Prediction of Mass Transfer in Hot Metal Reactors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Oliveira Campos ◽  
P. Gardin ◽  
S. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Hot Metal

Mass transfer of phosphorus in high-phosphorus hot-metal refining

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Diao ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Bing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
High Phosphorus

Kinetics of limestone decomposition in hot metal

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Tang ◽  
Qifu Xiang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yunlong Zhang ◽  
Xingyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Product Layer ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Shrinking Core ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Limestone Calcination

Compared with the traditional limestone calcination, this paper focuses on the conditions and temperature in hot metal where limestone calcines in converter steelmaking process. Considering heat transfer, mass transfer driven by concentration gradient and mass transfer (CO2 gas flow) driven by pressure gradient, macro kinetic models are established to describe limestone decomposition rate respectively. The method of rotating cylinder sample is used in the experiment of limestone decomposition in hot metal. The image processing software Image-Pro Plus is used to analyze the cross section of limestone calcined to get the unreacted core radius of cross section of cylindrical limestone. The results show that the decomposition mechanism of limestone follows the unreacted shrinking core model, the heat conduction of lime layer is the controlling step, the heat conduction and CO2 migration through the product layer determine the rate of limestone decomposition, and the corresponding kinetic equations are established.

scholarly journals Scrap melting model for steel converter founded on interfacial solid/liquid phenomena

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Kruskopf ◽  
Lauri Holappa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Melting Rate ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Interface Model ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Carbon Mass ◽  
Steel Converter ◽  
Solid Liquid

The primary goal in steel converter operation is the removal of carbon from the hot metal. This is achieved by blowing oxygen into the melt. The oxidation of carbon produces a lot of heat. To avoid too high temperatures in the melt cold scrap (recycled steel) is charged into the converter. The melting rate is affected by heat and carbon mass transfer. A process model for steel converter is in development. This model is divided into several modules, which are fluid dynamics, heat- and mass-transfer, scrap melting and chemical reactions. This article focuses on the development of the scrap melting module. A numerical model for calculating temperature and carbon concentration in the melt is presented. The melt model is connected with the solid scrap model via solid/liquid interface. The interface model can take into account solidification of iron melt, melting of solidified layer, a situation without such phase changes, and scrap melting. The aim is to predict the melting rate of the scrap including the properties of the hot metal. The model is tested by calculating the melting rates for different scrap thicknesses. All of the stages in the interface model were taking place in the test calculations.

scholarly journals Dissolution of Scrap in Hot Metal under Linz–Donawitz (LD) Steelmaking Conditions

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Penz ◽  
Johannes Schenk ◽  
Rainer Ammer ◽  
Gerald Klösch ◽  
Krzysztof Pastucha
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Ablation Rate ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
The Difference

One of the main charging materials of the Linz–Donawitz oxygen steelmaking process (LD) is scrap. Scrap acts as a coolant for the exothermic reactions inside the LD vessel and as an iron source in addition to hot metal. The optimization of the LD process is focused, amongst other factors, on thermodynamic and kinetic modelling. The results of simulations have to be validated in close to reality laboratory-scale experiments. A study was made on the dissolution behavior of common steel scrap in carbon-saturated hot metal which is charged into LD converters. In order to examine the effect of several parameters on diffusive scrap melting, the difference between stagnant and dynamic dissolution as well as the influence of the hot metal temperature were investigated. Using a literature-based equation the mass transfer coefficient of carbon between the solid scrap and the liquid hot metal was evaluated. The ranges of values of the ablation rate and the mass transfer coefficient for the appropriate systems are pointed out, resulting in a significant dependence of the investigated parameters.

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