scholarly journals Pollen-food allergy syndrome in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Hoon Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Systemic Reactions

Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is an immunoglobulin E-mediated immediate allergic reaction caused by cross-reactivity between pollen and the antigens of foods—such as fruits, vegetables, or nuts—in patients with pollen allergy. A 42.7% prevalence of PFAS in Korean pediatric patients with pollinosis was recently reported. PFAS is often called oral allergy syndrome because of mild symptoms such as itching, urticaria, and edema mainly in the lips, mouth, and pharynx that appear after food ingestion. However, reports of systemic reactions such as anaphylaxis have been increasing recently. This diversity in the degree of symptoms is related to the types of trigger foods and the characteristics of allergens, such as heat stability. When pediatric patients with pollen allergy are treated, attention should be paid to PFAS and an active effort should be made to diagnose it.

scholarly journals Common food allergens and cross-reactivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Olivia L. Francis ◽  
Kathleen Y. Wang ◽  
Edwin H. Kim ◽  
Timothy P. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Protein Stability ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Tree Nuts ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Systemic Reactions ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

The most clinically relevant food allergens are cow’s milk, hen’s egg, peanut, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, and seeds. Heat-stable food allergens have molecular characteristics that enhance protein stability and gastrointestinal absorption and thus are more likely to cause systemic reactions on ingestion. In contrast, heat-labile food allergens lack these characteristics and do not typically elicit reactions if sufficiently altered by heat or acid. Immunologic cross-sensitization between food allergens is more common than clinical cross-reactivity. However, certain groups of food allergens, such as tree nuts, fish, and shellfish, are associated with high rates of clinical cross-reactivity. Knowing the rates of clinical cross-reactivity is important when providing guidance to patients with food allergy and families on what foods can be safely added to the diet and what foods should be avoided.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Significance of Food-Related Adverse Reactions in Adulthood

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3725
Author(s):  
Dóra Solymosi ◽  
Miklós Sárdy ◽  
Györgyi Pónyai
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Detailed Medical History

Background: Adults frequently interpret food-associated adverse reactions as indicators of a food allergy. However, the public perception of food allergy may differ from a clinician’s point of view. The prevalence of patient-reported food allergy tends to be higher than physician-confirmed cases. Dermatological manifestations (urticaria, pruritus, dermatitis, and edema) are frequently reported by patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe patient-reported symptoms related to suspected food allergies and particularly to characterize and highlight the volume of patients who visit Budapest allergy clinics with suspected food allergies. Methods: In this prospective study, adult (≥18 years) patients were examined at the Allergology Outpatient Unit of the Dept. of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest. The examination included a detailed medical history; physical examination; and when necessary the measurement of allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Results: Data from 501 patients (393 women, 108 men) were analyzed. Intolerance to dietary biogenic amines occurred in 250 cases (250/501, 50%). Oral allergy syndrome was confirmed in 71 patients (71/501, 14%). Allergy to food preservatives was diagnosed in 14 (14/501, 3%) cases by a dermatologist-allergist specialist. Five individuals (5/501, 1%) were diagnosed with IgE-mediated food allergy. In some cases (28/501, 6%), edema-inducing/enhancing side effects of drugs were observed which patients had misattributed to various foods. Among the food groups considered to be provoking factors, the most frequently mentioned were fruits (198/501, 40%), milk/dairy products (174/501, 35%), and nuts/oilseeds (144/501, 29%). Overwhelmingly, urticaria (47%) was the most common dermatological diagnosis, followed by dermatitis (20%) and allergic contact dermatitis (8%). Conclusion: Improvement is needed in food allergy, food intolerance, and general nutritional knowledge among the general public. According to our data, perceived/self-reported food allergies were overestimated by adults when compared against physician-confirmed food allergies; however, other diseases potentially responsible for food-related problems were underestimated. The prevalence of oral allergy syndrome was high in the cohort. Intolerance to dietary biogenic amines was common, and although the role of dietary histamine and biogenic amine is not entirely understood in eliciting patients’ symptoms, improvements in complaints were reported during the control visits.

