scholarly journals Research into technology of fastening the mine workings in the conditions of unstable masses

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Azamat Matayev ◽  
Arstanbek Abdiev ◽  
Adilzhan Kydrashov ◽  
Aibek Musin ◽  
Natalia Khvatina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
10Th Anniversary ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rock Stability ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Metal Support ◽  
Underground Mine Workings ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
Methods Numerical

Purpose.Determination of the rock stability along the strike of the mass, where the drift mining of the horizon -480 m is conducted, considering the possibility of using the improved types of supports in the conditions of the 10th Anniversary of Kazakhstan’s Independence mine at the Khromtau field with the substantiation of using the effective type of fastening that increases technical and technological, operational and economic indicators of the mine. Methods. Numerical modelling of the stress-strain state of the rock mass applied at the mine have been performed using the RS2 software in a two-dimensional formulation. The rock mass state, as well as the physical-mechanical properties of mine rocks are determined according to building codes and regulations (SNiP II-94-80), depending on the category of the rock stability. Findings. It has been revealed that the combined supports from rock bolts and shotcrete are the most rational type of fastening in the studied mine. The efficiency and prospects of using the combined supports have been determined, which ensure a decrease in their material consumption and cost while increasing the reliability of mine workings and the labor productivity of miners. The use of combined support allows to increase the economy of materials for support by 1.7 times, as well as to increase the drifting rate by 1.6 times in comparison with the metal support. Originality.The paper proposes a new approach to substantiation of an effective fastening method by comparing the costs when driving horizontal underground mine workings in the mining-and-geological conditions of the 10th Anniversary of Kazakhstan’s Independence mine. Practical implications.The research results can be used when planning mining operations, in particular, stable fastening methods at the 10th Anniversary of Kazakhstan’s Independence mine of the Khromtay deposit, as well as other mining enterprises with similar mining-and-geological conditions.

scholarly journals Substantiation of Safe Conditions During Undermining of Hydraulic Waste Disposal

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Yuriy Kutepov ◽  
Aleksandr Mironov ◽  
Maksim Sablin ◽  
Elena Borger
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Inflow ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
Mine Dump

This article considers mining and geological conditions of the site “Blagodatny” of the mine named after A.D. Ruban located underneaththe old open pit coal mine and the hydraulic-mine dump. The potentially dangerous zones in the undermined rock mass have been identified based onthe conditions of formation of water inflow into mine workings. Safe depthof coal seams mining has been calculated depending on the type of water body – the hydraulic-mine dump.

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of tunneling underground mine workings with the use of blasthole charges with Munroe effect

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Farkhodbek Umarov ◽  
◽  
Utkir Nasirov ◽  
Gafur Nutfulloev ◽  
Zoir Nazarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Explosive Charge ◽  
Underground Mine ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Hydrodynamic Theory ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Face Advance ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Underground Mine Workings ◽  
Mine Workings

Introduction. Various techniques of breaking rock by explosion have currently been developed when tunneling underground mine workings, but asymmetrically directed stress fields application is of the main interest. Research aim is to study explosion energy distribution and maximum concentration deep down the blasted rock mass. Blast energy concentration may be achieved by using the principle of cumulation in the hole back by means of changing the design of the blasthole explosive charge. Methodology. Based on the analyzed literature and theoretical research it is recommended to use the design of a blasthole explosive charge with the use of Munroe effect, which makes it possible to increase the blasthole efficiency ratio (BER), reduce drilling activity, reach sharper design contours of mine workings and eliminate bootlegs. The action of blasthole explosive charges with Munroe effect has been theoretically investigated, hydrodynamic theory of cumulation has been studied, and the dependences have been determined between the liner’s collapsing angle alternation and the radius of the cone, its height, initial velocity, and cumulative jet velocity. Results. The main factors which determine the efficiency of the proposed new technique of blasting against the basic technique are the blasthole efficiency ratio, face advance pace after one blast, the amount of rock mass detached after one blast, and the granulometric composition of the blasted rock mass. Summary. The developed design of the blasthole explosive charge with Munroe effect makes it possible to increase BER, face advance per one cycle, and increase the amount of the broken rock mass.

scholarly journals Analysis of Possible Origination of Domes in Longwalls

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
R. I. Imranov ◽  
E. N. Khmyrova ◽  
O. G. Besimbayeva ◽  
S. P. Olenyuk ◽  
A. Z. Kapasova
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Digital Modeling ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Ash Coal ◽  
Borehole Log

