scholarly journals High occurrence rate of xanthomatosis and nephrocalcinosis in aquarium-housed Atlantic wolffish Anarhichas lupus and spotted wolffish A. minor

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
K Béland ◽  
E Wong ◽  
JF St-Cyr ◽  
S Lair
Keyword(s):  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Fatty Material ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
The North ◽  
Spotted Wolffish ◽  
Atlantic Wolffish ◽  
A Minor

The Atlantic wolffish (AW) and the spotted wolffish (SW) are long-lived fish found in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans and are respectively classified as special concern and threatened species, mainly due to fisheries bycatch. To better understand health issues associated with the care of these species in public aquaria, reports from all necropsies performed in 2 zoological institutions between 2009 and 2019 were reviewed (31 AW and 8 SW). These wolffish were fed with a similar fish-based diet and kept in multi-species exhibits with comparable environmental parameters. The most frequent necropsy findings were the presence of xanthomas (AW: 41.9%; SW: 75.0%), nephrocalcinosis (AW: 42.9%; SW: 75.0%) and urocystoliths (AW: 6.5%; SW: 62.5%). Xanthomas were mostly located at the base of pectoral fins and were characterized by extensive granulomatous inflammation centered on accumulations of partly mineralized degenerate fatty material, mainly composed of cholesterol crystals. Nephrocalcinosis was characterized by the deposition of calcium salts within the renal tubules and was commonly associated with tubular necrosis. The aquarium-housed wolffish were fed a coldwater fish-based diet. However, the natural diet of wolffish is composed mostly of invertebrates such as urchins and crustaceans. Differences in nutrient composition between these diets, such as lipid and mineral content, may have contributed to the development of xanthomatosis, nephrocalcinosis and urocystolithiasis in wolffish housed in these institutions.

Intraspecific mitogenomics of three marine species-at-risk: Atlantic, spotted, and northern wolffish (Anarhichas spp.)

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda A. Lait ◽  
Steven M. Carr
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
The North ◽  
Spotted Wolffish ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Refugia Within Refugia ◽  
A Minor

High-resolution mitogenomics of within-species relationships can answer such phylogeographic questions as how species survived the most recent glaciation, as well as identify contemporary factors such as physical barriers, isolation, and gene flow. We examined the mitogenomic population structure of three at-risk species of wolffish: Atlantic (Anarhichas lupus), spotted (A. minor), and northern (A. denticulatus). These species are extensively sympatric across the North Atlantic but exhibit very different life history strategies, a combination that results in concordant and discordant patterns of genetic variation and structure. Wolffish haplogroups were not structured geographically: Atlantic and spotted wolffish each comprised three shallow clades, whereas northern wolffish comprised two deeper but unstructured lineages. We suggest that wolffish species survived in isolation in multiple glacial refugia, either refugia within refugia (Atlantic and spotted wolffish) or more distant refugia (northern wolffish), followed by secondary admixture upon post-glacial recolonisation of the North Atlantic.

scholarly journals Statherian (ca. 1714–1680 Ma) Extension-Related Magmatism and Deformation in the Southwestern Korean Peninsula and Its Geological Significance: Constraints from the Petrological, Structural, Geochemical and Geochronological Studies of Newly Identified Granitoids

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Byung-Choon Lee ◽  
Weon-Seo Kee ◽  
Uk-Hwan Byun ◽  
Sung-Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Alkali Feldspar ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
The North ◽  
Deformation Event ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
A Minor ◽  
T Values

In this study, petrological, structural, geochemical, and geochronological analyses of the Statherian alkali feldspar granite and porphyritic alkali feldspar granite in the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula were conducted to examine petrogenesis of the granitoids and their tectonic setting. Zircon U-Pb dating revealed that the two granites formed around 1.71 Ga and 1.70–1.68 Ga, respectively. The results of the geochemical analyses showed that both of the granites have a high content of K2O, Nb, Ta, and Y, as well as high FeOt/MgO and Ga/Al ratios. Both granites have alkali-calcic characteristics with a ferroan composition, indicating an A-type affinity. Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic compositions yielded negative εHf(t) values (−3.5 to −10.6), indicating a derivation from ancient crustal materials. Both granite types underwent ductile deformation and exhibited a dextral sense of shear with a minor extension component. Based on field relationships and zircon U-Pb dating, it was considered that the deformation event postdated the emplacement of the alkali feldspar granite and terminated soon after the emplacement of the porphyritic alkali feldspar granite in an extensional setting. These data indicated that there were extension-related magmatic activities accompanying ductile deformation in the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula during 1.71–1.68 Ga. The Statherian extension-related events are well correlated with those in the midwestern part of the Korean and eastern parts of the North China Craton.

