scholarly journals Genetic variation in heat resistance and HSP70 expression in inbred isofemale lines of the springtail Orchesella cincta

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bahrndorff ◽  
J Mariën ◽  
V Loeschcke ◽  
J Ellers
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Hsp70 Expression ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Orchesella Cincta

scholarly journals Genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity in circadian rhythms in an armed beetle, Gnatocerus cornutus (Tenebrionidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentarou Matsumura ◽  
Masato S Abe ◽  
Manmohan D Sharma ◽  
David J Hosken ◽  
Taishi Yoshii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Temperature Compensation ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Biological Clocks ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Free Running

Abstract Circadian rhythms, their free-running periods and the power of the rhythms are often used as indicators of biological clocks, and there is evidence that the free-running periods of circadian rhythms are not affected by environmental factors, such as temperature. However, there are few studies of environmental effects on the power of the rhythms, and it is not clear whether temperature compensation is universal. Additionally, genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity in biological clocks are important for understanding the evolution of biological rhythms, but genetic and plastic effects are rarely investigated. Here, we used 18 isofemale lines (genotypes) of Gnatocerus cornutus to assess rhythms of locomotor activity, while also testing for temperature effects. We found that total activity and the power of the circadian rhythm were affected by interactions between sex and genotype or between sex, genotype and temperature. The males tended to be more active and showed greater increases in activity, but this effect varied across both genotypes and temperatures. The period of activity varied only by genotype and was thus independent of temperature. The complicated genotype–sex–environment interactions we recorded stress the importance of investigating circadian activity in more integrated ways.

scholarly journals Additive genetic variation of transcriptional regulation: metallothionein expression in the soil insect Orchesella cincta

Heredity ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Roelofs ◽  
L Overhein ◽  
M E de Boer ◽  
T K S Janssens ◽  
N M van Straalen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Additive Genetic Variation ◽  
Orchesella Cincta

Influence of adaptive evolution of cadmium tolerance on neutral and functional genetic variation in Orchesella cincta

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2078-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Costa ◽  
Janine Mariën ◽  
Thierry K. S. Janssens ◽  
Cornelis A. M. van Gestel ◽  
Gerard Driessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Cadmium Tolerance ◽  
Orchesella Cincta ◽  
Functional Genetic Variation

Dynamics of heat-induced thermal stress resistance and hsp70 expression in the springtail,Orchesella cincta

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Bahrndorff ◽  
Janine Mariën ◽  
Volker Loeschcke ◽  
Jacintha Ellers
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Hsp70 Expression ◽  
Orchesella Cincta

scholarly journals Male genotype influences female reproductive investment in Drosophila melanogaster

2010 ◽  
Vol 278 (1715) ◽  
pp. 2165-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Pischedda ◽  
Andrew D. Stewart ◽  
Monica K. Little ◽  
William R. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Male Quality ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Male Genotype

In many species, males can influence the amount of resources their mates invest in reproduction. Two favoured hypotheses for this observation are that females assess male quality during courtship or copulation and alter their investment in offspring accordingly, or that males manipulate females to invest heavily in offspring produced soon after mating. Here, we examined whether there is genetic variation for males to influence female short-term reproductive investment in Drosophila melanogaster , a species with strong sexual selection and substantial sexual conflict. We measured the fecundity and egg size of females mated to males from multiple isofemale lines collected from populations around the globe. Although these traits were not strongly influenced by the male's population of origin, we found that 22 per cent of the variation in female short-term reproductive investment was attributable to the genotype of her mate. This is the first direct evidence that male D. melanogaster vary genetically in their proximate influence on female fecundity, egg size and overall reproductive investment.

Genetic Variation in Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Its Relation to Stomatal Conductance in Pima Cotton (Gossypium barbadense)

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenmin Lu ◽  
Jiwei Chen ◽  
RG Percy ◽  
MR Sharifi ◽  
PW Rundel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Gossypium Barbadense ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Selection For

Stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) was evaluated in primitive and cultivated Gossypium barbadense L. Significant differences among cultivated Pima lines were positively associated with the degree of selection for lint yield and heat resistance. A population mean study of a cross between B368, a primitive, uncultivated G. barbadense, and Pima S-6, an advanced line, showed that Δ is probably under genetic control, and could be a suitable selection trait in breeding programs. Eleven uncultivated accessions of primitive G. barbadense of varying origins grown in one environment showed a broad range of Δ values (18.8-20.50), pointing to substantial genetic variation of Δ in the G. barbadense germplasm. A was strongly correlated with stomatal conductance (gs) in the commercial lines, a segregating F2 population of the B368 × Pima S-6 cross, and the collection of uncultivated G. barbadense. This relationship indicates that variation in gs is the main source of variation for Δ in both uncultivated and commercial G. barbadense. The positive correlation between Δ, gs and yield in the commercial Pima lines provides further evidence for selection pressures on higher gs ensuing from selection for higher yield and heat resistance. Selection for higher Δ could increase yield in crops grown in hot, high irradiance, and well-irrigated environments.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation in the Feeding Behavior of Isofemale Lines of Nesidiocoris tenuis

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Chinchilla-Ramírez ◽  
Meritxell Pérez-Hedo ◽  
Bart A. Pannebakker ◽  
Alberto Urbaneja
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Prey Scarcity ◽  
Predatory Capacity

Zoophytophagous predators provide biocontrol services in various major crops of modern horticulture due to the combination of its predatory capacity and the induction of plant defenses derived from its phytophagy. However, under certain conditions of prey scarcity, these natural enemies can inflict plant damage. Exploitation of genetic variation and subsequent selective breeding on foraging traits is a potential alternative to overcome this inconvenience. In this study, we quantified the genetic variation of phytophagy and zoophagy of Nesidiocoristenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), a zoophytophagous predator widely used in tomato crops to suppress key pests. We compared nine isofemale lines on their capacity to produce necrotic rings and wilting on tomato plants as a proxy for phytophagy, as well as their efficacy to prey on Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs, as a proxy for zoophagy. Differences between isofemale lines in phytophagy and zoophagy indicated a genetic basis. Variation found in the zoophagy levels was larger than that in phytophagy levels. Our results showed that there is a genetic basis for the variation observed in the feeding behavior of isofemale lines of N.tenuis, highlighting the potential importance of selective breeding for such traits of biocontrol interest.

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