335. Aerosol Penetration Behavior of Respirator Valves

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Brosseau
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Behavior

Quasi-static penetration behavior of fiber-reinforced polypropylene and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene matrix composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572110079
Author(s):  
Ali İmran Ayten
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Aramid Fabric ◽  
Penetration Behavior ◽  
Fiber Fabric ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

The quasi-static punch shear behaviors of thermoplastic composites with different polymer matrices and fiber types were investigated. This study was also focused on how much energy absorption capability can be increased by low fiber fractions. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA-g-PP) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MA-g-ABS) were used as the matrix material. One layer of aramid, carbon and glass fiber plain weave fabrics was used as the reinforcement material. Quasi-static punch shear test (QS-PST) was applied to the samples to understand the penetration behavior of the samples. The damaged areas were investigated and related to force-displacement curves. The results showed that the neat form of MA-g-PP exhibited 158% more energy absorption than the neat form of MA-g-ABS. In the samples containing one layer of fabric, the highest improvement was observed in the aramid fabric-reinforced MA-g-ABS matrix composites. Aramid fabric increased the energy absorption at a rate of 142.3% in comparison to the neat MA-g-ABS, while carbon fiber fabric and glass fiber fabric increased it by 40% and 63.52%, respectively. Aramid fiber fabric provided no significant improvement in the energy absorption in the MA-g-PP matrix composites, while carbon and glass fiber fabrics contributed to energy absorption at a rate of 48% and 41%, respectively.

Mechanical Properties of Secondary Wall and Compound Corner Middle Lamella near the Phenol-Formaldehyde (PF) Adhesive Bond Line Measured by Nanoindentation

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1746-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Liang ◽  
Guan Ben Du ◽  
Omid Hosseinaei ◽  
Si Qun Wang ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Adhesive Bond ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Bond Line ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Penetration Behavior

To find out the penetration of PF into the wood cell wall and its effects onthe mechanical properties in the cellular level, the elastic modulus and hardness of secondary wall (S2layer) and compound corner middle lamella (CCML) near PF bond line region were determined by nanoindentation. Compare to the reference cell walls (unaffected by PF), PF penetration into the wood tissues showed improved elastic modulus and hardness. And the mechanical properties decreased slowly with the increasing the distance from the bond line, which are attributed to the effects of PF penetration into S2layer and CCML. The reduced elastic modulus variations were from18.8 to 14.4 GPa for S2layer, and from10.1 to 7.65 GPa for CCML. The hardness was from 0.67 to 0.52 GPa for S2layer, and from 0.65 to 0.52 GPa for CCML. In each test viewpoint place, the average hardness of CCML was almost as high as that of S2layer, but the reduced elastic modulus was about 50% less than that of S2layer. But the increase ratio of mechanical properties was close. All the results showed PF penetrates into the CCML. The penetration behavior and penetration depth from bond line were similar in both S2layer and CCML.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nanoparticle Penetration in the Tumor Spheroid Using Two-Photon Microscopy

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Feby Wijaya Pratiwi ◽  
Chien-Chung Peng ◽  
Si-Han Wu ◽  
Chiung Wen Kuo ◽  
Chung-Yuan Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Model System ◽  
Tumor Spheroid ◽  
Two Photon Microscopy ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Tumor Region ◽  
Penetration Behavior

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as a prominent nanomedicine platform, especially for tumor-related nanocarrier systems. However, there is increasing concern about the ability of nanoparticles (NPs) to penetrate solid tumors, resulting in compromised antitumor efficacy. Because the physicochemical properties of NPs play a significant role in their penetration and accumulation in solid tumors, it is essential to systematically study their relationship in a model system. Here, we report a multihierarchical assessment of the accumulation and penetration of fluorescence-labeled MSNs with nine different physicochemical properties in tumor spheroids using two-photon microscopy. Our results indicated that individual physicochemical parameters separately could not define the MSNs’ ability to accumulate in a deeper tumor region; their features are entangled. We observed that the MSNs’ stability determined their success in reaching the hypoxia region. Moreover, the change in the MSNs’ penetration behavior postprotein crowning was associated with both the original properties of NPs and proteins on their surfaces.