The research is aimed at solving problems of assessing underground working stability in complicated mining and geological conditions to increase reliability and safety of mining operations. Analysis of geomechanical processes occurring in a rock mass during extraction of coal seams to determine the stability of mining block roof is the most important task. The performed digital modeling of the rock mass based on the structural logs for K1 seam and the nearest borehole log enabled highly detailed identifying the types of rocks occurred in the seam roof and their strength characteristics, compressive stresses. To determine the stability of a mining block roof, the factor of safety of the rocks was used, which was determined by modeling method using Phase 28.0 and Rockscince software. The carbonaceous argillite parting 0.09–0.12 m thick was taken as the contact of the longwall with the seam roof, and, for completeness of the analysis, the upper high-ash coal member in the seam roof up to 0.7 m thick was used. The modeling findings, presented in the graph of dependence between the safety factor and the distance between the belt heading and air drift, showed that the probability of dome formation in the longwall is high, as the factor of safety of the rocks is less than unity, that indicates the roof instability in the course of the coal seam block extraction. The modeling methods allowed assessing the mine working stability, based on which the measures to improve the reliability and safety of mining operations can be timely developed, and due technical and technological solutions shall be reached.

scholarly journals Development of methods for assessing the mine workings stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Arstanbek Abdiev ◽  
Rakhat Mambetova ◽  
Aziz Abdiev ◽  
Sher Abdiev
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Surface Relief ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
State Assessment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Mine Workings

This paper studies the rock mass stress state under highland conditions, depending on the geological structure of a particular rock mass area, the tectonic field of stresses and the region relief. This study is aimed to develop an experimental method for assessing and monitoring the properties and state of the rock mass adjacent to mine workings. Experimental studies are performed through stresses measurements in-situ. Based on research results, it has been revealed that the geological structures, tectonic fields of stresses and the earth’s surface relief of the deposit normally reflect the values and direction of the main stresses acting in the mass. These patterns can be used to predict and assess the stress state of the rock mass. During the mass stress state assessment, quantitative dependences have been obtained for determining the stress tensors conditioned by the overlying rocks weight, tectonics and fracturing, and the deposit surface relief The research results make possible to assess the nature of the stresses distribution, to identify the areas of reduced, equal, increased and maximum stresses concentration of the virgin mass, as well as to increase the efficiency of the geoacoustic control developed by the authors for the state of the mass adjacent to mine working. According to the new patterns and dependences obtained, the values and directions have been scientifically determined of the main stresses action, as well as the zones of stresses manifestation. These patterns and dependences are valuable for designing and planning the development of mining operations.

scholarly journals The Challenges of Open-Pit Mining in the Vicinity of the Salt Dome (Bełchatów Lignite Deposit, Poland)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Marek Cała ◽  
Katarzyna Cyran ◽  
Joanna Jakóbczyk ◽  
Michał Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Salt Dome ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Stability Conditions ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mass Behavior ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Wall Slope

The extraction of the Bełchatów lignite deposit located in the vicinity of the Dębina salt dome requires careful planning that considers the influence of mining projects on the slope and salt dome stability conditions. The instability problem is directly related to horizontal and vertical displacement, as well as the complex geological and mining conditions. These conditions are very unique with regard to the co-occurrence of the salt dome and lignite deposits in the same area, as well as the large scale of the pit wall slope. Thus, predicting rock mass behavior and ensuring the safety of mining operations are important issues. The presented analysis focused on the influence of long-term lignite extraction on the western pit wall slope of the Bełchatów field and the salt dome’s stability conditions. This study offers a comprehensive approach to a complex geotechnical problem defined by large-scale, complex geometry, and geological conditions. The rock mass behavior and stress conditions are simulated in numerical modelling. The results of the presented analysis will be useful not only for present mining activities but also for future developments related to post-mining and recultivation plans.

scholarly journals Forecasting of mining and geological processes based on the analysis of the underground space of the Kupol deposit as a multicomponent system (Chukotka Autonomous Region, Anadyr district)

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Regina Dashko ◽  
Ivan Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Metal Support

The underground space of the Kupol deposit is analyzed as a multicomponent system – rocks, underground water, microbiota, gases (including the mine atmosphere) and supporting structures – metal support and shotcrete (as an additional type of barring) and also stowing materials. The complex of host rocks is highly disintegrated due to active tectonic and volcanic activity in the Cretaceous period. The thickness of sub-permafrost reaches 250-300 m. In 2014, they were found to contain cryopegs with abnormal mineralization and pH, which led to the destruction of metal supports and the caving formation. The underground waters of the sub-permafrost aquifer are chemically chloride-sulfate sodium-calcium with a mineralization of 3-5 g/dm3. According to microbiological analysis, they contain anaerobic and aerobic forms of microorganisms, including micromycetes, bacteria and actinomycetes. The activity of microorganisms is accompanied by the generation of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. The main types of corrosion – chemical (sulfate and carbon dioxide), electrochemical and biocorrosion are considered. The most hazardous is the biocorrosion associated with the active functioning of the microbiota. Forecasting and systematization of mining and geological processes are carried out taking into account the presence of two zones in depth – sub-permafrost and below the bottom of the sub-permafrost, where mining operations are currently underdone. The importance of assessing the underground space as a multicomponent environment in predicting mining and geological processes is shown, which can serve as the basis for creating and developing specialized monitoring complex in difficult engineering and geological conditions of the deposit under consideration.

