scholarly journals SYNERGETIC EFFECTS MANIFESTATION BY FOUNDING COMPLEXES DEPLOYMENT OF MATHEMATICAL TASKS ON THE CHESSBOARD

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Dvoryatkina ◽  
Vladimir S. Karapetyan ◽  
Alla M. Dallakyan ◽  
Svetlana A. Rozanova ◽  
Eugeny I. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Educational Material ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Chess Game

The urgency of the problem is due to the insufficient development of theoretical, content-technological and methodological aspects of the integration of mathematical knowledge and chess skills. The manifestations of synergistic effects arising in the course of the integration of mathematical and game chess activity, while resolving uncertainties on the chessboard due to the activation of key components of creativity, have not been sufficiently studied. The synergistic effect of the integration of mathematical knowledge and chess skills is considered from the perspective of the components of theoretical thinking and is evaluated by the student’s creative choice in the search for alternative solutions. The purpose of the study is to describe and evaluate the manifestations of the structural components of the creative effect in the context of the introduction of funded complexes of mathematical problems on a chessboard. The hypothesis of the research: theoretical analysis of educational material, reflection and an internal plan of action as comparable processes for solving mathematical problems in terms of implementation substantiate complexes will lead to manifestations of arguments-heuristic, intellectual and logical and motivational components of creative activity. The research assumed the measurement of the manifestations of the structural components of creativity in the context of the introduction of funding complexes of mathematical problems on a chessboard. In the process of identifying the structural components of creativity, psychodiagnostic diagnostics tools were developed for intellectual-heuristic, intellectual-logical, motivational and reflexive aspects, comparative diagnostics were carried out for all structural components, the average level and integral indicators in the control and experimental groups were calculated. The formation of creativity was carried out by developing the ability to argue in the process of solving multi-stage mathematical problems on the chessboard. The choice of cause-and-effect relationships stimulated creative independence and reflexivity, enhancing the manifestations of the synergistic effect. On the basis of internal cognitive consonance, non-standard original ideas were identified; by overcoming emotional instability, the logical component of argumentation was strengthened. The results of the research revealed a positive trend in the key components of creativity in the context of the introduction of a chess game in the process of learning mathematics. In the future, it is possible to upgrade the methodological educational material for the system of inclusive mathematical education.

Platinum and cobalt intermetallic nanoparticles confined within MIL-101(Cr) for enhanced selective hydrogenation of the carbonyl bond in α,β-unsaturated aldehydes: synergistic effects of electronically modified Pt sites and Lewis acid sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Francisco Zaera ◽  
Yujun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Lewis Acid Sites ◽  
Unsaturated Aldehydes ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Carbonyl Bond ◽  
Method Show ◽  
Intermetallic Nanoparticles

PtCo/MIL-101(Cr) with high uniform dispersion Pt–Co IMNs synthesized by a polyol reduction method show higher activity for selective catalytic hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes due to the synergistic effect of PtCo and MIL-101(Cr) support.

Synergistic Effects of 5-Fluorouracil in Combination with Diosmetin in Colorectal Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Sareh Kamran ◽  
Ajantha Sinniah ◽  
Mohammed Abdullah Alshawsh
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Combination Regimen ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most commonly occurring cancers. The management of CRC includes laparoscopic surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapies and neoadjuvant treatment. However, conventional chemotherapies have poor impact on combating CRC and are associated with severe toxic effects and high rates of relapse. Therefore, searching for a new combination regimen is a favorable consideration. The aim of this study was to elucidate the synergistic effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and diosmetin in an in vitro model on colorectal cancer cells. An MTT assay was conducted on HCT-116 cancer cells and they were treated with a concentration gradient of 5-FU and diosmetin individually and in combination. The combination index (CI) and dose reduction index (DRI) were calculated using CompuSyn software. Isobologram analysis and synergism determination were performed using the Combenefit software tool and the synergy score was calculated using the SynergyFinder 2.0 software tool. The apoptotic features of the cells were determined via an AO/PI double staining assay and an annexin V assay using a fluorescent microscope and the flow cytometry technique, respectively. The findings showed that the DRI of 5-FU was three-fold lower in the combination with a CI value of less than one, which indicates that there was a synergistic effect. The AO/PI microscopic results revealed signs of apoptosis and dead cells after 72 h of treatment. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed that the apoptotic effect of the combination was more prominent compared to 5-FU alone. The findings of this study offer a potential strategy for reducing the cytotoxicity and enhancing the efficacy of 5-FU on colorectal cancer cells through a synergistic study model.

