9. Evaluation and Control of Exposures During Waste-to-Energy Facility Operation and Maintenance

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Russell ◽  
R. Dunnette
Keyword(s):  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
And Control

Advancements in Grate Cooling Technology

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M. Owens ◽  
Joe Szczepkowski
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Pilot Program ◽  
Technical Paper ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Cooling Technology

Over the last few years an increase in the calorific value of the waste has been observed at our waste-to-energy facilities. Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc. in conjunction with Von Roll/Inova decided to install a zone of water-cooled grate blocks at the Millbury Massachusetts waste-to-energy facility as a pilot program. Common in Europe these water-cooled grate blocks address the issue of higher BTU waste and increase the overall life expectancy of the blocks compared to regular air-cooled grate blocks. This technical paper provides an overview on the installation, operation, and maintenance of a zone of water-cooled grate blocks. Discussed are the procedures for evaluating the overall project and some of the challenges we resolved.

Latent Defects in a 24-Year Old Waste-to-Energy Facility: Fact or Fiction? Pinellas County Case Study

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Stoller ◽  
Anthony LoRe ◽  
William Crellin ◽  
Robert Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Pinellas County ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Latent Defects ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Energy Facility

This paper presents the preliminary results of one of the key financial liability issues raised by the operating companies during the competitive procurement process for the long-term operation and maintenance of the 24-year old Pinellas County 3,000 tpd waste-to-energy facility.

The Next Generation of Service Agreements for Publicly Owned Waste-to-Energy Facilities: Pinellas County Case Study

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Stoller ◽  
Anthony LoRe ◽  
William Crellin ◽  
Robert Hauser
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Pinellas County ◽  
The Past ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Service Agreement

This paper discusses one of the key lessons learned from administering the first generation of service agreements for public owners of waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities over the past 22 years and how those experiences were incorporated into a new service agreement for the operation and maintenance of Pinellas County’s 24 year old, 3,000 tpd WTE Facility to better protect the county’s interests. Additionally, a major issue raised by the operating companies during the competitive procurement process for continue operation of the facility is discussed and how that concern was addressed in the new service agreement is also presented. Capitalized words or terms used in this paper are defined within the new service agreement.

Design and Control of Bypass Condensers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranga Nadig ◽  
Michael Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Design ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Large Shell ◽  
Small Tube ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Proper Performance ◽  
Energy Plants

In waste to energy plants and certain genre of cogeneration plants, it is mandatory to condense the steam from the boiler or HRSG in a separate bypass condenser when the steam turbine is out of service. The steam from the boiler or HRSG is attemperated in a pressure reducing desuperheating valve and then condensed in a bypass condenser. To avoid flashing of condensate in downstream piping it is customary to subcool the condensate in the bypass condenser. Circulating water from the steam surface condenser is used to condense the steam in the bypass condenser. Some of the challenges involved in the design of the bypass condenser are: • High shellside design pressure and temperature • Condensate subcooling • Large circulating water (tubeside) flow rate • Relatively low circulating water (tubeside) inlet temperature • Large Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) • Large shell diameters • Small tube lengths The diverse requirements complicate the mechanical and thermal design of the bypass condenser. This paper highlights the complexities in the design and performance of the bypass condenser. Similarities with the design and operation of steam surface condensers and feedwater heater are reviewed. The uniqueness of the bypass condenser’s design and operation are discussed and appropriate solutions to ensure proper performance are suggested.

Odor Monitoring and Mitigation at the Hennepin County Waste to Energy Facility

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Smith
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
The North ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Hennepin County ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Odor Monitoring ◽  
Baseball Team ◽  
The Impact