Oral Allergy Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽  
Cemal Cingi
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Positive Skin Prick Test ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
Extreme Responses

Objectives To review oral allergy syndrome (OAS). Methods We searched several medical literature data bases with the following key words: “oral allergy syndrome,” “OAS,” “pollen-food allergy syndrome,” “PFAS,” “allergy,” “diagnosis,” “treatment.” Results Oral allergy syndrome (OAS), also called “pollen-food allergy syndrome,” is a type of food allergy brought about by flavors, nuts, raw fruit, and vegetables. The most well-known symptoms are mouth and throat itching, which starts rapidly after a food is placed in the mouth, and that, as a rule, continues for just a couple of minutes after the food has been swallowed. The frequency of OAS with pollen allergy has been reported as 5–8%; 1–2% of patients with OAS with pollen allergy show extreme responses, e.g., anaphylaxis. Birch tree pollen, ragweed pollen, and grass pollen hypersensitivity cause the symptoms. The diagnosis of OAS is confirmed by a positive history and positive skin-prick test result triggered by the food's fresh extract. Oral challenge result is normally positive with the raw food and negative with the similar cooked food. Conclusion Patients with grass allergy may have a response to peaches, oranges, celery, tomatoes, and melons. Patients with ragweed allergy may show OAS symptoms with melon, cucumber, banana, and zucchini. Physicians should be aware of OAS and know the appropriate treatment.

Clinical and immunological characteristics of sensitization to tropomyosins

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Marina A. Mokronosova ◽  
Tatiana M. Zheltikova
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Allergenic Proteins ◽  
Primary Sensitization ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Reaction Severity ◽  
High Concentrations

Tropomyosins are a family of allergenic proteins found in large quantities in all invertebrates. Tropomyosins sensitization causes a life-threatening allergic reaction up to anaphylaxis after eating seafood. Identifying the source of primary sensitization is important to predict the allergic reaction severity. This article describes a clinical case of chronic recurrent urticaria in an 8-year-old boy with tropomyosins sensitization. An 8-year-old boy was diagnosed with the following: controlled atopic phenotype bronchial asthma, food allergy (oral allergy syndrome), and chronic recurrent spontaneous urticaria. Component diagnostics revealed IgE-aB to tropomyosins in high concentrations from 38.79 to 43.38 kUA/l and cat and dog uteroglobin and lipocalins in high concentrations from 7.79 to 43.38 kUA/l. It is necessary to specify the primary sensitizer to analyze the clinical significance of allergens that provoke sensitization to various groups of allergens. In this case, sensitization to tropomyosins is most likely described as caused by either a helminthic invasion or midge bites. Therefore, food allergic reactions to tropomyosins caused from crustaceans were not observed.

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of Pathogenesis Related Class 10 Panallergens

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane K. McBride ◽  
Hsiaopo Cheng ◽  
Soheila J. Maleki ◽  
Barry K. Hurlburt
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
Variable Binding ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Immunocap Isac

Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) describes an allergic reaction where an individual sensitized by pollen allergens develops symptoms after eating certain foods. OAS is caused by cross-reactivity among a class of proteins ubiquitous in plants called pathogenesis related class 10 (PR-10) proteins. The best characterized PR-10 protein is Bet v 1 from birch pollen and its putative function is binding hydrophobic ligands. We cloned a subset of seven recombinant PR-10 proteins from pollens, peanuts, and hazelnuts and developed a standard purification method for them. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding of purified PR-10 proteins was analyzed by ImmunoCAP ISAC microarray and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with sera from allergic patients. We investigated the binding activities of PR10s by testing 16 different ligands with each protein and compared their secondary structures using circular dichroism (CD). The PR-10s in this study had very similar CD spectra, but bound IgE with very different affinities. All seven proteins showed a similar pattern of binding to the polyphenol ligands (resveratrol, flavonoids, and isoflavones) and variable binding to other potential ligands (fatty acids, sterols, and plant hormones). We suggest our protocol has the potential to be a near-universal method for PR-10 purification that will facilitate further research into this important class of panallergens.