scholarly journals Os Saberes Matemáticos na Formação de Professores Efetivos no Paraná da Primeira República

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Iara Da Silva França ◽  
Antonio Flavio Claras
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Effective Teachers ◽  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
First Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Teaching Programs

Os professores primários paranaenses denominados efetivos tinham formação diferente daquela ofertada pela Escola Normal e possuíam, em sua maioria, somente o Curso Primário. Nos estudos aqui apresentados interessou-nos saber que saberes matemáticos o curso primário proporcionava a esses futuros professores efetivos durante a Primeira República. Amparados na história cultural, buscamos respostas nos documentos oficiais pertinentes, em especial, nos Programas de Ensino. O estudo evidencia para os professores efetivos da Primeira República uma formação geral, com os saberes necessários a ensinar, carecendo em grande medida, dos saberes para ensinar matemática. As mudanças ocorridas nos Programas buscavam sustentar a finalidade do ensino primário, sem proporcionar a formação para ensinar, visto não ser essa a sua finalidade.Palavras-chave: História da Educação. Formação de Professores. Saberes Matemáticos.AbstractThe primary teachers of Paraná called effective had different formation from that offered by the Normal School and had, in their majority, only the Primary Course. In the studies presented here, we were interested to know what mathematical knowledge the primary course provided to these future effective teachers during the First Republic. Based on cultural history, we seek answers in the pertinent official documents, especially in the Teaching Programs. The study shows for the effective teachers of the First Republic a general formation, with the necessary knowledge to teach, lacking in great measure, the knowledge to teach mathematics. The changes that occurred in the Programs sought to support the purpose of primary education, without providing the training to teach, since this is not its purpose.Keyword: History of Education. Mathematical Education. Mathematical Knowledge.

scholarly journals ACTIVE TEACHING THROUGH MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL / AKTYVUSIS MOKYMAS SPRENDŽIANT MATEMATIKOS UŽDAVINIUS PRADINĖSE KLASĖSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (41) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Tamar Dograshvili
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Active Teaching ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Primary School Pupils

<p>Active teaching is a key component in the education system at all stages of education. In practice, introduction of active teaching in mathematics teaching in primary school poses significant challenges for teachers. To solve this problem, we have developed a methodological approach described in this article. In particular, we suggest an active teaching model whose realization is linked to the inclusion of problems with developmental and interdisciplinary content in the teaching process in mathematics classes. The solutions of these problems are associated with particular themes in mathematics classes. We discuss the methodology for constructing the systems of problems with developmental and interdisciplinary content in accordance with particular themes in mathematics classes in primary school, which is based on the scheme that we developed. We have also analyzed the indicators of including such problems in mathematics classes in primary school and the results of the educational experiment demonstrating that the author’s methodological approaches provide a high quality of mathematical education for primary school pupils, make the teaching process interesting and attractive, and ensure their involvement in the process of active teaching and learning through the systems of specially selected problems.</p><p>Aktyvusis mokymas yra pagrindinis ugdymo sistemos komponentas visais ugdymo etapais. Praktinis aktyviojo matematikos mokymo pradinėse klasėse įgyvendinimas mokytojams kelia rimtų iššūkių. Norėdami išspręsti šią problemą, mes sukūrėme metodinę prieigą, aprašytą šiame straipsnyje. Mes siūlome aktyviojo mokymo modelį, kurio įgyvendinimas yra susijęs su lavinamojo ir tarpdalykinio turinio uždavinių įtraukimu į mokymo procesą matematikos pamokose. Šių uždavinių sprendimai yra susiję su konkrečiomis temomis, nagrinėjamomis per matematikos pamokas. Mes aptariame lavinamojo ir tarpdalykinio turinio uždavinių sistemų konstravimo metodiką, pagrįstą mūsų sudaryta schema, pagal konkrečias pradinių klasių matematikos pamokų temas. Taip pat išanalizavome tokių uždavinių įtraukimo į matematikos pamokas pradinėse klasėse rodiklius ir edukacinio eksperimento rezultatus, parodydami, kad autorės metodinės prieigos lemia aukštą pradinių klasių mokinių matematinio ugdymo kokybę, mokymo procesą daro įdomų bei patrauklų ir užtikrina mokinių dalyvavimą aktyvaus mokymo bei mokymosi procese sprendžiant tikslingai parinktų uždavinių sistemas</p>

