). This chapter, then, aims to review the major types of internal shell growth patterns described within molluscan shells (mainly bivalves) and to discuss their origin and applications in ecology and paleoecology. Also taken up in this chapter is a brief consideration of geochemical variations (stable oxygen and carbon isotopes and trace and minor elements) within molluscan shells. Physical-chemical, environmental, and physiological influences on shell chemistry are discussed in relation to how biogeochemical variations in the shell may be used to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions.

Food resource, gametogenesis and growth of Mytilus edulis on the shore and in suspended culture: Killary Harbour, Ireland

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Rodhouse ◽  
C. M. Roden ◽  
G. M. Burnell ◽  
M. P. Hensey ◽  
T. McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Aerial Exposure ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Detrital Carbon ◽  
Settlement Growth

Mussels, Mytilus edulis L. grow on the shore and are cultured on ropes in Killary Harbour, a fjordic inlet on the Irish west coast. The food resource available to cultured mussels differs from that available to wild mussels on the shore. Although phytoplankton densities as estimated from chlorophyll a concentrations are similar, the shore environment in the inner part of the inlet is characterized by high mean POC concentrations. This is because of the presence of variable amounts ofallochthonous detrital carbon.The annual cycles of flesh weight and ash content of wild and cultivated mussels were followed over two years. These cycles were related to the reproductive cycle observed by taking histological samples of mussel gonad, by plankton sampling for larvae and by monitoring larval settlement. Shell growth was measured in wild mussels by reading seasonal growth patterns on sectioned shells and in cultured mussels by following progress of the modal shell length of cohorts on ropes.Wild mussels have a partial spawning in early spring and spawn completely in the summer. Cultured mussels spawn twice during the summer, in the year following settlement. Growth rate of wild mussels decreases with increasing aerial exposure. The fastest growing mussels, at o % exposure, take about 6 years to attain the length attained by the mode of the cultured mussels after 18 months, when they are harvested.We conclude that wild mussels utilize a mix of phytoplankton and detritus as food during the summer and that large wild mussels can use detritus during the autumn and early winter for an increase in flesh weight and gametogenesis.

Age and growth of the queen scallop, Equichlamys bifrons, in the D'Entrecasteaux Channel and Huon River Estuary, Tasmania

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Wolf ◽  
RWG White
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Size Frequency Distribution ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Deep Bay

Growth of the queen scallop, Equichlamys bifrons, was examined at one site in the D'Entrecasteaux Channel and two sites in the Huon River estuary (Tasmania) by analysing growth rings on the shell and shell hinge ligament, tagging scallops, and using size-frequency techniques. Regular sampling of scallops revealed that shell growth of E. bifrons is seasonal, commencing in late spring and stopping in late autumn. During the remainder of the year, when the water temperature is below ~13�C, shell growth slows or stops and growth rings are formed on the shell and shell hinge ligament. The growth rings on the shell and hinge ligament of E. bifrons were verified as being annual by studying the growth of marked scallops. Long-term growth patterns were similar for E. bifrons from Middleton (D'Entrecasteaux Channel) and from Deep Bay (Huon River estuary). Tagging data collected over the 1992-93 growing season indicated short-term variation in growth between sites. Size-frequency distributions from Middleton and Deep Bay could not be interpreted because smaller scallops were scarce. Smaller size classes were present at Eggs and Bacon Bay (Huon River estuary) and the size-frequency distribution was resolved into age classes. Reasonable agreement was found between the von Bertalanffy growth parameters obtained from the size frequency, tagging, and growth ring data.

A Long-Term Growth Record Derived from Arctica Islandica (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from the Fladen Ground (Northern North Sea)

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Witbaard ◽  
G.C.A. Duineveld ◽  
P.A.W.J. De Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Arctica Islandica ◽  
Long Cycle ◽  
Northern North Sea ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Long Term Variations

Long-term variations in shell growth of the mollusc Arctica islandica (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from the northern North Sea have been assessed retrospectively using the annually deposited internal growth lines. Relatively young specimens yielded a detailed year-to-year chronology while the growth record of specimens older than 30 y yielded a time series with a length exceeding 100 years. The long-term growth trends demonstrated a marked alternating sequence of periods in which growth was below and above expectation. A 33-y long cycle could be discerned. Since the 1960s the growth patterns in Arctica from two nearby locations were opposite, while they resembled each other in the period before 1960.

scholarly journals A sclerochronological archive for Antarctic coastal waters based on the marine bivalve Yoldia eightsi (Jay, 1839) from the South Orkney Islands

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-281
Author(s):  
Alejandro Román-González ◽  
James D Scourse ◽  
Christopher A Richardson ◽  
Lloyd S Peck ◽  
Michael J Bentley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shell Growth ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
Environmental Archive ◽  
The Antarctic

