scholarly journals Korttelimaiset asumisen konseptit

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inka Lappalainen ◽  
Maija Federley
Keyword(s):  
Network Models ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Case Research ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Residential Context ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
Local Ecosystem ◽  
Implementation Models ◽  
Platform Economy

This paper analyses holistic urban housing concepts that combine spatial, social and digital solutions. The analysis is based on qualitative empirical case research, utilizing service-dominant logic approach and recent platform and sharing economy studies in residential context. The research focuses on 1) chosen service concepts to meet the diverse needs of residents, 2) related opportunities of platform and sharing economy, and 3) alternative network models considering life cycle perspective. The results indicate that value creation of housing expands from an apartment to a block providing sustainable base for all local ecosystem actors. While implementation models and applications of platform economy are still emergent, the conceptual frame is proposed for guiding further studies.

Platform economy as a new form of capitalism: a Régulationist research programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Montalban ◽  
Vincent Frigant ◽  
Bernard Jullien
Keyword(s):  
Research Programme ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Growth Regime ◽  
Long Run ◽  
New Process ◽  
New Form ◽  
Platform Economy ◽  
Mode Of Regulation

AbstractThe terms ‘platform economy’ or ‘sharing economy’ have become widespread with the development of digital platforms like Uber. This economy is transforming capitalism and raising important questions about its nature. Is it a new process of embeddedness or is it the next step for deregulation following the crisis of the financialised regime of accumulation (RA)? Is it a possible new Growth Regime? Using the approach of the French Régulation school of thought, we describe the nature and transformations of the form of competition inherent in platforms. Although this may favour some forms of re-embeddedness, we show that it will accelerate some of the trends and characteristics of the institutional forms of the financialised RA and that it is an endogenous product of its crisis. This raises further questions and uncertainties related to the ability of platforms to generate stable long run growth due to the dysfunctionality of the mode of régulation and the conflicts it could generate.

scholarly journals Emergence of Carsharing Business Models and Sustainability Impacts in Swedish Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Bocken ◽  
Alexandra Jonca ◽  
Karolina Södergren ◽  
Jenny Palm
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Concept Understanding ◽  
Case Research ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The City

The sharing economy has become prominent in the policy, business and academic discourse as a way to achieve greater levels of resource efficiency in sustainability transitions. An example is carsharing, which is regarded as a potential lever for change in sustainable mobility transitions. In this article we, apply the “ecologies of business models” perspective to investigate how carsharing initiatives have coevolved in Sweden. We focus on the city context as a useful unit of analysis to investigate carsharing in four Swedish cities: Gothenburg, Malmö, Stockholm and Umeå. Through qualitative case research, we investigate the following: How did carsharing business models coevolve in the studied cities? It was found that early notions of carsharing date back to the 1970s, but the concept has changed significantly over time, particularly with the emergence of (Internet) technology-based platforms. The findings suggest that carsharing is complementary to existing private car usage in cities, rather than a replacement. Based on this, we suggest pathways for local policymakers to consider when implementing sustainable carsharing solutions. The contributions are threefold: providing an empirical study on the theoretical ecologies of business models concept; understanding how carsharing coevolved in Swedish cities and in relation to wider sustainability and mobility trends; and giving novel insight into the role of local governments.

The Politics of the Sharing Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
David Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Platform Economy ◽  
Academic Debate

The current academic debate on the sharing economy (SE) seems to embrace three main discussions: its definition, its effects, and the role of regulation. A neglected topic here seems to be analyzing the specific implications of the changing nature of these firms boosted by private equity and venture capital. As the author points out, we need to analyze not only the impact of a changing business model but, specifically, how stakeholders, cities, and regulators should approach this moving target now called SE. In the following sections the author departs from a traditional definition of the sharing economy to start building the case for treating the SE at large as an epiphenomenon of the platform economy, and as a temporary condition based on a moveable business model. The chapter closes by introducing the regulatory hurdles that come associated with the previous and mapping out its different futures.