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of metal hydroxides and fumed nanosilica as fire retardants for polyethylene

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-48
Author(s):  
Giulia Fredi ◽  
Andrea Dorigato ◽  
Luca Fambri ◽  
José-Marie Lopez-Cuesta ◽  
Alessandro Pegoretti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Metal Hydroxide ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index

AbstractThis work aims to study the synergistic effect of aluminum/magnesium hydroxide microfillers and organomodified fumed silica nanoparticles as flame retardants (FRs) for linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and to select the best composition to produce a fire-resistant polyethylene-based single-polymer composite. The fillers were added to LLDPE at different concentrations, and the prepared composites were characterized to investigate the individual and combined effects of the fillers on the thermo-oxidation resistance and the fire performance, as well as the microstructural, physical, thermal and mechanical properties. Both filler types were homogeneously distributed in the matrix, with the formation of a network of silica nanoparticles at elevated loadings. Melt flow index (MFI) tests revealed that the fluidity of the material was not considerably impaired upon metal hydroxide introduction, while a heavy reduction of the MFI was detected for silica contents higher than 5 wt%. FRs introduction promoted a noticeable enhancement of the thermo-oxidative stability of the materials, as shown by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and onset oxidation temperature (OOT) tests, and superior thermal properties were measured on the samples combining micro- and nanofillers, thus evidencing synergistic effects. Tensile tests showed that the stiffening effect due to a high content of metal hydroxide microparticles was accompanied by a decrease in the strain at break, but nanosilica at low concentration contributed to preserve the ultimate mechanical properties of the neat polymer. The fire performance of the samples with optimized compositions, evaluated through limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry tests, was strongly enhanced with respect to that of the neat LLDPE, and also these tests highlighted the synergistic effect between micro- and nanofillers, as well as an interesting correlation between fire parameters and viscosity.

scholarly journals One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Yellow and Green Emitting Silicon Quantum Dots with Synergistic Effect

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Zhixia Zhang ◽  
Chunjin Wei ◽  
Wenting Ma ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Xincai Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Silicon Quantum Dots ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
One Step

The concept of synergistic effects has been widely applied in many scientific fields such as in biomedical science and material chemistry, and has further attracted interest in the fields of both synthesis and application of nanomaterials. In this paper, we report the synthesis of long-wavelength emitting silicon quantum dots based on a one-step hydrothermal route with catechol (CC) and sodium citrate (Na-citrate) as a reducing agent pair, and N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (DAMO) as silicon source. By controlling the reaction time, yellow-emitting silicon quantum dots and green-emitting silicon quantum dots were synthesized with quantum yields (QYs) of 29.4% and 38.3% respectively. The as-prepared silicon quantum dots were characterized by fluorescence (PL) spectrum, UV–visible spectrum, high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Zeta potential. With the aid of these methods, this paper further discussed how the optical performance and surface characteristics of the prepared quantum dots (QDs) influence the fluorescence mechanism. Meanwhile, the cell toxicity of the silicon quantum dots was tested by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) bromide method, and its potential as a fluorescence ink explored. The silicon quantum dots exhibit a red-shift phenomenon in their fluorescence peak due to the participation of the carbonyl group during the synthesis. The high-efficiency and stable photoluminescence of the long-wavelength emitting silicon quantum dots prepared through a synergistic effect is of great value in their future application as novel optical materials in bioimaging, LED, and materials detection.

High thermoelectric performance of polycrystalline In4Se3−δ(CuI)x: synergistic effects of the Se-deficiency and CuI-doping

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1566-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Chun Chen ◽  
Hua Lin ◽  
Li-Ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Thermoelectric Performance ◽  
Thermoelectric Figure Of Merit ◽  
Thermoelectric Figure ◽  
Se Deficiency

Synergistic effect of Se-deficiency and CuI-doping significantly enhances the thermoelectric figure-of-merit of the n-type polycrystalline In4Se3-based materials via improving the power factor. With In4Se2.95(CuI)0.01, ZT = 1.34 at 723 K, the highest value obtained for Pb-free polycrystalline In4Se3-based materials to date.

