scholarly journals Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection dynamics in the Columbia spotted frog Rana luteiventris in north Idaho, USA

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Russell ◽  
CS Goldberg ◽  
LP Waits ◽  
EB Rosenblum
Keyword(s):  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Rana Luteiventris ◽  
Infection Dynamics

INFECTION DYNAMICS OF BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS IN TWO FROG SPECIES INHABITING QUITO'S METROPOLITAN GUANGÜILTAGUA PARK, ECUADOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Narváez-Narváez ◽  
Alejandro Cabrera-Andrade ◽  
Andrés Merino-Viteri ◽  
César Paz-y-Miño ◽  
Germán Burgos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Frog Species

scholarly journals Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) have characteristic skin microbiota that may be shaped by cutaneous skin peptides and the environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Loudon ◽  
A Kurtz ◽  
E Esposito ◽  
T P Umile ◽  
K P C Minbiole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Amphibian Declines ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Rana Luteiventris ◽  
Skin Bacteria ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

ABSTRACT Global amphibian declines due to the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) have led to questions about how amphibians defend themselves against skin diseases. A total of two amphibian defense mechanisms are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a component of amphibian innate immune defense and symbiotic skin bacteria, which can act in synergy. We characterized components of these factors in four populations of Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) to investigate their role in disease defense. We surveyed the ability of their AMPs to inhibit Bd, skin bacterial community composition, skin metabolite profiles and presence and intensity of Bd infection. We found that AMPs from R. luteiventris inhibited Bd in bioassays, but inhibition did not correlate with Bd intensity on frogs. R. luteiventris had two prevalent and abundant core bacteria: Rhizobacter and Chryseobacterium. Rhizobacter relative abundance was negatively correlated with AMP's ability to inhibit Bd, but was not associated with Bd status itself. There was no relationship between metabolites and Bd. Bacterial communities and Bd differ by location, which suggests a strong environmental influence. R. luteiventris are dominated by consistent core bacteria, but also house transient bacteria that are site specific. Our emergent hypothesis is that host control and environmental factors shape the microbiota on R. luteiventris.

scholarly journals Fragile coexistence of a global chytrid pathogen with amphibian populations is mediated by environment and demography

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1864) ◽  
pp. 20171444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarieke Spitzen-van der Sluijs ◽  
Stefano Canessa ◽  
An Martel ◽  
Frank Pasmans
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Environmental Mediation ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Bombina Variegata ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
The Individual

Unravelling the multiple interacting drivers of host–pathogen coexistence is crucial in understanding how an apparently stable state of endemism may shift towards an epidemic and lead to biodiversity loss. Here, we investigate the apparent coexistence of the global amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) with Bombina variegata populations in The Netherlands over a 7-year period. We used a multi-season mark–recapture dataset and assessed potential drivers of coexistence (individual condition, environmental mediation and demographic compensation) at the individual and population levels. We show that even in a situation with a clear cost incurred by endemic Bd, population sizes remain largely stable. Current environmental conditions and an over-dispersed pathogen load probably stabilize disease dynamics, but as higher temperatures increase infection probability, changing environmental conditions, for example a climate-change-driven rise in temperature, could unbalance the current fragile host–pathogen equilibrium. Understanding the proximate mechanisms of such environmental mediation and of site-specific differences in infection dynamics can provide vital information for mitigation actions.

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection dynamics vary seasonally in upstate New York, USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Lenker ◽  
AE Savage ◽  
CG Becker ◽  
D Rodriguez ◽  
KR Zamudio
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Infection Dynamics

scholarly journals Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Greener ◽  
Elin Verbrugghe ◽  
Moira Kelly ◽  
Mark Blooi ◽  
Wouter Beukema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wildlife Diseases ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Sixth Mass Extinction ◽  
Subsequent Exposure ◽  
Triturus Marmoratus ◽  
Amphibian Communities

Abstract Wildlife diseases are contributing to the current Earth’s sixth mass extinction; one disease, chytridiomycosis, has caused mass amphibian die-offs. While global spread of a hypervirulent lineage of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (BdGPL) causes unprecedented loss of vertebrate diversity by decimating amphibian populations, its impact on amphibian communities is highly variable across regions. Here, we combine field data with in vitro and in vivo trials that demonstrate the presence of a markedly diverse variety of low virulence isolates of BdGPL in northern European amphibian communities. Pre-exposure to some of these low virulence isolates protects against disease following subsequent exposure to highly virulent BdGPL in midwife toads (Alytes obstetricans) and alters infection dynamics of its sister species B. salamandrivorans in newts (Triturus marmoratus), but not in salamanders (Salamandra salamandra). The key role of pathogen virulence in the complex host-pathogen-environment interaction supports efforts to limit pathogen pollution in a globalized world.

Chytrid Infection Dynamics in Cricket Frogs on Military and Public Lands in the Midwestern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Crawford ◽  
Christopher A. Phillips ◽  
William E. Peterman ◽  
Irene E. MacAllister ◽  
Neil A. Wesslund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
Cricket Frogs

Abstract The pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (hereafter, Bd) is a causal agent in amphibian decline and extinction events. Sampling for Bd in the Midwestern United States has largely been opportunistic and haphazard, so little information exists on the true occurrence and prevalence of the disease. We repeatedly tested Cricket Frogs Acris blanchardi or A. crepitans at 54 wetlands in 2009 and 15 wetlands in 2011 on both public and military lands to estimate Bd occurrence and prevalence rates between different land-use types, sampling seasons (spring, summer, autumn) and sampling years. We found Bd occurred in 100% of wetlands we sampled in 2009 and 2011, and overall prevalence was 22.7% in 2009 and 40.5% in 2011. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis prevalence in 2011 was significantly higher than in 2009 and was significantly higher during the spring season than in the summer or autumn. We also found Bd prevalence was not significantly different on military versus public-use sites and was most affected by the average 30-d maximum temperature prior to sampling. This study provides data on the occurrence and prevalence of Bd in the United States and fills an important gap in the Midwest, while also corroborating prior research findings of increased prevalence in the cooler spring season.

Infection dynamics of Kudoa inornata (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) in spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus (Teleostei: Sciaenidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
I de Buron ◽  
KM Hill-Spanik ◽  
L Haselden ◽  
SD Atkinson ◽  
SL Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Seatrout ◽  
Cynoscion Nebulosus ◽  
Infection Dynamics

Systematic approach to isolating Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Waddle ◽  
M Sai ◽  
JE Levy ◽  
G Rezaei ◽  
F van Breukelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis
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