SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH IN THE ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION DUE TO THE USE OF OLD-HAFT LANDS

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
G. Polunin ◽  
V. Alakoz ◽  
K. Cherkashin
Author(s):  
AWO Sourou Malikiyou ◽  
ALE Agbachi Georges ◽  
YABI Ibouraïma

La variabilité climatique dans les communes de Djidja et de Djougou engendre des conséquences aussi bien sur les niveaux de productivités, de production que sur les revenus des exploitants agricoles. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’étudier la vulnérabilité future des systèmes de productions agricoles face aux changements climatiques dans les Communes de Djidja et de Djougou.L’approche méthodologique utilisée comprend la collecte des données, leur traitement et l’analyse des résultats. Les enquêtes ont été faites dans les villages choisis sur la base de critères bien définis (la taille de la population agricole et son implication dans la production agricole). La méthode de D. Schwartz (1995, p. 94) a permis de constituer l’échantillon de 377 producteurs. Enfin, une projection climatique sur la période 2019-2050/2075 est faite au moyen du logiciel climatique « Climate explorer ».Il ressort des résultats de l’étude que, dans la commune de Djougou, la variation au niveau de la température minimale actuelle (RCP8.5) est comprise entre -1,62°C en 1992 et 2,29°C en 2075. La température maximale quant à elle varie entre -1,40°C en 1994 à 2,18°C en 2075. C’est à partir de 2071 que l’augmentation de la température minimale va dépasser les 2°C et si rien n’est fait cette hausse va s’accroître et devenir permanente. De même, dans la commune de Djidja, la température minimale la plus élevée est observée en 2075 avec des variations de 1 à 2°C pour les RCP4.5 et RCP8.5. Au niveau de la température maximale, l’année la moins chaude est 1992 (-1,33mm/jour) pour RCP8.5 et 1991 (-1,02mm/jour) pour RCP4.5. La même évolution s’observe au niveau des températures maximales. L’année 1992 reste la plus déficitaire avec une chute de -1,60°C et l’année la plus excédentaire sera l’année 2075 avec une hausse de 2,18 mm par jour, sur la période 1992-2080. La corrélation est observée en 2042 avec une valeur de 0,322 mm par jour. L’examen des résultats révèle que les valeurs des paramètres climatiques à savoir précipitations et évaporation sont à la hausse sur la période 1980-2080 dans la commune de Djidja. Suivant la trajectoire actuelle, RCP8.5, les années les plus arrosées sont 2037, 2070 et 2073 avec respectivement des variations égales à 0,17mm et 0,27mm de pluie par jour. Face à ces difficultés, les populations agricoles adoptent des mesures pour contrer les contraintes climatiques.ABSTRACTClimatic variability in the communes of Djidja and Djougou has consequences both on the levels of productivity and production and on the income of farmers. The objective of this research is to study the vulnerability of agricultural production systems to climate change in the Communes of Djidja and Djougou.The methodological approach used includes data collection, processing and analysis of the results. The surveys were carried out in the villages chosen on the basis of well-defined criteria (the size of the agricultural population and its involvement in agricultural production). The method of D. Schwartz (1995, p. 94) made it possible to constitute the sample of 377 producers. Finally, a climate projection over the period 2019-2050 / 2075 is made using the climate software "Climate explorer".The results of the study show that, in the municipality of Djougou, the variation in the current minimum temperature (RCP8.5) is between -1.62 ° C in 1992 and 2.29 ° C in 2075. The maximum temperature varies between -1.40 ° C in 1994 to 2.18 ° C in 2075. It is from 2071 that the increase in the minimum temperature will exceed 2 ° C and if nothing is In fact, this increase will increase and become permanent. Similarly, in the municipality of Djidja, the highest minimum temperature is observed in 2075 withvariations of 1 to 2 ° C for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. At maximum temperature, the coolest year is 1992 (-1.33mm / day) for RCP8.5 and 1991 (-1.02mm / day) for RCP4.5. The same development can be observed at the level of maximum temperatures. The year 1992 remains the most in deficit with a fall of -1.60 ° C and the year the most in surplus will be the year 2075 with an increase of 2.18mm per day, over the period 1992-2080. The correlation is observed in 2042 with a value of 0.322 mm per day. Examination of the results reveals that the values of climatic parameters, namely precipitation and evaporation, are on the rise over the period 1980-2080 in the municipality of Djidja. Following the current trajectory, RCP8.5, the wettest years are 2037, 2070 and 2073 with respectively variations equal to 0.17mm and 0.27mm of rain per day. Faced with these difficulties, agricultural populations are adopting measures to counter climatic constraints. Keywords: Djidja, Djougou, vulnerability, production system, agriculture, climate change.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Dias Turetta ◽  
Bruno Pedrosa ◽  
Luca Eufemia ◽  
Michelle Bonatti ◽  
Stefan Sieber

