scholarly journals Species-specific differences in long-chain n-3 essential fatty acid, sterol, and steroidal ketone production in six heterotrophic protist species

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLE Chu ◽  
ED Lund ◽  
PR Littreal ◽  
KE Ruck ◽  
E Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Heterotrophic Protist ◽  
Steroidal Ketone ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Protist Species ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Lipidome analysis of breast milk composition in humans, monkeys, bovids, and pigs.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mitina ◽  
Pavel Mazin ◽  
Anna Vanyushkina ◽  
Nikolay Anikanov ◽  
Waltraud Mair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Lipidome Analysis ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Background Lipids contained in breast milk are an essential source of energy and structural materials for a growing infant. Furthermore, lipids’ long-chain unsaturated fatty acid residues can directly participate in infant tissue formation. Here, we used untargeted mass spectrometric measurements to assess breast milk lipid composition in seven mammalian species: humans, two macaque species, cows, goats, yaks, and pigs.Results Analysis of the main milk lipid class, triacylglycerides, revealed species-specific differences in the composition of fatty acid residues for each of seven species. While human milk showed more medium and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, pig milk composition was the most distinct, featuring the highest proportion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusions We show that breast milk lipidome composition is dynamic across mammalian species, changed extensively in pigs, and contains features particular to humans.

scholarly journals PUFA status at birth and allergy-related phenotypes in childhood: a pooled analysis of the Maastricht Essential Fatty Acid Birth (MEFAB) and RHEA birth cohorts

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Stratakis ◽  
Marij Gielen ◽  
Katerina Margetaki ◽  
Renate H. M. de Groot ◽  
Maria Apostolaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLower prenatal exposure to n-3 PUFA relative to n-6 PUFA has been hypothesised to influence allergy development, but evidence remains largely inconsistent. In the Dutch Maastricht Essential Fatty Acid Birth (MEFAB) (n 293) and Greek RHEA Mother–Child (n 213) cohorts, we investigated whether cord blood phospholipid PUFA concentrations are associated with symptoms of wheeze, asthma, rhinitis and eczema at the age of 6–7 years. Information on allergy-related phenotypes was collected using validated questionnaires. We estimated relative risks (RR) and 95 % CI for associations of PUFA with child outcomes using multivariable generalised linear regression models. In pooled analyses, higher concentration of the n-3 long-chain EPA and DHA and a higher total n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio were associated with lower risk of current wheeze (RR 0·61; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·82 per sd increase in EPA+DHA and 0·54; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·75 per unit increase in the n-3:n-6 ratio) and reduced asthma risk (RR 0·50; 95 % CI 0·31, 0·79 for EPA+DHA and 0·43; 95 % CI 0·26, 0·70 for the n-3:n-6 ratio). No associations were observed for other allergy-related phenotypes. The results were similar across cohorts. In conclusion, higher EPA and DHA concentrations and a higher n-3:n-6 fatty acid ratio at birth were associated with lower risk of child wheeze and asthma. Our findings suggest that dietary interventions resulting in a marked increase in the n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio, and mainly in n-3 long-chain PUFA intake in late gestation, may reduce the risk of asthma symptoms in mid-childhood.

scholarly journals The influence of α-linolenic acid (18: 3ω3) on the metabolism of γ-linolenic acid (18: 3ω6) in the rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Hassam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Deficient ◽  
Long Chain

1.Essential fatty acid-deficient rats were fed γ-linolenic acid (18:3ω6) at 2 % dietary energy and α-linolenic acid (18:3ω3) at 0, 1.6, 2.8 and 4.0 % of the dietary energy.2.18:3ω3 at 1.6% apparently inhibits the synthesis of the C20 and C22 ω6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω6 LC-PUFA) metabolized from 18:3ω6.3.However, increasing the dietary levels of 18:3ω3 from 1.6 to 4.0% has no further influence.4.The results suggest that dietary 18:3ω6 is an efficient precursor for the ω6 LC-PUFA synthesis even in the presence of 18:3ω3.

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