Corneal Penetration Behavior of β-Blocking Agents III: In Vitro–In Vivo Correlations

1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1279-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Lach ◽  
Hong-Shian Huang ◽  
Ronald D. Schoenwald
Keyword(s):  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Penetration Behavior ◽  
Corneal Penetration

scholarly journals Visualization and Quantification of the Penetration Behavior of Bentonite Suspensions into the Pore Network of non-cohesive Media by using μ-CT Imaging

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta Schoesser ◽  
Atefeh Ghorbanpour ◽  
Matthias Halisch ◽  
Markus Thewes
Keyword(s):  
Filter Cake ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Bored Pile ◽  
Soil Skeleton ◽  
Bentonite Suspension ◽  
Penetration Behavior ◽  
Drill Holes

Abstract. Bentonite suspensions are an essential tool for different construction techniques in horizontal and vertical drilling, in diaphragm and bored pile walls as well as in pipe jacking and tunneling. One of the main tasks of the suspension is to prevent the surrounding ground from collapsing during the excavation process of trenches, drill holes or tunnels. In order to maintain the soil stability close to the excavation, the bentonite suspension has to counteract against the earth and water pressure. Therefore, the pressure acting in the suspension has to counter the groundwater pressure and to be transferred into an effective stress to support the soil skeleton. The creation of a pressure transfer mechanism can be achieved in two ways. A direct relation exists between the mechanism of the pressure transfer and the penetration behavior of the bentonite suspension in the subsoil. The relation of the size of the bentonite particles in the suspension and the size of the pores in soft soil is decisive. In addition, the yield strength of the bentonite suspension is a determining factor. Concerning the penetration behavior two theoretical models exist actually: formation of a filter cake and entire penetration into the pore space. If the pore space is smaller than the size of the bentonite particles, a filtration process takes place. Here, the bentonite particles agglomerate gradually at the entrance of the pore space and create a thin nearly impermeable layer. This membrane is named filter cake. If the pore space is larger than the size of the bentonite particles, the suspension penetrates into the subsoil up to a certain depth. These models have a more theoretical character due to missing visual evidence concerning the interaction of the bentonite suspension in the pore space. Here, the micro CT technique delivers a valuable contribution to this research.

Observation of Intrusion Rates of Hexamethyldisilazane During Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Functionalization of Triethoxyfluorosilane Low-k Films

2005 ◽  
Vol 863 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Capani ◽  
P.D. Matz ◽  
D.W. Mueller ◽  
M.J. Kim ◽  
E.R. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Silica Films ◽  
Silylating Agents ◽  
Penetration Behavior ◽  
Low K

AbstractWater adsorption by porous low-k silica films results in increased dielectric constants and is often due to silanol groups on the pore surfaces. Reacting the silanols with silylating agents (e.g., hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS)) in supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) can increase film hydrophobicity and can remove adsorbed water. In porous methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ) films (average pore size ∼ 3-4nm), it has been determined that supercritical silylation reactions do not substantially penetrate beyond the film surface.1,2 In this work we have examined the supercritical penetration behavior of silylating agents in low-k films with larger pore sizes (5-10nm). The depth and extent of reactants was determined by in situ infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface hydrophobicity was examined by contact angle experiments.

Study on the Ink Penetration Behavior of the Offset Paper Surface

2010 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 354-357
Author(s):  
Xiao Lin Zhang ◽  
Ru Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Important Influence ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Paper Surface ◽  
Penetration Behavior ◽  
Ink Transfer ◽  
Printing Speed

In the offset process, ink penetration performance has extremely important influence on the quality of printed products. Ink penetration behavior and ink transfer volume on the offset paper surface were researched with the aid of IGT printability tester (AIC2-5) in the conditions of temperature 20±3°C and humidity of 60 ± 5%. Effect of different printing pressure and printing speed on the ink penetration depth was discussed, and at the same time, the depth was measured by GX71 Inverted Metallurgical Microscope. The results showed that, with the increasing of printing pressure, the changes of ink penetration depth and the ink transfer volume on offset paper surface were increased firstly and then decreased. When printing pressure was 400N, the ink penetration depth reached the maximum 71.67μm and the ink transfer volume reached the maximum too. With the enhancing of printing speed, ink penetration depth and ink transfer volume would be decreased gradually. The study also found that ink penetration behavior had certain influence on the ink color forming properties. For the offset paper used in this experiment, when ink penetration depth was 60.0μm~63.0μm, the print had high ink color intensity and color efficiency. When the ink penetration depth was too deep, ink color intensity and color efficiency was significantly reduced, while the color hue error would be increased, the print ink color turned shallow.

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