scholarly journals Is Aphodius contaminatus (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) a threatened species in Finland?

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Tomas Roslin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Dung Beetle

The dung beetle Aphodius contaminatus has been considered extinct in Finland, owing to the decline in the horse stock. In 1995, I found the species to be widespread in Åland, though it showed an aggregated spatial distribution. I suggest that A. contaminatus is not to be considered a critically threatened species in Finland. Neither does it seem to be a specialist on horse dung- the larva is probably a generalist saprophage. The most likely explanation for the apparent extinction of the species is a seasonal bias in the sampling of dung beetle communities.

Effect of landscape structure on the spatial distribution of Mediterranean dung beetle diversity

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Numa ◽  
José R. Verdú ◽  
A. Sánchez ◽  
Eduardo Galante
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Dung Beetle

How does the knowledge about the spatial distribution of Iberian dung beetle species accumulate over time?

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge M. Lobo ◽  
Andrés Baselga ◽  
Joaquín Hortal ◽  
Alberto Jiménez-Valverde ◽  
Jose F. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Effects of Climate Change on the Distribution of Key Native Dung Beetles in South American Grasslands

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Maria Eduarda Maldaner ◽  
Thadeu Sobral-Souza ◽  
Victor Mateus Prasniewski ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Dung Beetles ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
South American ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Radical Reduction

Climate change is a serious threat, and it is necessary to prepare for the future climate conditions of grazing areas. Dung beetle species can help mitigate global warming by contributing to intense nutrient cycling and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions caused by cattle farming. Additionally, dung beetles increase soil quality through bioturbation and reduce nematodes and hematophagous flies’ abundance in grasslands areas. There are several dung beetle species inhabiting South American pastures, however, the effects of climate change on their spatial distribution are still unknown. Here, we aimed to predict the potential effects of future climate change on the geographical spatial distribution of the four most important (“key”) pastureland dung beetle species that are native to South America. We used niche-based models and future climate simulations to predict species distribution through time. Our findings show radical reduction in the spatial range of dung beetle species, especially in recently opened areas, e.g., the Amazon region. We suggest that the consequences of these species’ spatial retraction will be correlated with ecosystem services depletion under future climate conditions, urgently necessitating pasture restoration and parasite control, as the introduction of new alien species is not encouraged.

Spatial distribution of threatened species’ mother trees in selected forests over limestone in Samar Island, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Jessa B. Madera ◽  
Diana Shane A. Balindo ◽  
Zhereeleen M. Adorador ◽  
Jiro M. Adorador
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Threatened Species

scholarly journals Habitat preference and spatial distribution model of threatened species Saurauia microphylla in Mt. Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Helmanto ◽  
NISYAWATI ◽  
IYAN ROBIANSYAH ◽  
RIZMOON NURUL ZULKARNAEN ◽  
NABELA FIKRIYYA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Habitat Preference ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
North East ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Spatial Distribution Model

Abstract. Helmanto H, Nisyawati, Robiansyah I, Zulkarnaen RN, Fikriyya N. 2020. Habitat preference and spatial distribution model of threatened species Saurauia microphylla in Mt. Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2946-2954. Saurauia microphylla de Vriese has the potentials for medicinal uses, yet it is listed in the IUCN Red List under Vulnerable status. The natural population of this species is only found in highlands one of which is in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the population structure, habitat preference and predicted spatial distribution of S. microphylla in the Mount Slamet area. The method used was purposive sampling by establishing 103 observation plots with size of 20x20 m2 for each plot. The research parameters recorded were abiotic variables and biotic associations. Data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the most influencing environmental factors on the presence of S. microphylla. Species association of S. microphylla was analyzed using the Jaccard index equation. Spatial distribution model was analyzed using Maxent (Maximum Entropy) software. The results showed that S. microphylla populations were found in highland forest areas with elevations of 1689-2265 m above sea level, slope of 3-40°, temperature of 16°-26°C, air humidity of 49.3-90%, soil pH 5.8-7, soil moisture 5-70% and canopy cover of 0-92%. Our analyses revealed that elevation is the most influential factor in the presence of S. microphylla. There are 20 tree species which found around S. microphylla habitat with 4 species have significant association with the species. The spatial distribution model showed that S. microphylla spread across all the slopes of Mount Slamet with the southwestern slope was predicted had the most extensive habitat suitability for the species and become smaller to the north, east, and south slopes.

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

SEM evaluation of the TEM cold-stage double-film specimen

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Jayesh Bellare
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Liquid Sample ◽  
Thin Specimen ◽  
Sample Preparation Technique ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Film Specimen

Seeing is believing, but only after the sample preparation technique has received a systematic study and a full record is made of the treatment the sample gets.For microstructured liquids and suspensions, fast-freeze thermal fixation and cold-stage microscopy is perhaps the least artifact-laden technique. In the double-film specimen preparation technique, a layer of liquid sample is trapped between 100- and 400-mesh polymer (polyimide, PI) coated grids. Blotting against filter paper drains excess liquid and provides a thin specimen, which is fast-frozen by plunging into liquid nitrogen. This frozen sandwich (Fig. 1) is mounted in a cooling holder and viewed in TEM.Though extremely promising for visualization of liquid microstructures, this double-film technique suffers from a) ireproducibility and nonuniformity of sample thickness, b) low yield of imageable grid squares and c) nonuniform spatial distribution of particulates, which results in fewer being imaged.

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