81. Exposure Assessment for an Epidemiologic Study of Brain Tumors Among Petrochemical Research Workers

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kalmes ◽  
G. Brorby ◽  
M. Kelsh ◽  
P. Buffler
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Epidemiologic Study

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Study of Central Nervous System Tumors in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
David Hakizimana ◽  
Agabe Emmy Nkusi ◽  
David Hakizimana ◽  
Eric Shingiro ◽  
Paulin Munyemana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Secondary Neoplasms ◽  
Nervous System Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction: Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are primary or secondary neoplasms located within the craniovertebral cavity. The incidence of CNS tumors is not uniform with variation between different countries, age groups and races. Objective: Our study aim was to generate new knowledge of the epidemiology of central nervous system tumors in Rwanda. Method: This was an observational retrospective study of all patients diagnosed with CNS tumors in Rwanda over a period of 10 years, from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2015. Results: 466 patients enrolled, (52.2% females, 47.8% males). The median age at diagnosis of was 37 years. Brain tumors were 82.7%; spine tumor patients were 16.4%. The average annual age-standardized incidence of CNS tumors was 0.43/100, 0000 person-years and varied with age groups. Tumors of meningothelial cells represented the majority of brain tumors (31.8%). Metastatic tumors were the far most common spine tumors category. 55.8 % of CNS tumors reported in our study were histologically confirmed and of nonmalignant meningiomas were the commonest (33.9%). Conclusion: This is the very first study done on epidemiology of CNS tumors in Rwanda, and generated data about incidence of CNS tumors in Rwanda and their location and histological distribution.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Retrospective Exposure Assessment for Former Chrysotile Asbestos Miners and Millers from Baie Verte, NL, Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Giles Murphy ◽  
Stephen Bornstein ◽  
John Oudyk ◽  
Paul A Demers
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Geometric Standard Deviation ◽  
Chrysotile Asbestos ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Compensation Claims ◽  
Job Title ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Work Histories

Abstract Despite numerous studies of asbestos workers in the epidemiologic literature, there are very few cohort studies of chrysotile asbestos miners/millers that include high-quality retrospective exposure assessments. As part of the creation of the Baie Verte Miners’ Registry in 2008, a two-dimensional job exposure matrix (JEM) was developed for estimating asbestos exposures for former chrysotile asbestos miners/millers. Industrial hygiene data collected between 1963 and 1994 were analysed to assess validity for use in a retrospective exposure assessment and epidemiologic study. Registered former employees were divided into 52 exposure groups (EGs) based on job title and department and mean asbestos concentrations were calculated for each EG. The resulting exposure estimates were linked to individual registrants’ work histories allowing for the calculation of cumulative asbestos exposure for each registrant. The distribution of exposure for most EGs (82.6%) could be described as fitting a log-normal distribution, although variability within some EGs (55%) exceeded a geometric standard deviation (GSD) of 2.5. Overall, the data used to create EGs in the development of the JEM were deemed to be of adequate quality for estimating cumulative asbestos exposures for the former employees of the Baie Verte asbestos mine/mill. The variability between workers in the same job was often high and is an important factor to be considered when using estimates of cumulative asbestos exposure to adjudicate compensation claims. The exposures experienced in this cohort were comparable to those of other chrysotile asbestos miners/millers cohorts, specifically Italian and Québec cohorts.