The Sharing Economy

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet B. Schor ◽  
Mehmet Cansoy
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Class Discrimination ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Subject

The “sharing economy” has become highly contentious. This chapter takes a broad view, addressing key issues in ongoing debates: terminology, participation, experiences, regulation, discrimination, and inequality. High cultural capital (HCC) participants, who are the majority, see themselves creating a virtuous moral alternative to the conventional market. However, their activities increasingly take place on large for-profit platforms that are resulting in a series of undesirable outcomes. These include pervasive racial and class discrimination, and the generation of inequality. The two largest platforms (Airbnb and Uber) have had adverse effects on urban housing and transportation, which have been the subject of recent regulatory efforts. Ultimately, the dynamism of the sharing economy, and the lack of fixed institutions, norms, and participants, means consumer researchers should be asking critical questions about the sector, its claims of common good, and its impact on social life.

Reverse Technology Assessment in the Age of the Platform Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Koen Frenken ◽  
Peter Pelzer
Keyword(s):  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Constructive Technology Assessment ◽  
Platform Economy

The rise of what is often referred to as the sharing economy is among the most daring challenges for cities around the world. Sharing platforms create opportunities for efficient market exchange, but also cause negative externalities for city dwellers. A challenge for city authorities is that platforms can be launched without ex ante assessment of externalities and public interests, leaving public debate and political deliberation ex post affairs. We call the platform innovation logic 'reverse technology assessment', which obstructs participatory planning and constructive technology assessment. We discuss the potential of an alternative policy framework known as 'right to challenge'. We end with a broader reflection on public policy regarding sharing platforms at different scalar levels, emphasizing local initiatives to develop alternative sharing platforms.

Varieties of Sharing

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-225
Author(s):  
Christian Papsdorf ◽  
Markus Hertwig
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Internet Communities ◽  
Gift Economy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Platform Economy

This chapter focuses on one element in the digitalisation of work: the forms and conditions of working in the so-called ‘sharing economy' (SE). Based on an analysis of 67 SE platforms, it distinguishes three segments, each of which constitutes a distinctive institutional sphere within the sharing economy: these are an ‘exchange and gift economy', a ‘niche and sideline economy', and the ‘platform economy'. In a further step, the study then identified and compared five dimensions of work within these segments: the type of activity, the form of compensation or recompense involved (monetary or non-monetary), skills and competencies required, the role of technology, and control mechanisms. Each segment is associated with a particular pattern of these dimensions. The chapter then discusses the shift in the traditionally understood determinants of work now observable in the sharing economy. While some of these determinants are being added to by new factors, others are being displaced by internet communities and the socio-technical structures and strategies of the platform providers.

scholarly journals Material Politics of Micro Urban Housing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shea MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Domestic Architecture ◽  
Societal Values ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Material Politics ◽  
Urban Conditions

This thesis investigates various socio-material trends that influence housing culture within increasingly intensified urban conditions. These trends indicate emerging societal values relating to affordability, the sharing economy and the reterritorialization of both domestic and urban environments. Design research contemplates how these values align with emerging theories related to material politics and how the design of our built environment can inform society’s perception of a greater affective density. These theories describe the interrelationships between architecture, our shared consumption of energy and resources, material agency, and designed flexibility of urban and domestic space. These interrelationships define a set of objective comparators that are used in the evaluation of various housing types that are familiar to western cultures. An analysis of this evaluation describes a morphology of domestic architecture that guides the design process of creating a micro housing model located in Toronto’s urban core.

scholarly journals The impact of the institutional environment digitalization on the sharing economy development

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343
Author(s):  
Anna Yur'evna Veretennikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Platform Economy