Hennepin Energy Recovery Center (HERC) is a waste to energy facility owned by Hennepin County and operated by Covanta Energy. HERC has been in operation since 1989. The facility burns 365,000 tons of residential and commercial solid waste per year and generates about 34 mega-watts of electricity that is sold to Xcel Energy. HERC is located on the north side of downtown Minneapolis in the Historic Warehouse District, a neighborhood that is changing from industrial to a more commercial/residential mix with loft conversions and construction of new condominiums. The Minnesota Twins baseball team is also siting a new stadium in the parking lot immediately southeast of the facility. The potential for odors from the tipping floor of the facility affecting the neighborhood has become more of a concern due to the changes in the neighborhood. In March 2004 the County began an odor study. This included developing baseline information on odors from HERC and from the surrounding community by conducting daily odor monitoring at select points on the facility property and throughout the community: • Determining how far odors from HERC migrate into the community. • Quantifying detected odors using a Nasal Ranger. • Determining the factors that contribute to these odors. • Developing a method of controlling these odors. • Continued monitoring to determine the impact of mitigation methods. Odors detected were characterized as garbage odors, garbage-related odors, and neighborhood odors. Baseline data showed that while garbage odors from HERC were mostly undetectable beyond the perimeter of the property, there was room for improvement in decreasing the presence and intensity of these odors. The tipping hall was designed to operate under negative pressure to control odors, however the entrance and exit doors were always open and a negative pressure could not be maintained.

Effects of Hull and Control Surface Roughness on Ship Maneuvering

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
John C. Daidola
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Ship Maneuvering ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Hydrodynamic Derivatives ◽  
Turning Maneuver ◽  
And Control ◽  
Surface Vessel

The effects of hull roughness on ship maneuvering characteristics are investigated. The hydrodynamic derivatives in the equations of motion for surface vessel maneuvering are modified to incorporate roughness of the hull and rudder. Vessel lifetime roughness profiles are postulated based on construction, coatings, operation, and maintenance for a vessel life of 25 years. These are then applied to the turning maneuver for single screw cargo ships with block coefficients from .60 to .80. The implications for naval missions are discussed.

Keeping Up With Growth by Recommitting to a Long-Term Waste-to-Energy Future

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond H. Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Palm Beach County ◽  
The North ◽  
Institutional Knowledge ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Essential Components

The Solid Waste Authority of Palm Beach County (Authority) has owned the North County Resources Recovery Facility (NCRRF) since 1989, producing clean, economical and renewable energy from refuse derived fuel while preserving precious landfill space. As with any facility as it approaches the end of its first 20-year operating term, the Authority found it necessary to initiate a comprehensive refurbishment to ensure its continued effective operations. The operating agreement between the Authority and the Palm Beach Resource Recovery Corporation (PBRRC), a subsidiary of Babcock & Wilcox (B&W), is set to expire concurrently with the end of the this 20-year term. The Authority acknowledged that PBRRC has unparalleled institutional knowledge of the NCRRF and, as such, took the opportunity to renegotiate its operating agreement with PBRRC for an additional 20-year term. The Authority was also able to build into the new operating agreement conditions for PBRRC to provide assistance to a third party design-builder performing the refurbishment. Additionally, understanding that B&W produced many of the key combustion unit components of the original NCRRF construction, the Authority worked into the new agreement terms for B&W to provide several essential components for the refurbishment that will be installed by the design-builder. When the refurbishment is completed in 2011, the Authority will still only have disposal capacity through 2021 with its existing landfill. To be able to keep up with rapid growth in Palm Beach County, the Authority has initiated the due diligence phase for the development of a new mass burn waste-to-energy facility and landfill that will expand the disposal capacity of the Authority’s system for more than 100 years.

Unique Elements of the Olmsted County Facility Expansion

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Clark
Keyword(s):  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Olmsted County ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Balance Of Plant ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Risk Approach ◽  
Major Equipment ◽  
Facility Expansion

Olmsted County is currently expanding their existing waste-to-energy facility in Rochester, Minnesota to add a third mass burn waste combustor. The new unit will have a capacity of 200 TPD, effectively doubling the size of the existing capacity. This paper will discuss some of the unique aspects of this project and review the current status. Some of the interesting and unique features to be discussed include: 1. Environmental Permitting – The county decided to do a voluntary EIS. 2. Project approach – The county is using a Construction Manager at Risk approach for construction of the facility. 3. Engineering – The engineering scope includes several separate procurements of major equipment packages, balance of plant design and several auxiliary projects related to the ‘utility’ system. 4. Operator Collaboration – Olmsted County is one of a few public owners that operate their facility. Their knowledge of the existing facility and of operating a mass burn facility has been used extensively in the planning and design of the new unit.

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