Synergistic effect of IgG4 antibody and CTLs causes tissue inflammation in IgG4-related disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Takanori Sasaki ◽  
Taiki Yajima ◽  
Tatsuro Shimaoka ◽  
Shuhei Ogawa ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Igg4 Related Disease ◽  
Igg4 Antibody

Abstract IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by multi-organ irreversible damage resulting from tissue-specific infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). However, whether IgG4 antibody contributes to the inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we established a mouse model that enabled us to evaluate the pathogenic function of IgG4 antibodies in response to a tissue-specific autoantigen using recombinant ovalbumin (OVA)-specific human IgG4 monoclonal antibody (rOVA-hIgG4 mAb) and the mice expressing OVA of the pancreatic islets (RIP-mOVA mice). We found no inflammatory effect of rOVA-hIgG4 mAb transfer alone; however, co-transfer with OVA-specific CD8 CTLs (OT-I T cells) induced tissue damage with dense lymphocytic inflammation in the pancreas of RIP-mOVA mice. rOVA-hIgG4 mAb caused accumulation of conventional DC1 cells (cDC1s) in the lymphoid tissues, and the dendritic cells (DCs) activated the OT-I T cells via cross-presentation. We also revealed that the synergistic effects of CTLs and antibodies were observed in the other subclasses including endogenous antibodies if they recognized the same antigen. The transfer of OVA-specific CD4 helper T cells (OT-II T cells) into RIP-mOVA mice induced the production of anti-OVA antibody, which had a synergistic effect, through acquisition of a T follicular helper (TFH) phenotype. Moreover, using OT-II T cells deficient in Bcl6 caused lower anti-OVA antibody production and inflammation with OT-I T cells. Our results indicated that autoreactive IgG4 antibodies play an important role of the tissue-specific CTL response in IgG4-RD.

scholarly journals Realising pre-school mathematical education – a development-oriented math programme with special consideration of phonological language processing aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Langhorst
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Mathematical Skills ◽  
Language Orientation ◽  
Linguistic Focus ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Before School

Mathematical development processes begin long before school starts and the importance of previous mathematical knowledge for later school achievements is beyond dispute. For a suitable pre-school education, the focus of interest must be to find out which early learning processes prepare children best. In this article, the acquisition of the key concepts of numeracy is presented in a developmental model, which served as framework for a supportive programme for 4-8 year-old children. The research into this intervention shows how development-oriented support of key arithmetic concepts can be constructed and taught systematically. The immediate and sustainable effect of the programme Mina and the Mole on the mathematical competencies of children has already been demonstrated in an evaluation study of 248 children aged 5-7. Considering the strong language-orientation of the programme, the present study focused on aspects of phonological awareness and of phonological working memory. It was evident that these phonological language processing aspects correlated with mathematic skills. Furthermore, it was found that the dominant linguistic focus of the training did not constitute a disadvantage – even linguistically weak children significantly improved their mathematical skills. Moreover, children with poor or average phonological performance could profit from the supportive programme also regarding their phonological language processing.

scholarly journals A Proposed Model to Improve the Skills of Mathematical Thinking (C.A.S.M.E) and Its Impact on The Achievement of Students in the Fifth Grade in Solving the Mathematical Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Ahmed HamzahAbed AL-Ubodi ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Teaching Model ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Experimental Group

The current research aims to design a proposed teaching model to improve the thinking skills of the students in the fifth grade of the primary and to know its effect on their achievement solving mathematical problems. The proposed model was used CASME, which means accelerating mental growth through scientific and mathematical education. Acronym to Cognitive Acceleration Through Science and Mathematics Education.This model combines two models: the CASE model and the CAME model, as well as the modification of some steps and procedures that help in the process of improving thinking and be compatible at the same time to the process of accelerating thinking.The sample was selected randomly  (62) students from the university mixed primary school, and the sample was divided into two, the first experimental group (31) students and the second group control (31) students, and the search tools were three, the first questionnaire for thinking, Second Pre- test and third Post-test, dimension It was sure to have psychometric properties, has been used Cooder Richardson equation 20,(t)test  for two independent samples and(t)  test for statistical samples interconnecting means, and the results showed .There were statistically significant differences between the pre and post test of the experimental group, as well as the existence of statistically significant differences between the post-test of the two research groups, both in favor of the proposed teaching model. In the end of the results, a set of recommendations were written.  

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