Open data are important for adding legitimacy and transparency to public sciences. These data have also a potential to be used as a first approach for scientific investigation, such as spatial evaluation of ecosystem services. This paper presents a methodological approach to evaluate the trade-offs between agriculture and supporting ecosystem services based on spatial analysis and open data. The study area is an important agricultural production region in Bahia State, Brazil. The framework was able to establish the spatial interactions between agriculture and ecosystem service provision, while the regional scale was useful in supporting guidelines regarding sustainable land use for agricultural areas.


2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
P. Bielik ◽  
Ľ. Gurčík ◽  
M. Rajčániová

After liberalisation established new relations in Slovak economy, it seemed that problems of agricultural companies differentiation would disappear. But the economic results of our companies confirm the existence of this problem. In the pre-reform period, agricultural production intensity was considered as a main factor of economic differentiation. Transformation of economy after 1990 changed the methodological approach to business performance evaluation. The interest was shifted towards the value evaluation comparing businesses with regard to financial indicators. These methods enable to classify enterprises into bonity classes and to set their sequence according to performance.


Author(s):  
František Nohel ◽  
Daniela Spěšná ◽  
Pavel Pospěch

The changes in Czech agriculture over the past twenty years have had their impact on the agricultural labour market, too. The regional differentiation of the chances of applicants on the labour market as well as the agricultural enterprises’ chances of hiring employees fitting their requirements, are, among others, influenced by the specific conditions of agricultural production. The aim of this paper pertains to two basic problem areas: first, the differentiation of respective regions based on the number of agricultural applicants and job vacancies, and second, the identification of disequilibrium on the agricultural labour market. The latter is based on a theoretical framework defined by approaches in economy dealing with labour market equilibrium. Due to the unavailability of economic data (including wages, economic performance, etc.) on the regional level, authors develop their own methodological approach, based on the number of applicants per job vacancy. A database of applicants and vacancies available from the Labour Offices is used as a source for the analysis and interpretation of data, enabling us to study the agricultural labour market not only sector-wise but also region-wise.


Author(s):  
Olena Lokutova ◽  
Olena Kashchenko

The subject of research is a mix of theoretical and practical aspects of the use of PR-consulting tools in the application of microfertilizers in agricultural practices. The purpose of the research is to identify, substantiate and enhance the approaches to the development of a set of PR consulting of tools as direction agricultural consulting to strategic promotion of the microfertilizers. The methodology. The article was written with the use of the following methods: critical analysis, abstraction, comparison, generalization, deduction and synthesis. This methodological approach makes it possible to consider and compare modern tools in the system of development and implementation of effective strategic PR-consulting. The results of the work. The features of PR-consulting in modern conditions were identified as an important component of the strategy of promoting these products in the Ukrainian market. Conclusions. The application of the tools described in the article will help to increase communication with final consumers, effectively to create PR-strategies and successfully to promote products in the market, positioning them according to current consumer needs.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8101
Author(s):  
Edwin Villagran ◽  
Rommel Leon ◽  
Andrea Rodriguez ◽  
Jorge Jaramillo

Global food production and availability in hot climate zones are limited by biotic and abiotic factors that affect agricultural production. One of the alternatives for intensifying agriculture and improving food security in these regions is the use of naturally ventilated greenhouses, an alternative that still requires information that allows technical criteria to be established for decision-making. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the spatial distribution of temperature and relative humidity inside a greenhouse built in the Colombian Caribbean. The methodological approach included the implementation of an experimentally validated 3D numerical simulation model. The main results obtained allowed to determine that the airflows generated inside the greenhouse had average velocities below 0.5 m/s and were mainly driven by the thermal effect of natural ventilation. It was also found that the gradients generated between the interior of the structure and the exterior environment presented values lower than 2.0 °C for temperature and −6.3% for relative humidity. These values can be considered low in comparison with other structures evaluated in other regions of the world where the gradients can reach values higher than 10 °C and 13% for temperature and relative humidity, respectively.


