scholarly journals Nano-structured metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector for sensor network systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Biomedical Sensors ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Metal Semiconductor Metal

The advanced and smart ways to produce complex nano-structures have incorporated new capabilities in various aspects of science and technology where structures on nano-meter scales are desirable including high-speed communication and sensor networks, and future biomedical sensors and detectors. In recent years, there has been a growing interest towards the miniaturization of optical and electrical components with faster and more efficient performance. The development of nano-materials and nano-structures design provides great opportunity for building multifunctional sensing elements which are smaller and more efficiently incorporated. Furthermore they have other useful characteristics like reduced production cost and minimized power consumption. Wireless sensor network systems have been identified as one of the most important technologies for the 21st century (Chong et. al., 2003). It can be deduced from its name that sensor network systems are composed of several sensor nodes, where each component is responsible for a function in the whole system, where it can consist of different kinds of sensors such as, thermal, visual, biomedical, infrared, acoustics, etc. Recent wireless communication system development requires a concurrent speedy advancement of sensors characteristics as well as the system performance. Therefore, it is very important to make the progress in sensors design with tiny dimensions, suitable for communication over a sensor network system with specified purposes such as, monitoring different parameters, namely humidity, temperature, light in household, cities, and different environments (Ian-Akyildiz et al., 2002). The main focus of this review is to design and model an optimized plasmonics-based metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (MSM-PDs) with sub-wavelength architectures that is useful for high-speed optical communication systems and sensor network systems. Nano-structures designed on top of the electrodes trigger surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excitation and enable routing and manipulation of the light to be eventually trapped into the device active region.

Micro-Modem for Short-Range Underwater Mobile Communication Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Jun-Ho Jeon ◽  
Sung-Joon Park
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Underwater Sensor Network ◽  
Viable Approach

AbstractRecently, there has been great interest in short-range underwater communication for applications such as water pollution monitoring, fish farming, oceanographic data collection, and underwater tactical surveillance based on underwater sensor network systems. Because underwater wireless communication relies primarily on acoustics, the development of acoustic modems has been an important topic that needs to be addressed. Furthermore, for years, underwater biomimetic fish robots have been studied in the area of biomechanics for scientific use and reconnaissance missions. In this article, we describe an underwater mobile communication system where fish robots act as sensor nodes, which is different from the conventional concept of an underwater sensor network that is static. We describe the issues that need to be resolved to provide mobility to a node, and we develop a micro-modem to meet the requirements of a moving node. Experiments conducted with prototypes in both a lake and a river verify that the proposed system provides a new degree of freedom (mobility) and is a viable approach.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study on the Impact of Various Nano-gratings on MSM-PDs for Enhancement in the Light Absorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Alif Islam ◽  
Narottam Das ◽  
Mohammad Mohiuddin Uzzal
Keyword(s):  
Light Absorption ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Absorption Enhancement ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we have analyzed metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (MSM-PDs) with different nano-grating structures or shapes to improve the light absorption capacity into the device in details for high-speed communication systems and networks. The plasmonic-based MSM-PD structure demonstrates a significant improvement in light absorption capacity for the developed device compared to conventional MSM-PDs i.e., devices that have not employed the nano-gratings. The light absorption capacity of the device is varied with the variation of geometrical shapes and parameters of the nano-gratings, such as the nano-grating height, slit width and so on. These nano-grating structures are assisting in light transmission through the central slit (i.e., subwavelength apertures) efficiently, resulting in the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) as the incident photons interact with the nano-gratings/ nano-corrugations. This improved light transmission in the central slit along with excited SPPs results in resonant light absorption in the device. This means the light trapped inside the central slit is triggered by the SPPs to a higher order magnitude. This causes the light absorption enhancement for the device, i.e., more light is transmitted through the device instead of reflecting back to the surface. The simulation results demonstrated that the light absorption enhancement factor (LAEF) for these devices have improved dramatically due to the nano-gratings. For modeling and simulation of these devices, Opti-FDTD tool is used which is based on finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The application of these simulated devices is in the range of 800-850-nm. The simulation results are suitable for the design of nano-structured MSM-PDs that can be used in high-speed communication systems and sensor network systems.

scholarly journals A SURVEY OF THE EFFECT OF NETWORK PARAMETERS ON COMMUNICATION LINKS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

2013 ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
KHYATI SHRIVASTAV ◽  
ASWATH A.R.
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Network Parameters ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Communication Links

In the wireless sensor networks, the communication links between sensor nodes is important. This paper presents the analysis on the effect of parameters of network size, number of nodes and communication ranges on the number of communication links in the sensor network systems. The MATLAB tool is used for deployment of sensor nodes in various area fields.

scholarly journals GREEN ROUTINGSTRATEGY FOR DYNAMICALLY ARRANGED HOMOGENEOUS WSN- MSCT2

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3712-3718
Author(s):  
Gulista Khan ◽  
Wajid Ali ◽  
Swati Arya ◽  
Vaibhav Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
General Terms