The scarcity of long instrumental series from the Southern Ocean limits our understanding of key climate and environmental feedbacks within the Antarctic system. We present an assessment for the Antarctic mollusc bivalve Yoldia eightsi as an Antarctic coastal climatological archive, based on annually-resolved growth pattern of 20 live-collected specimens in 1988 from Factory Cove, Signy Island (South Orkney Islands). Two detrending methods were applied to the growth increment series: negative exponential detrending and regional curve standardization (RCS) detrending. The RCS-chronology showed consistent synchronous growth in the population for a 20 year period (1968-1988; expressed population signal ⩾ 0.85), a negative correlation between the RCS-chronology and the fast-ice duration record (r= -0.41, N= 24, P⩽ 0.05) and winter duration (r= -0.52, N=24, P⩽ 0.01) and positive correlations with mean winter sea surface temperature (SST; r= 0.57, N= 24, P⩽ 0.01), mean summer SST (r= 0.46, N= 24, P⩽ 0.05) and mean annual SST (r= 0.48, N= 24, P⩽ 0.05). The chronology appears to record the environmental conditions generated during the Weddell Polynya event (1973 -1976) as detectable abrupt changes in the annual growth patterns. Over eight years (1973-1980) a negative relationship between shell growth and suspended chlorophyll (i.e. a proxy for surface productivity) is apparent which is likely influenced by the seasonal deposition of organic phytodetritus on the seabed following surface water phytoplankton blooms. Our results form a basis for establishing Y. eightsi as an environmental archive for coastal Antarctic waters.

THE USE OF MOLLUSCAN SHELL GROWTH PATTERNS IN ECOLOGY AND PALEOECOLOGY

Lethaia ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONALD C. RHOADS ◽  
GIORGIO PANNELLA
Keyword(s):  
Shell Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Molluscan Shell

Validation of Corbicula fluminea Growth Reductions Induced by Copper in Artificial Streams and River Systems

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 904-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott E. Belanger ◽  
Jerry L. Farris ◽  
Donald S. Cherry ◽  
John Cairns Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Shell Growth ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Artificial Streams ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Testing Protocols ◽  
Clam Tissue ◽  
Impacted Site ◽  
Clam Population

Studies designed to evaluate impacts of copper (Cu) on Asiatic clams, Corbicula fluminea, in artificial stream and field environments were conducted. Adult and juvenile responses (survival and growth) to Cu, relevance to Cu bioaccumulation, site-specific comparisons, and the relation to observed densities of resident clams at an impacted site were assessed. Juveniles were more sensitive than adults; however, clam tissue and shell growth were significantly impaired (p < 0.001) for both juveniles and adults at 8.4–26.7 μg Cu/L in artificial streams. Tissue levels of Cu were 2.5–6 times greater at 8.4–26.7 μg/L exposure concentrations compared with background body burdens in unexposed clams. In studies conducted at the Clinch River, Virginia power plant, clam growth was reduced at 22.5–104.8 μg/L at a water hardness (180 mg/L) that was more than two times the hardness in artificial streams. Clam population densities in the river were well correlated with outcomes of field growth studies. Corbicula fluminea growth patterns are a clear and interpretable indicator of Cu contamination in natural and artificial streams and represent a viable alternative to contemporary chronic testing protocols.

Limits to opportunism in the evolution of the Arcoida (Bivalvia)

1978 ◽  
Vol 284 (1001) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Part ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Shell Microstructure ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Phylogenetic Constraints ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Characteristic Growth ◽  
Insight Into

The evolution, of the arcoid bivalves is a consequence of the interaction of three distinct, complementary groups of factors which determine organic form. Arcoid diversity has resulted from the opportunistic realization of possible forms, within a range set by the limitations of ancestral morphology, by characteristic growth patterns, and by the requirements of survival in available environments. Historical, phylogenetic constraints include the evolutionary heritage common to all bivalves, the filibranch gill, a shell microstructure suited to form sturdy hinge teeth, and the initial acquistion of a hinge and a ligament both based on the serial repetition of simple elements. Constructional, morphogenetic constraints include the geometrical limitations of the spiral exoskeleton, the unsuitability of the necessarily weak ligament for either epifaunal or infaunal specialization, and hinge teeth that must remain numerous and similar in form. The principal ecological determinant of arcoid form is that individual taxa be functionally adapted to live as shallow burrowers or as endobyssate or epibyssate nestlers, frequently on physically unstable substrates. This requirement is reflected in the close relationship between the overall proportions of arcoid shells and their habitats, in contrast with the conservatism of their soft-part anatomies. Analysis of the interaction between phylogeny, growth and adaptation provides sufficient explanations for individual arcoid forms, while collectively these determinants of form define the adaptive range of the Arcoida. It also yields insight into patterns of evolution. For instance, the repeated occurrence of close evolutionary convergence between arcoid taxa is as much a function of the limited range of solutions to problems of shell growth as it is of common adaptation to a single environment.

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