2020 ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Petro Putsenteilo ◽  
Yaroslav Kostetskyi

Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation and use of cluster analysis methods for forecasting investment development of agricultural sector enterprises. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of modern economics. The following methods are used in the process of research: analysis and synthesis – to study the object and subject of research; grouping, abstract and logical – for theoretical generalizations of research results and formulation of conclusions; tools of econometric modelling: method of cluster analysis, constructive and strategic forecasting – in the study of the state of the agricultural sector, substantiation of the directions of cluster formation, forecasting trends in the agricultural sector for the future; statistical analysis and generalization – to process an array of statistical and empirical data and formulate the relevant conclusions of the conducted study. Findings. The need to model the conditions associated with investment in an unstable external environment of the agricultural sector. The application of cluster analysis to study the state of the agricultural sector is proposed. The use of econometric modelling tools – methods of statistical analysis for forecasting the development of agricultural enterprises is substantiated. The cost of investments in agriculture of Ukraine is analysed. Originality. Recommendations for wider use of econometric modelling tools to ensure the process of planning and forecasting the development of the agricultural sector of the economy have been deepened. The scientific and methodological approach to forecasting the development of the agricultural sector for the future has been improved with the help of cluster analysis tools, which confirmed the rational use of territorial distribution by regions and growth of investment capacity of agricultural production and average labour productivity. Practical value. The obtained results of the study allowed to systematize the factors that most affect the results of financial and economic activities, and to identify three scenarios of agricultural production in clusters (in homogeneous groups of regions): realistic, optimistic and pessimistic forecasts, identify alternative trajectories of agricultural sector, compare forecasting volumes of agricultural production with domestic needs and estimate export growth. Key words: agricultural sector, investment support, methods of cluster analysis, investment development forecasting, cluster, scenarios of agricultural production development.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (30) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Illou Mahamadou ◽  
Bonkoungou Joachim ◽  
Souley Kabirou ◽  
Oumarou Bagoudou Sani

Irrigated crops are a credible alternative when it comes to freeing agricultural production from rainfall hazards. In addition to the irregularity and poor distribution of rainfall, the department of Kantché suffers from enormous problems related to the environment, socio-economic and sociodemographic contexts. This work proposes to analyse land and cultural constraints in order to promote the local economy. The objective is to diagnose the question of distribution and access to land. It is also a critical examination of the evolution of crops and the main constraints. To achieve this objective, the methodological approach was based on socio-economic surveys that collected quantitative and qualitative data. The main results show that there are disparities in land availability among farmers. Inheritance remains the main mode of access to land, but the purchase is becoming more and more important. With regard to crops, environmental and socio-economic conditions have led producers to abandon some crops in favor of others. The major difficulties are the poor distribution and irregularity of rains, the drop in soil fertility, parasitic attacks and cultivation techniques.


Author(s):  
I. F. Yurchenko ◽  

Purpose: to study, analyze and generalize the current state and prospects of IoT technologies in agricultural production, which allow making the right decisions, reducing risks and increasing the profitability of agricultural production based on the use of a unified information field, formed according to the data of all participants in the production process. Methods: as a basic methodological approach, the method of comparative analysis which made it possible to characterize the main approaches to the use of innovative technologies in the agricultural sector of the economy and determine the prospects for the development of unified scientifically grounded information systems integrated into the country's digital economy in agricultural production was used. Results. The analysis of the digitalization state of agricultural production and the Internet of Things market in domestic agriculture has been carried out, which revealed the need for their formation and development in accordance with the requirements of the departmental project “Digital Agriculture”. The main innovative solutions that characterize the concept of smart agriculture are presented, and the possibility of their application is established at the present time. The technical and technological equipment of agricultural production in the development, implementation and use of information technologies is characterized. The examples of innovative solutions, services and digitalization projects of agricultural production processes successfully implemented in the industry are given. The prospects and directions of using the Internet of Things technologies in the crop production system of the domestic agro-industrial complex are shown. The factors restraining the evolution of innovations of digitalization in agricultural production are determined. Conclusions. The planned introduction of IoT technologies will allow to reduce costs and production risks, as well as to increase labor productivity in agriculture in the Russian Federation by 2 times by 2024.


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