189. Evidence of Fecal Contamination within a Machine at a Manufacturing Site

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ewers ◽  
L. Tapp ◽  
C. Achutan
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Contamination

Bacteriophages – What are they and why they might be an appropriate new indicator for fecal contamination of recreational waters

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (12) ◽  
pp. 1884-1886
Author(s):  
Charles P Gerba ◽  
Bradley W Schmitz ◽  
Alexander N Wassimi ◽  
Ian L Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Recreational Waters

scholarly journals Comparison of the ColiPlate™ Kit with Two Common E. coli Enumeration Methods for Water

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Cassi J. Gibson ◽  
Abraham K. Maritim ◽  
Jason W. Marion
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
World Health ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Very High

Quantitatively assessing fecal indicator bacteria in drinking water from limited resource settings (e.g., disasters, remote areas) can inform public health strategies for reducing waterborne illnesses. This study aimed to compare two common approaches for quantifying Escherichia coli (E. coli) density in natural water versus the ColiPlate™ kit approach. For comparing methods, 41 field samples from natural water sources in Kentucky (USA) were collected. E. coli densities were then determined by (1) membrane filtration in conjunction with modified membrane-thermotolerant E. coli (mTEC) agar, (2) Idexx Quanti-Tray® 2000 with the Colilert® substrate, and (3) the Bluewater Biosciences ColiPlate kit. Significant correlations were observed between E. coli density data for all three methods (p < 0.001). Paired t-test results showed no difference in E. coli densities determined by all the methods (p > 0.05). Upon assigning modified mTEC as the reference method for determining the World Health Organization-assigned “very high-risk” levels of fecal contamination (> 100 E. coli CFU/100 mL), both ColiPlate and Colilert exhibited excellent discrimination for screening very high-risk levels according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (~89%). These data suggest ColiPlate continues to be an effective monitoring tool for quantifying E. coli density and characterizing fecal contamination risks from water.

scholarly journals A localized sanitation status index as a proxy for fecal contamination in urban Maputo, Mozambique

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e0224333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew Capone ◽  
Zaida Adriano ◽  
David Berendes ◽  
Oliver Cumming ◽  
Robert Dreibelbis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Status Index

Examining the Relationship Between Wet Weather and Fecal Contamination in a North Carolina Estuary

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1031
Author(s):  
Angela D. Coulliette ◽  
Andrew D. Gronewold ◽  
Eric S. Money ◽  
Marc L. Serre ◽  
Rachel T. Noble
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
North Carolina Estuary ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Caffeine as an indicator of human fecal contamination in the Sinos River: a preliminary study

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Linden ◽  
MV Antunes ◽  
LS Heinzelmann ◽  
JD Fleck ◽  
R Staggemeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Public Supply ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Fecal Waste ◽  
Human Source ◽  
Collection Sites

<p>The preservation of hydric resources is directly related to fecal contamination monitoring, in order to allow the development of strategies for the management of polluting sources. In the present study, twenty-five water samples from six water public supply collection sites were used for the evaluation of the presence of caffeine, total and fecal coliforms. Caffeine was detected in all samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.15 ng mL<sup>–1</sup> to 16.72 ng mL<sup>–1</sup>. Total coliforms were detected in all samples, with concentrations in the range of 52 NMP/100 mL to higher than 24196 NMP/100 mL, whether the concentration range for fecal coliforms was in the range of below 1 NMP/100 mL to 7800 NMP/100 mL. No significant correlation was found between total coliforms and caffeine concentrations (rs = 0.35, p = 0.09). However, a moderate correlation between fecal coliforms and caffeine concentrations was found (rs = 0.412, p <0.05), probably indicating a human source for these bacteria. Caffeine determination in water may be a useful strategy to evaluate water contamination by human fecal waste.</p>

The use of antibiotic resistance profiling as a means of tracing sources of fecal contamination in source waters

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
M. S. Mthembu ◽  
P. T. Biyela ◽  
T. G. Djarova ◽  
A. K. Basson
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Source Waters

Fecal contamination of source waters and its associated intestinal pathogens continues to pose risks to public health although the extent and effect of microbial contamination of source waters gets very little attention in designing treatment plants in most developing countries. Coliform counts give an indication of the overall bacterial contamination of water and thus its safety for human consumption. However, their presence fails to provide information about the source of fecal contamination which is vital to managing fecal contamination problems in surface waters. This study explored the use of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexing as means of differentiating E. coli isolates from different sources. A total of 322 E. coli isolates were obtained from municipal wastewater and from fecal samples from domestic and wild animals. Conventional culture methods and standard chemical and biochemical tests were used for isolation and identification of E. coli. Isolates were assayed against 10 antibiotics using the micro-dilution technique. The results obtained generated antibiotic resistance profiles which were used to statistically group the isolates into different subsets. Correct source classification was obtained for 60% of human-derived and 95% non-human-derived E. coli respectively. These results indicate the validity of the usefulness of MAR indexing as a method of bacterial source tracking.

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