scholarly journals Diet among oil-workers on off-shore oil installations in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Oshaug ◽  
L. I. Østgård ◽  
K. U. Trygg
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Average Daily Intake ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Oil Workers ◽  
A Minor

Dietary studies based on 24 h recalls were carried out on four oil installations in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. Two hundred and three persons were interviewed about what they had eaten the previous 24 h. Food purchased for the installations in the previous 5 months was recorded. Results based on 24 h recalls showed that average daily intake of energy was 12.2 MJ of which 17% came from protein, 44% from fat and 39% from carbohydrate, including 8% from sugar. Meat, vegetables, fresh fruits, seafood (shellfish), french fries, eggs, cream and ice-cream were important components of the diet, while bread, fish and cereals played a minor role. Average daily intake (mg) of nutrients were: calcium 1244, iron 15, vitamin A 1049 μg, vitamin D 4.1 μg, thiamin 1.6, riboflavin 2.2, nicotinic acid 22, ascorbic acid 143. Dietary fibre intake, estimated as unavailable carbohydrate, was on average 19 g, and the average daily intake of cholesterol was 755 mg. Intakes were compared with the Norwegian recommended dietary allowance. Most of the employees chose a diet which when eaten over a longer period of time may contribute to the development of coronary heart diseases (CHD) and thereby increase the morbidity and mortality from CHD in the oil industry.

scholarly journals Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Kidney Injury in 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine Nephropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Mara Klinkhammer ◽  
Sonja Djudjaj ◽  
Uta Kunter ◽  
Runolfur Palsson ◽  
Vidar Orn Edvardsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Reparative Process

BackgroundHereditary deficiency of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase causes 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA) nephropathy, a rare condition characterized by formation of 2,8-DHA crystals within renal tubules. Clinical relevance of rodent models of 2,8-DHA crystal nephropathy induced by excessive adenine intake is unknown.MethodsUsing animal models and patient kidney biopsies, we assessed the pathogenic sequelae of 2,8-DHA crystal-induced kidney damage. We also used knockout mice to investigate the role of TNF receptors 1 and 2 (TNFR1 and TNFR2), CD44, or alpha2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG), all of which are involved in the pathogenesis of other types of crystal-induced nephropathies.ResultsAdenine-enriched diet in mice induced 2,8-DHA nephropathy, leading to progressive kidney disease, characterized by crystal deposits, tubular injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Kidney injury depended on crystal size. The smallest crystals were endocytosed by tubular epithelial cells. Crystals of variable size were excreted in urine. Large crystals obstructed whole tubules. Medium-sized crystals induced a particular reparative process that we term extratubulation. In this process, tubular cells, in coordination with macrophages, overgrew and translocated crystals into the interstitium, restoring the tubular luminal patency; this was followed by degradation of interstitial crystals by granulomatous inflammation. Patients with adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency showed similar histopathological findings regarding crystal morphology, crystal clearance, and renal injury. In mice, deletion of Tnfr1 significantly reduced tubular CD44 and annexin two expression, as well as inflammation, thereby ameliorating the disease course. In contrast, genetic deletion of Tnfr2, Cd44, or Ahsg had no effect on the manifestations of 2,8-DHA nephropathy.ConclusionsRodent models of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of 2,8-DHA nephropathy and crystal clearance have clinical relevance and offer insight into potential future targets for therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Recreational Harvest of Sharks and Rays in Western Australia Is Only a Minor Component of the Total Harvest