Wireless networks play a crucial role in the communication systems nowadays. Wireless networks are being increasingly used in the communication among devices of the most varied types and sizes. User mobility, affordability, flexibility and ease of use are few of many reasons for making them very appealing to new applications and more users everyday. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of sensor nodes spread over the field to sense the data. The sensed data must be gathered & transmitted to Base Station (BS) for end user queries. The used sensor nodes being in- expensive having low computation power & limited energy so are not as much reliable as their expensive macro sensor counter parts but their size and cost enable hundred to thousand of micro sensors to achieve high quality fault tolerant system. In an environment where in each round all sensor nodes have to send data to base station; it is required to effectively utilize energy of sensor nodes so as to increase the life- time of the system. The use of data aggregation & fusion as proposed in LEACH increases system lifetime by a factor of 8 as compared to conventional routing protocols. In this work, our main focus is the static sensors are randomly selected and the base stations have their information all a priori. Basically, the sensors are in direct communication range of each other and can transmit to and receive from the base station. The nodes periodically sense the environment and have always data to send in each round of communication. The nodes fuse/ aggregate the data they receive from the others with their own data, and produce only one packet regardless of how many packets they receive. The problem is to find a routing scheme or an efficient protocol to deliver data packets collected from sensor nodes to the base station. It maximizes the lifetime of the sensor network under the system model given above. However, the definition of quality of service of the sensor network provides is not specified. Secondly, where the nodes are densely deployed, the quality of the system is affected as soon as a significant amount of nodes die, since adjacent nodes record identical or related data. In this case, the lifetime of the network is the time elapsed until half of the nodes or some specified portion of the nodes die. In general terms, the time in rounds where the last node depletes all of its energy defines the lifetime of the overall sensor network. Taking these different possible requirements under consideration, our work provides a proper timing of all deaths for all algorithms in detail as well as chooses the shortest possible path for communication with better memory management scheme and leaves the decision which one to choose to system designers.

Recent Advances in Ultra-High-Speed Waveguide Photodiodes for Optical Communication Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol E92-C (7) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kikuo MAKITA ◽  
Kazuhiro SHIBA ◽  
Takeshi NAKATA ◽  
Emiko MIZUKI ◽  
Sawaki WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Optical Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Ultra High Speed ◽  
Optical Communication Systems

Developing Multi-Tier Network Design for Effective Energy Consumption of Cluster Head Selection in WSN

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Wan Isni Sofiah Wan Din ◽  
Saadiah Yahya ◽  
Mohd Nasir Taib ◽  
Ahmad Ihsan Mohd Yassin ◽  
Razulaimi Razali
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Network Cluster ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
The Stability

Clustering in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the methods to minimize the energy usage of sensor network. The design of sensor network itself can prolong the lifetime of network. Cluster head in each cluster is an important part in clustering to ensure the lifetime of each sensor node can be preserved as it acts as an intermediary node between the other sensors. Sensor nodes have the limitation of its battery where the battery is impossible to be replaced once it has been deployed. Thus, this paper presents an improvement of clustering algorithm for two-tier network as we named it as Multi-Tier Algorithm (MAP). For the cluster head selection, fuzzy logic approach has been used which it can minimize the energy usage of sensor nodes hence maximize the network lifetime. MAP clustering approach used in this paper covers the average of 100Mx100M network and involves three parameters that worked together in order to select the cluster head which are residual energy, communication cost and centrality. It is concluded that, MAP dominant the lifetime of WSN compared to LEACH and SEP protocols. For the future work, the stability of this algorithm can be verified in detailed via different data and energy. 

INNOVATIVE METHOD OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodor Narytnik ◽  
Vladimir Saiko
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Orbit Satellite ◽  
Geometric Size ◽  
Distributed Satellite

The technical aspects of the main promising projects in the segments of medium and low-orbit satellite communication systems are considered, as well as the project of the domestic low-orbit information and telecommunications system using the terahertz range, which is based on the use of satellite platforms of the micro- and nanosatellite class and the distribution of functional blocks of complex satellite payloads more high-end on multiple functionally related satellites. The proposed system of low-orbit satellite communications represents the groupings of low-orbit spacecraft (LEO-system) with the architecture of a "distributed satellite", which include the groupings of the root (leading) satellites and satellite repeaters (slaves). Root satellites are interconnected in a ring network by high-speed links between the satellites. The geometric size of the “distributed satellite” is the area around the root satellite with a radius of about 1 km. The combination of beams, which are formed by the repeater satellites, make up the service area of the LEO system. The requirements for the integrated service area of the LEO system (geographical service area) determine the requirements for the number of distributed satellites in the system as a whole. In the proposed system to reduce mutual interference between the grouping of the root (leading) satellites and repeater satellites (slaves) and, accordingly, minimizing distortions of the information signal when implementing inter-satellite communication, this line (radio channel) was created in an unlicensed frequency (e.g., in the terahertz 140 GHz) range. In addition, it additionally allows you to minimize the size of the antennas of such a broadband channel and simplify the operation of these satellite systems.

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