scholarly journals Simulation Possibilites of the Post-Mining Goafs Impact on the Deformations Induced by Next Underground Mining Operations with Use of the Cellular Automata Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sikora Paweł
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Underground mining operations in the area of a rock mass affected by previous exploitation may cause additional deformations to appear on the surface. The size of these deformations can be significant, and their character is often non-linear. The nature of these deformations cannot be justified solely by the impact of current mining operations. At the same time, the predictive method of S. Knothe, widely used in Poland, does not explicitly include these types of phenomena. In the area of intensive and long-term mining exploitation, such as the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, the practical possibility of simulating this occurrence may be helpful in the planning of new mining exploitation under construction objects. Today we are usually limited to numerical modelling methods like finite difference method (FDM). This one base on the principle of mechanical similarity. The theoretical usefulness of method (and its similar) has already been proven many times. The main impediment to its practical application is the lack of recognition of the rock mass in terms of its mechanical properties. The presented method is a new approach to the possibility of modelling the subject phenomenon. The method has not been used in practical forecasting mining area deformation caused by underground deposits mining. It’s characterized by a huge potential for further development.

scholarly journals Research into rock mass geomechanical situation in the zone of stope operations influence at the 10th Anniversary of Kazakhstan’s Independence mine

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Azamat Matayev ◽  
Ainash Kainazarova ◽  
Ibatolla Arystan ◽  
Yerkebulan Abeuov ◽  
Arman Kainazarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
10Th Anniversary ◽  
Stress Strain State ◽  
Mine Workings

Purpose. Predicting the stress-strain state (SSS) of the rock mass in the zone of stope operations influence using the self-caving mining system and the calculation of the load-bearing capacity of mine workings support at the 10th Anniversary of Kazakhstan’s Independence mine. Methods. An engineering-geological data complex of the host rocks properties has been analyzed. Numerical modelling of the rock mass stress-strain state and the calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the support types used at the mine have been performed with the help of the RS2 software. This program, based on the Finite Element Method in a two-dimensional formulation, makes it possible to take into account a significant number of factors influencing the mass state. The Hoek-Brown model with its distinctive advantage of nonlinearity is used as a model for the mass behaviour. Findings. The values of the main stresses and load on the support have been obtained. According to the numerical analysis results of the rock mass stress-strain state at a depth of 900 m (horizon -480 m), the principal stresses are close to hydrosta-tic ones σ1 = σ2 = σz = 24.8 MPa. Predicting assessment of mine workings stability margin is performed before and after stope operations. Based on its results, it can be assumed that the stability margin of the mine workings driven in the stope zone is below the minimum permissible, therefore, caving and an increase in the load on the support are possible. Abutment pressure on mine workings support at a mining depth of 900 m (-480 m) has been calculated. The parameters of support in mine workings driven at the horizon -480 m have been calculated. Originality.The nature and peculiarities of patterns of the stress-strain state formation within the boundaries of various stope operations influence in blocks 20-28 at the horizon -480 m have been determined. The quantitative assessment of the values of loads on the support of haulage cross-cuts of the horizon mining is given. Practical implications. The research results can be used for creating a geomechanical model of the field and to design stable parameters of mine workings support. Keywords: stress-strain state, principal stresses, support, mine, ore, rock mass

scholarly journals Forecast changes in the geodynamic regime of geological environment during large-scale subsoil development

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
M.B Nurpeisova ◽  
M.Zh Bitimbayev ◽  
K.B Rysbekov ◽  
Sh. Sh Bekbasarov
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Geological Conditions

Purpose. Developing the methods for forecasting changes in the geological environment based on integrated monitoring, which ensures industrial and environmental safety of Central Kazakhstan region. Methodology. Integrated approach was used in the work, including: study on mining and geological conditions, structural features of rocks and conducting mine surveying at mines on the basis of modern methods and means of geomonitoring developed by the authors. Findings. Methodology for integrated geodynamic monitoring system is developed. A new method of geodynamic polygon establishment is proposed. Study results were implemented at operating mining enterprises during implementation of projects Comprehensive monitoring of slow deformation processes of the earths surface during large-scale development of ore deposits in Central Kazakhstan and Development of innovative methods for forecasting and assessing the state of rock mass to prevent technogenic emergencies, and the results were used in the educational process of Satbayev University. Originality. As a result of the research work carried out, the following were created and introduced into production: - geodynamic polygon (GDP) of the area, established on the basis of the nodal method, combined with leveling, satellite and seismological points, allowing monitoring coverage of exploration and mining operations, as well as increasing efficiency of observations and reducing capital costs for mineral production; - developed constructions of permanent (ground and underground) forced centering points (FCP), which allow increasing productivity and observations accuracy; - method for photographing structural features of rock mass using a 3D laser scanner, which makes it possible to study elements of cracks occurrence and faults in rocks in sufficient detail; - composition of strengthening solution from mining waste to increase stability of disturbed sections of open cast benches was developed. The novelty of the developed methods and means is confirmed by RK patents for invention. Practical value. Obtained results can be used to improve the level of industrial safety at mines and minimize environmental risks caused by subsoil development.

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