The spread of the sharing economy and the growing interest to this concept is caused by the transformation of business models, which is due to the redistribution of the importance of the economic, social and environmental goals of consumers, manufacturers and suppliers of goods and services. Institutional factors of doing business have a particular importance. At the same time, the rise of digital technology has become a catalyst for the transformation of the rules and regulations establishing transactions between economic agents of various levels. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of institutional environment digitalization on the sharing economy development as a basis for its further regulation. The novelty of the research lies in identifying regularities in institutional environment digitalization. The article describes various aspects of analyzing the sharing economy, reveals a narrow and broad interpretation of the studied term based on the fact that the sharing economy is a part of the digital and platform economy. It is shown that the sharing economy is also at the intersection of the access economy, platform economy and community-based economy. Two key approaches to sharing economy are defined: technological with the focus on sharing economy driven by the digital technologies and socioinstitional with the transformations of rules and standards regulating the interaction of economic agents within this model. Correlation-regression analysis is applied to test the hypotheses about the influence of institutional environment digitalization typical for formal and informal institutes, as well as the network relations on the development of the sharing economy. The European Index of Digital Entrepreneurship Systems (EIDES) and The Timbro Sharing Economy Index were used as an information base for the study. The research arrives at a nonlinear regression model showing the significance and impact nature of the development of network relations and social media on the sharing economy. Hypotheses about the influence of the digital component of formal and informal institutions have been refuted. The article justifies the need for the development of inclusive institutes to regulate sharing economy, which will stimulate the solution of social, economic and environmental problems in the society. The theoretical significance of the study lies in expanding the provisions of economic theory in the field of studying the transformation of economic relations under the changes in external and internal socio-economic conditions and the institutional environment development for sharing economy. The practical significance lies in the possibility to apply the conclusions and recommendations to improve socio-economic regulating policy for sharing economy at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels of economy. The results obtained in the research may be of interest to the specialists analyzing the transformation of economic relations and the problems of the formation and development of sharing economy. Further research will relate directly to the issues of institutional design of the sharing economy, as well as the study of the application potential to solve socially significant problems at various levels of management.

ABOUT USING FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH TO IMPROVE ACCURACY OF MINE VENTILATION NETWORK MODELS IN ENGINEERING SUPPORT TASK SOLVING DURING MINE RESCUE OPERATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
A.N. Domrachev ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Govorukhin ◽  
V.G. Krivolapov ◽  
D.Yu. Paleev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Mine Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation Network ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Systems ◽  
Systems Implementation ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
System Of Parameters ◽  
Param Eters

In this paper the possibility of using fuzzy logic approach in the predicting of param-eters of mine ventilation network model in engineering support task solving during mine res-cue operators is described. The structure and elemental composition of predicting system of parameters of mine ventilation network is offered. Estimation of discrete factors influence on parameters of the mine ventilation network changing is carried out. Regression model for di-rect using without fuzzy logic systems implementation environment is released.

Overview, Framework, and Research Propositions of Secondhand Exchange in the Platform Economy

2022 ◽  
pp. 129-152
Author(s):  
Catherine Anne Armstrong Soule ◽  
Sara Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Collaborative Consumption ◽  
Exchange Markets ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Platform Economy ◽  
Lateral Exchange

This chapter describes secondhand exchange in the context of the platform economy. Consumers have long engaged in reselling and buying used items as an alternative to purchasing firsthand items, but researchers have little understanding of how these exchanges are different theoretically from traditional consumption patterns. This chapter presents a clear definition of secondhand exchange and separates it from related concepts, including lateral exchange markets, the sharing economy, access-based consumption, and collaborative consumption. It is suggested that secondhand exchange and related consumer behavior in the platform economy can be understood by considering platform differences related to 1) when and how product ownership is transferred (i.e., direct and indirect), 2) the level of platform intermediation (i.e., low, moderate, or high), and 3) buyers' knowledge of reseller identity (i.e., unknown, obscured, and known). Research propositions are presented for these dimensions for each facet of the consumption process (i.e., buying, owning, and disposal).

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