scholarly journals Pollen-food allergy syndrome and component sensitization in adolescents: A Japanese population-based study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249649
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Kiguchi ◽  
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada ◽  
Mayako Saito-Abe ◽  
Miori Sato ◽  
Makoto Irahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
General Population ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis with pollen allergy has been prevalent worldwide and Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) refers to individuals with pollen allergy who develop oral allergy syndrome (OAS) on consuming fruits and vegetables. The prevalence of PFAS varies by region and that in Japanese adolescents remains to be elucidated. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the epidemiological characteristics of PFAS in a general population of Japanese adolescents according to pollen allergy, OAS, and IgE component sensitization. Participants comprised adolescents, at age 13 years, from a prospective birth cohort study in Japan. We administered questionnaires to collect information from parents regarding pollen allergy, PFAS and OAS at each child’s age 13 years. ImmunoCAP ISAC was used to assess IgE component sensitization. Among 506 participants with a complete questionnaire and ISAC measurement results, 56.5% had a history of hay fever, 16.0% had a history of OAS, 51.0% had pollen allergy, and 11.7% had a history of PFAS; additionally, 72.7% were sensitized to one or more tree, grass, and/or weed allergens. The most common sensitization (95.7%) among adolescents with pollen allergy was to Japanese cedar (Cry j 1). The most common causal foods were kiwi and pineapple (both 39.0%). Knowledge levels about PFAS were poor among affected adolescents. We found a high prevalence of PFAS among adolescents in Japan. Although it affects approximately 1/10 adolescents in the general population, public awareness regarding PFAS is poor. Interventional strategies are needed to increase knowledge and to prevent PFAS in the general population.

Serum immunoglobulin E reactivity to cross-reacting panallergen components in north-eastern Poland patients pollen sensitized

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-191
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kowal ◽  
Agnieszka Pampuch ◽  
Ewa Sacharzewska ◽  
Ewa Swiebocka ◽  
Zenon Siergiejko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Serum Ige ◽  
Ige Reactivity ◽  
Allergen Components ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Allergen Sources ◽  
Seasonal Pollen

Background: The presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE), which cross-reacts with allergen components, such as profilins, polcalcins, and cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants (CCD), creates a problem when selecting patients for allergen immunotherapy by using conventional methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sensitization to profilins, polcalcins, and CCDs in patients with seasonal pollen allergic rhinitis. Methods: The study was performed on a group of 112 patients with seasonal pollen allergic rhinitis, ages 14 to 55 years, with sensitization to at least one seasonal allergen (IgE > 0.7 kUA/L). The presence of IgE sensitization to recombinant (r) Bet v 2, rPhl p 12, rBet v 4, rPhl p 7, and CCDs, in addition to rBet v 1, rPhl p 1, rPhl p 5, was evaluated by using a multiparameter immunoblot. Results: Among the studied patients, 64.3, 80.4, and 41.1% were sensitized to birch, timothy grass, and mugwort pollen, respectively. Sensitization to profilins rBet v 2/Phl p 12 was demonstrated in 28.6%, to polcalcins Bet v 4/Phl p 7 in 8.9%, and to CCDs in 25%. In 29.3%, serum IgE reactivity to any of the cross-reactive components could be demonstrated. Serum IgE reactivity to rBet v 2 was always accompanied by IgE reactivity to rPhl p 12, and IgE reactivity to rBet v 4 was always accompanied by IgE reactivity to rPhl p 7. Among the patients with pollinosis co-sensitized to at least two allergen sources according to extract-based diagnosis, possible false-positive results due to sensitization to cross-reactive components were detected in 17.9%. Conclusion: Evaluation of sensitization to cross-reacting components may be useful in evaluation of patients with pollen allergy who are being assessed for allergen immunotherapy to optimize the constitution of their immunotherapy vaccines.

Prevention of food allergy

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 450-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Devonshire ◽  
Rachel Glick Robison
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Peanut Allergy ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Skin Prick Testing ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Infant Diet ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin E

Primary prevention and secondary prevention in the context of food allergy refer to prevention of the development of sensitization (i.e., the presence of food-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) as measured by skin-prick testing and/or laboratory testing) and sensitization plus the clinical manifestations of food allergy, respectively. Until recently, interventions that target the prevention of food allergy have been limited. Although exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months of life has been a long-standing recommendation due to associated health benefits, recommendations regarding complementary feeding in infancy have significantly changed over the past 20 years. There now is evidence to support early introduction of peanut into the diet of infants with egg allergy, severe atopic dermatitis, or both diagnoses, defined as high risk for peanut allergy, to try to prevent development of peanut allergy. Although guideline-based recommendations are not available for early introduction of additional allergenic foods, this topic is being actively studied. There is no evidence to support additional dietary modification of the maternal or infant diet for the prevention of food allergy. Similarly, there is no conclusive evidence to support maternal avoidance diets for the prevention of food allergy.

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