A Follow-Up Study of Childhood Nasopharyngeal Radium Irradiation in Washington County, Maryland

1996 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-416
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chieh Yeh ◽  
Genevieve M. Matanoski ◽  
George W. Comstock
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Washington County ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios

In 1978 an epidemiologic study exploring the health consequences of nasopharyngeal radium irradiation among individuals treated for adenoid enlargement in Washington County, Maryland, found an excess risk of brain tumors and a deficit of female breast cancers. The study population included all persons first seen at the Washington County Clinic for the Prevention of Deafness in Children from 1940 to January 1, 1960. We will continue the follow-up of irradiated and nonirradiated patients to (1) assess the risk of brain tumors and other neoplasms of the head and neck developing during a 40-year period, (2) assess hormone-related disorders resulting from irradiation of the pituitary gland, and (3) compare cancer incidence and mortality rates among exposed and nonexposed groups. Of the 2135 persons eligible for this study, 93.5% have been traced, and 90% have replied to a mailed questionnaire that elicits information on demographic characteristics, reproductive and medical history, infertility, and other sources of radiation exposure. Information on cancer incidence and mortality is being obtained from the Washington County Cancer Registry and death certificate flies from Washington County and the Social Security Administration. Statistical methods to be used in the data analysis include standardized mortality ratios, standardized cancer incidence ratios, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of asymptomatic glioma and implications for survival

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Province Warren ◽  
Mina Lobbous ◽  
Noah C. Peeri ◽  
Zachary J. Thompson ◽  
Reid C. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Improve Patient Survival ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

AbstractBackgroundBrain tumors can present as focal neurologic deficits (reflecting the tumor location) or generalized symptoms due to increased intracranial pressure. Occasionally, brain tumors can be found incidentally in asymptomatic patients or in patients with unrelated symptoms who undergo brain imaging. The term incidentaloma is used to refer to these imaging abnormalities.ObjectiveThe object of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of asymptomatic glioma in a large epidemiological study of brain tumors.MethodsThe analysis was based on a large series of patients with glioma (N = 1989) enrolled in a multicenter clinic-based epidemiologic study between 2005 and 2017. Patients were considered asymptomatic from the tumor, and thus as having an incidentally detected glioma (IDG), if the tumor was diagnosed during workup of injury or unrelated medical condition.ResultsA total of 32 of 1989 (1.6%) patients were asymptomatic at diagnosis. The leading indication for brain imaging in IDG was non-workplace injuries followed by medical workup for unrelated conditions. IDG was more prevalent in patients younger than 50 years of age (2.6% vs 1.0%). IDG was also more common in patients with low grade gliomas (4.7% for WHO grade II and 1.5% for WHO grade III) vs glioblastomas (0.6% in WHO grade IV).ConclusionThe present data suggest that gliomas may be found incidentally, especially among low grade gliomas. Studies of IDG may be useful as a proxy for early detection of tumor as a means to improve patient survival.

scholarly journals Using geographic information systems for radon exposure assessment in dwellings in the Oslo region, Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kollerud ◽  
K. Blaasaas ◽  
G. Ganerød ◽  
H. K. Daviknes ◽  
E. Aune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Radon Measurement ◽  
Radon Exposure ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Radon Measurements

Abstract. Radon exposures were assigned to each residential address in the Oslo region using a geographic information system (GIS) that included indoor radon measurements. The results will be used in an epidemiologic study regarding leukemia and brain cancer. The model is based on 6% of measured residential buildings. High density of indoor radon measurements allowed us to develop a buffer model where indoor radon measurements found around each dwelling were used to assign a radon value for homes lacking radon measurement. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to study the agreement between radon values from the buffer method, from indoor radon values of measured houses, and from a regression model constructed with radiometric data (eTh, eU) and bedrock geology. We obtained good agreement for both comparisons with ICC values between 0.54 and 0.68. GIS offers a useful variety of tools to study the indoor-radon exposure assessment. By using the buffer method it is more likely that geological conditions are similar within the buffer and this may take more into account the variation of radon over short distances. It is also probable that short-distance-scale correlation patterns express similarities in building styles and living habits. Although the method has certain limitations, we regard it as acceptable for use in epidemiological studies.

Use of structured, interactive interviews in retrospective noise exposure assessment in an occupational epidemiologic study

2000 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 2877-2877
Author(s):  
Mary M. Prince ◽  
Martha A. Waters ◽  
Robert R. Anderson ◽  
Richard R. James
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Epidemiologic Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document