scholarly journals Role of ultraviolet radiation on phytoplankton extracellular release and its subsequent utilization by marine bacterioplankton

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Pausz ◽  
GJ Herndl
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton ◽  
Extracellular Release

scholarly journals Occurrence and Expression of Gene Transfer Agent Genes in Marine Bacterioplankton

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2933-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin J. Biers ◽  
Kui Wang ◽  
Catherine Pennington ◽  
Robert Belas ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Metagenomic Sequence ◽  
Marine Bacterioplankton ◽  
Extracellular Release ◽  
Gene Transfer Agent ◽  
Metagenomic Sequence Data ◽  
Search For Homologs

ABSTRACT Genes with homology to the transduction-like gene transfer agent (GTA) were observed in genome sequences of three cultured members of the marine Roseobacter clade. A broader search for homologs for this host-controlled virus-like gene transfer system identified likely GTA systems in cultured Alphaproteobacteria, and particularly in marine bacterioplankton representatives. Expression of GTA genes and extracellular release of GTA particles (∼50 to 70 nm) was demonstrated experimentally for the Roseobacter clade member Silicibacter pomeroyi DSS-3, and intraspecific gene transfer was documented. GTA homologs are surprisingly infrequent in marine metagenomic sequence data, however, and the role of this lateral gene transfer mechanism in ocean bacterioplankton communities remains unclear.

scholarly journals The Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Aetiology and Development of Uveal Melanoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Melissa Chalada ◽  
Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel ◽  
Bijay P. Dhungel ◽  
Christopher J. Layton ◽  
Jason C. Steel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Uveal melanoma (UM) is currently classified by the World Health Organisation as a melanoma caused by risk factors other than cumulative solar damage. However, factors relating to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) susceptibility such as light-coloured skin and eyes, propensity to burn, and proximity to the equator, frequently correlate with higher risk of UM. These risk factors echo those of the far more common cutaneous melanoma (CM), which is widely accepted to be caused by excessive UVR exposure, suggesting a role of UVR in the development and progression of a proportion of UM. Indeed, this could mean that countries, such as Australia, with high UVR exposure and the highest incidences of CM would represent a similarly high incidence of UM if UVR exposure is truly involved. Most cases of UM lack the typical genetic mutations that are related to UVR damage, although recent evidence in a small minority of cases has shown otherwise. This review therefore reassesses statistical, environmental, anatomical, and physiological evidence for and against the role of UVR in the aetiology of UM.

scholarly journals Ultraviolet Radiation and Chronic Inflammation—Molecules and Mechanisms Involved in Skin Carcinogenesis: A Narrative Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ciążyńska ◽  
Irmina Olejniczak-Staruch ◽  
Dorota Sobolewska-Sztychny ◽  
Joanna Narbutt ◽  
Małgorzata Skibińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Skin Carcinogenesis ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment ◽  
Skin Cancers

The process of skin carcinogenesis is still not fully understood. Both experimental and epidemiological evidence indicate that chronic inflammation is one of the hallmarks of microenvironmental-agent-mediated skin cancers and contributes to its development. Maintaining an inflammatory microenvironment is a condition leading to tumor formation. Multiple studies focus on the molecular pathways activating tumorigenesis by inflammation and indicate several biomarkers and factors that can improve diagnostic and prognostic processes in oncology and dermatology. Reactive oxygen species produced by ultraviolet radiation, oxidizers, or metabolic processes can damage cells and initiate pro-inflammatory cascades. Considering the potential role of inflammation in cancer development and metastasis, the identification of early mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis is crucial for clinical practice and scientific research. Moreover, it could lead to the progress of advanced skin cancer therapies. We focus on a comprehensive analysis of available evidence and on understanding how chronic inflammation and ultraviolet radiation can result in skin carcinogenesis. We present the inflammatory environment as complex molecular networks triggering tumorigenesis and constituting therapeutic targets.

5-MOP Induced Protection Against Epidermal DNA Damage by Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin: The Role of the Skin Type

1991 ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Antony R. Young ◽  
Christopher S. Potten ◽  
Caroline A. Chadwick ◽  
Gillian M. Murphy ◽  
A. Jeffrey Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Type

The Role of Ultraviolet Radiation on Cardiocirculatory Regulation and on Cardiovascular Risk

2002 ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
Rolfdieter Krause ◽  
Jeanette Dobberke ◽  
Malte Buehring ◽  
Werner Hopfenmueller ◽  
Heinrich Kaase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation
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