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6215
Author(s):  
Matias Braccini ◽  
Eva Lai ◽  
Karina Ryan ◽  
Stephen Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
The North ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Unknown Status ◽  
Reef Sharks ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Port Jackson

Sharks and rays are a global conservation concern with an increasing number of species considered at risk of extinction, mostly due to overfishing. Although the recreational harvest of sharks and rays is poorly documented and generally minimal, it can be comparable to the commercial harvest. In this study, we quantified the recreational harvest of sharks and rays in Western Australia, a region with a marine coastline greater than 20,000 km. A total of 33 species/taxonomic groups were identified, with the harvest dominated by dusky and bronze whalers, blacktip reef sharks, gummy sharks, Port Jackson sharks, wobbegongs, and rays and skates. Eighty-five percent of individuals were released with an unknown status (alive or dead). We found a latitudinal gradient of species composition, with tropical and subtropical species of the genus Carcharhinus dominating in the north and temperate species from a range of families dominating in the south. Overall, our findings showed that the recreational harvest was negligible when compared with commercial landings.

Features of the course of birth in northern domestic deer in the conditions of the North-East of Russia (Yakutia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
V. Fedorov ◽  
T. Ippolitova ◽  
E. Sleptsov ◽  
K. Plemyashov
Keyword(s):  
Living Environment ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Harsh Conditions ◽  
Generic Process

Purpose: Determination of the peculiarities of the behavior and the flow of childbirth in females (wrenches) of the northern home deer of the Even Breed of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), depending on the natural climatic zone of breeding.Material and research methods. Research of the reservation of the hotel's reservoir of the northern home deer was held from April to June in the reindeer herds of the mountain-taiga (FSUE «Yuchjuyuskoye») and the Tundrov zones (SHPZK «Taba-Yana») of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the conditions of nomadic home reindeer herding since 2013 2018 In the study, the method of observation is used with the registration of motor activity of animals and the activities of individual bodies in a certain living environment.Results. To fix some patterns and species features of the generic process, 8 main elementary behavioral reactions spent venizables of northern domestic deer per day before childbirth: walking, feeding feed, chewing, leisure standing, rest lying, sleep, urination (how many times / total time), defecation (how many times / total time). Also marked 4 behavioral reactions on the hotel day: the exploitation time of the fetus, the licking of the calf, the time of the calf on his feet after delivery, the first reception of the mosper calf after birth. For each parameter, data reflected in tabular format is obtained.Conclusion. It has been established that the degree of adaptation of the northern domestic deer to the harsh conditions of existence in various natural-climatic zones of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is very high, which is manifested in a minor difference in the duration of the generic process and behavioral reactions at the vainer of the mountain and tundra and tundra dilution zones.

Decline in Atlantic wolffish Anarhichas lupus in the North Sea: Impacts of fishing pressure and climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna K. Bluemel ◽  
Simon Fischer ◽  
David W. Kulka ◽  
Christopher P. Lynam ◽  
Jim R. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Anarhichas Lupus ◽  
Atlantic Wolffish

scholarly journals Sensitivity of modeled atmospheric nitrogen species to variations in sea salt emissions in the North and Baltic Sea regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (20) ◽  
pp. 29705-29745
Author(s):  
D. Neumann ◽  
V. Matthias ◽  
J. Bieser ◽  
A. Aulinger ◽  
M. Quante
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
The North ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Coarse sea salt particles are emitted ubiquitously from the oceans' surfaces by wave breaking and bubble bursting processes. These particles impact atmospheric chemistry by affecting condensation of gas-phase species and nucleation of new fine particles, particularly in regions with high air pollution. In this study, atmospheric particle concentrations are modeled for the North and Baltic Sea regions, Northwestern Europe, using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system and evaluated against European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) measurement data. As model extension, sea salt emissions are scaled by water salinity because of low salinity in large parts of the Baltic Sea and in certain river estuaries. The resulting improvement in predicted sea salt concentrations is assessed. The contribution of surf zone emissions is separately considered. Additionally, the impact of sea salt particles on atmospheric nitrate, ammonium and sulfate concentrations is evaluated. The comparisons show that sea salt concentrations are commonly overestimated at coastal stations and partly underestimated when going inland. The introduced salinity scaling improves predicted Baltic Sea sea salt concentrations considerably. Dates of measured peak concentrations are appropriately reproduced by the model. The impact of surf zone emissions is negligible in both seas. Nevertheless, they might be relevant because surf zone emissions were cut at an upper threshold in this study. Deactivating sea salt leads to a minor increase of NH4+ and NO3- and a minor decrease of SO42- concentrations. However, the overall effect is very low and lower than the deviation from measurements. Size resolved measurements of Na+, NH4+, NO3-, and SO42- are needed for a more detailed analysis on the impact of sea salt particles.

