scholarly journals The 1988 and 2002 phocine distemper virus epidemics in European harbour seals

2006 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Härkönen ◽  
R Dietz ◽  
P Reijnders ◽  
J Teilmann ◽  
K Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals

scholarly journals Movements and site fidelity of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Kattegat, Denmark, with implications for the epidemiology of the phocine distemper virus

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rune Dietz ◽  
Jonas Teilmann ◽  
Signe M. Andersen ◽  
Frank Rigét ◽  
Morten T. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Home Range ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Swedish West Coast ◽  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
Limited Gene Flow ◽  
Satellite Tagging

Abstract Dietz, R., Teilmann, J., Andersen S. M. Rigét, F., and Olsen, M. T. 2013. Movements and site fidelity of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Kattegat, Denmark, with implications for the epidemiology of the phocine distemper virus. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70:186–195. Twenty-seven harbour seals were caught and tagged at the island of Anholt in central Kattegat, Denmark, the epicentre of the phocine distemper virus (PDV) outbreaks in 1988 and 2002 that killed 50–60% of the populations. The satellite tagging shows that harbour seals from Anholt moved widely across Kattegat with a maximum distance of 249 km from the tagging haul-out site. Overall, females travelled over a wider area compared with males [90% kernel home range (KHR) females, 5189 km2; males, 3293 km2). KHR calculated for yearlings (6414 km2) is larger than for subadults (2534 km2), which again is larger than for adult seals (1713 km2), showing a strong site fidelity, indicating limited gene flow between haul-out sites. Distances moved and home range sizes increased across autumn, peaked in February–March, and decreased through spring. During the breeding season in spring, all seals were very stationary around Anholt. The onset of the PDV epizootics in 1988 and 2002 took place when the Anholt harbour seals congregate on the Island during April. Anholt seal were also documented to have contact with infected seal locations at Hesselø, Læsø, and the Swedish west coast, although this contact takes place during winter prior to the documented summer outbreaks.

scholarly journals Status of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in mainland Norway

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Tormod Nilssen ◽  
Nils-Erik Skavberg ◽  
Michael Poltermann ◽  
Tore Haug ◽  
Tero Härkönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Cycle ◽  
Lower Estimate ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Aerial Photo ◽  
Norwegian Coast ◽  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
Minimum Estimate ◽  
Almost All

Harbour seals were counted along the entire Norwegian coast at known moulting haulout sites in the period mid-August to early September 2003-2006. In 2003-2005, almost all known moulting areas from Finnmark to Vestfold counties were covered by aerial photo surveys flown at altitudes of approximately 800-900 ft (243-274m), and at low tide (± 2 hours). Surveys in the Østfold County were flown in 2003-2006 at 300 ft (91m), and the small tidal amplitudes permitted counts to be carried out irrespective of the tidal cycle. In some sub-areas, two or three independent surveys were conducted. Visual counts using binoculars from smaller boats and islands were carried out in some selected areas. The surveys revealed a total minimum population of 6,705 harbour seals in Norwegian waters. Harbour seals were most abundant in the Nordland and Sør-Trøndelag counties with minimum estimates of approximately 2,500 and 1,500 seals, respectively. The presented minimum estimate is approximately 800 seals lower than an estimate obtained in a comparable study carried out during the moult in 1996-1999. Increased anthropogenic removals, and the phocine distemper virus (PDV) epidemic in the Skagerrak region in 2002, may have contributed to the current lower estimate.

Modelling the Spread of Phocine Distemper Virus among Harbour Seals

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
A DEKOEIJER ◽  
O DIEKMANN ◽  
P REIJNDERS
Keyword(s):  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals

In search of virus carriers of the 1988 and 2002 phocine distemper virus outbreaks in European harbour seals

2007 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kreutzer ◽  
R. Kreutzer ◽  
U. Siebert ◽  
G. Müller ◽  
P. Reijnders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals

scholarly journals Phylogenomic insights to the origin and spread of phocine distemper virus in European harbour seals in 1988 and 2002

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Stokholm ◽  
T Härkönen ◽  
KC Harding ◽  
U Siebert ◽  
K Lehnert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals

scholarly journals Predicting recurrent PDV epizootics in European harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tero Härkönen ◽  
Karin C Harding
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Sea Area

Phocine Distemper Virus (PDV) caused mass mortality in European harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in 1988 and in 2002. Both epizootics likely originated from refugia in Arctic seals, where data indicate PDV hops among populations and species. The metapopulation structure of host populations is suggested to be the reason why PDV is preserved among Arctic seals, since the high rate of spread of PDV would require much larger panmictic populations to maintain an infection. The pattern of sudden outbreaks of PDVis also seen in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), the only to date identified species that could act as a vector between Arctic and North Sea seal populations. Harbour seal populations along mainland Europe were below critical herd immunity levels by 3-5 years after the events, and thus vulnerable for new outbreaks, but historical data and the 14 years between the 2 epizootics suggest that harbour seals in the North Sea area are only rarely exposed to the infective agent. The risk for new outbreaks of the seal plague in North Sea harbour seals is likely linked to the dynamics of the disease in Arctic seal species as well asvector species.

Phocine distemper virus (PDV) seroprevalence as predictor for future outbreaks in harbour seals

2016 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Ludes-Wehrmeister ◽  
Claudia Dupke ◽  
Timm C. Harder ◽  
Wolfgang Baumgärtner ◽  
Ludwig Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Harbour Seals
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