scholarly journals Novel dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) outbreak among Mediterranean striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba in Italian waters

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pautasso ◽  
B Iulini ◽  
C Grattarola ◽  
F Giorda ◽  
M Goria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Dolphin Morbillivirus

Localization of Viral Antigens and Brain Ultrastructural Findings in Striped Dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) with ‘Brain-Only’ Dolphin morbillivirus Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
G. Di Guardo ◽  
R. Giacominelli-Stuffler ◽  
M. Baffoni ◽  
G. Pietroluongo ◽  
C.E. Di Francesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Dolphin Morbillivirus ◽  
Ultrastructural Findings

Dolphin Morbillivirus Infections in Stenella Coeruleoalba Along the Sicilian Coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Puleio ◽  
D. Vicari ◽  
V. Currò ◽  
G. Purpari ◽  
A. Tamburello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Dolphin Morbillivirus

scholarly journals Post-epizootic chronic dolphin morbillivirus infection in Mediterranean striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Soto ◽  
A Alba ◽  
L Ganges ◽  
E Vidal ◽  
JA Raga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Dolphin Morbillivirus

Marine mammals are natural hosts of Oceanivirga salmonicida, a bacterial pathogen of Atlantic salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
R Palmer ◽  
GTA Fleming ◽  
S Glaeser ◽  
T Semmler ◽  
A Flamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Common Dolphin ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Striped Dolphin ◽  
Natural Hosts

During 1992 and 1993, a bacterial disease occurred in a seawater Atlantic salmon Salmo salar farm, causing serious mortalities. The causative agent was subsequently named as Oceanivirga salmonicida, a member of the Leptotrichiaceae. Searches of 16S rRNA gene sequence databases have shown sequence similarities between O. salmonicida and uncultured bacterial clones from the digestive tracts of marine mammals. In the current study, oral samples were taken from stranded dolphins (common dolphin Delphinus delphis, striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba) and healthy harbour seals Phoca vitulina. A bacterium with growth characteristics consistent with O. salmonicida was isolated from a common dolphin. The isolate was confirmed as O. salmonicida, by comparisons to the type strain, using 16S rRNA gene, gyrB, groEL, and recA sequence analyses, average nucleotide identity analysis, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Metagenomic analysis indicated that the genus Oceanivirga represented a significant component of the oral bacterial microbiomes of the dolphins and seals. However, sequences consistent with O. salmonicida were only found in the dolphin samples. Analyses of marine mammal microbiome studies in the NCBI databases showed sequences consistent with O. salmonicida from the common dolphin, striped dolphin, bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus, humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae, and harbour seal. Sequences from marine environmental studies in the NCBI databases showed no sequences consistent with O. salmonicida. The findings suggest that several species of marine mammals are natural hosts of O. salmonicida.

Dolphin Morbillivirus in the Mediterranean Sea

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Di Guardo
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Dolphin Morbillivirus ◽  
The Mediterranean

Methylmercury and Trace Element Distribution in the Organs of Stenella coeruleoalba Dolphins Stranded on the French Mediterranean Coast

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Wafo ◽  
Véronique Risoul ◽  
Thérèse Schembri ◽  
Véronique Lagadec ◽  
Frank Dhermain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Trace Element Distribution ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Contamination Levels

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the contamination by mercury (Hg), methylmercury (Me-Hg), cadmium (Cd), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in dolphins stranded on the French Mediterranean coast. The distributions of these contaminants in the organs of dolphins have also been studied. Overall, contamination levels varied according to the following sequence: liver > kidney > lung > muscle, except for cadmium (kidney > liver > lung > muscle). Size and sex of animals were also considered. Young dolphins were less impacted with trace elements than adults, except for copper. Among the studied parameters, the most important appeared to be the size of mammals. In addition, in the case of mercury and selenium, the sex of mammals seemed to be also relevant. The correlations between the concentrations of trace elements suggest the existence of detoxification processes. Since 1990s, using dolphins for tracing marine pollution, a slight reduction in the burden of the considered trace elements could be noted.

scholarly journals Determinants of lungworm specificity in five cetacean species in the western Mediterranean

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pool ◽  
Clara Romero-Rubira ◽  
Juan Antonio Raga ◽  
Mercedes Fernández ◽  
Francisco Javier Aznar
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Stenella Coeruleoalba ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
Pilot Whales ◽  
Common Dolphins ◽  
Prey Overlap

Abstract Background Current data about Pseudaliidae show contrasting patterns of host specificity between congeneric species. We investigated how both contact and compatibility between hosts and parasites contributed to the patterns of lungworm infection observed in a community of five species of cetaceans in the western Mediterranean. Methods The lungs of 119 striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba, 18 bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, 7 Risso’s dolphins Grampus griseus, 7 long-finned pilot whales Globicephala melas, and 6 common dolphins Delphinus delphis were analysed for lungworms. Parasites were identified by morphology and analysis of ITS2 sequences using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. Body length was used as a proxy for lungworm species fitness in different hosts and compared with Kruskal-Wallis tests. Infection parameters were compared between cetacean species using Fisher’s exact tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Phylogenetic specificity was explored by collating the overall lungworm species prevalence values in hosts from previous surveys in various localities. To explore the relative importance of vertical and horizontal transmission, Spearman’s rank correlation was used to look for an association between host size and lungworm burden. A Mantel test was used to explore the association between lungworm species similarity and prey overlap using dietary data. Results Halocercus delphini had higher infection levels in striped dolphins and common dolphins; Stenurus ovatus had higher infection levels in bottlenose dolphins; and Stenurus globicephalae had higher infection levels in long-finned pilot whales. These results are congruent with findings on a global scale. Morphometric comparison showed that the larger nematodes were found in the same host species that had the highest parasite burden. Lungworms were found in neonatal striped dolphins and a Risso’s dolphin, and there was a weak but significant correlation between host size and parasite burden in striped dolphins and bottlenose dolphins. There was also a weak but significant association between prey overlap and lungworm species similarity. Conclusions Data indicate that phylogenetic specificity has an important role in governing host–parasite associations, as indicated by the higher infection levels and larger nematode size in certain hosts. However, diet can also influence infection patterns in these preferred hosts and contribute to less severe infections in other hosts.

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