scholarly journals Climatology of Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) Observed with GPS Networks in the North African Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temitope Seun Oluwadare ◽  
Norbert Jakowski ◽  
Cesar E. Valladares ◽  
Andrew Oke-Ovie Akala ◽  
Oladipo E. Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
North African ◽  
African Region ◽  
Atmospheric Gravity Waves ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
The North ◽  
Atmospheric Gravity

Abstract We present for the first time the climatology of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) by using Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver networks on geomagnetically quiet days (Kp ≤ 3) over the North African region during 2008-2016. The MSTIDs appear frequently as oscillating waves or wave-like structures in electron density induced by the passage of Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGW) propagating through the neutral atmosphere and consequently, causing fluctuation in the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC). The TEC perturbations (dTEC) data are derived from dual frequency GPS-measurements. We have statistically analyzed the MSTIDs characteristics, occurrence rate, seasonal behavior as well as the interannual dependence. The results show a local and seasonal dependence of nighttime and daytime MSTIDs. The propagation direction is predominantly towards the South (equatorward), MSTIDs event period is (12 ≤ period ≤ 53 mins), and dominant amplitude (0.08 ≤ amp ≤ ~1.5 TECU), with a propagation velocity higher at daytime than nighttime. The amplitudes of the MSTIDs increase with solar activity. The local MSTIDs Spatio-temporal heat reveals variability in disturbance occurrence time, but seems to be dominant within the hours of (Northwest: 1200–1600 LT) and (Northeast: 1000–1400 LT) in December solstice during daytime, and around (NW: 2100–0200 LT) and (NE: 1900–0200 LT) in June solstice, but get extended to March equinox during solar maximum (2014) during the nighttime. The time series of MSTIDs regional distribution map is also generated. Atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) seems to be responsible for the daytime MSTIDs occurrence.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bacterial Communities on North Sea Macroalgae and Characterization of the Isolated Planctomycetes Adhaeretor mobilis gen. nov., sp. nov., Roseimaritima multifibrata sp. nov., Rosistilla ulvae sp. nov. and Rubripirellula lacrimiformis sp. nov.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1494
Author(s):  
Sandra Wiegand ◽  
Patrick Rast ◽  
Nicolai Kallscheuer ◽  
Mareike Jogler ◽  
Anja Heuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Epiphytic Communities ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Phylum Planctomycetes

Planctomycetes are bacteria that were long thought to be unculturable, of low abundance, and therefore neglectable in the environment. This view changed in recent years, after it was shown that members of the phylum Planctomycetes can be abundant in many aquatic environments, e.g., in the epiphytic communities on macroalgae surfaces. Here, we analyzed three different macroalgae from the North Sea and show that Planctomycetes is the most abundant bacterial phylum on the alga Fucus sp., while it represents a minor fraction of the surface-associated bacterial community of Ulva sp. and Laminaria sp. Especially dominant within the phylum Planctomycetes were Blastopirellula sp., followed by Rhodopirellula sp., Rubripirellula sp., as well as other Pirellulaceae and Lacipirellulaceae, but also members of the OM190 lineage. Motivated by the observed abundance, we isolated four novel planctomycetal strains to expand the collection of species available as axenic cultures since access to different strains is a prerequisite to investigate the success of planctomycetes in marine environments. The isolated strains constitute four novel species belonging to one novel and three previously described genera in the order Pirellulales, class Planctomycetia, phylum Planctomycetes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document