scholarly journals Cinematic Islamic feminism and the female war gaze

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-70
Author(s):  
Dilyana Mincheva
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Islamic Feminism ◽  
New Born ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Cinematic Experience ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
War Experience ◽  
Women In War

One of 2019’s most acclaimed documentaries, Waad Al-Kateab’s For Sama is an extraordinary feminist representation of the Syrian civil war (2011present). Al-Kateab impressively documents five years of the most traumatic contemporary conflict in the Middle East by focusing on personal confessions to Sama, her new-born daughter. Raw, dramatic, and sometimes unbearable to watch, it is a poetic tribute to a micro-level, “singularly unmanly”, and painfully intimate portrayal of war and hope (Montgomery). A mixture of love and horror unfold through a kaleidoscopic personal narrative that broaches macro-political and religious subjects without centralising them in the cinematic experience. This article discusses how Al-Kateab’s documentary is a novel and risky experiment that intermingles the female war gaze with a subtle, image-based Islamic feminism. Capitalising on Svetlana Alexievich’s “female war gaze”, which represents the invisible stories of women in war, I show how Al-Kateab’s cinematography expands the scope of the female war experience through carefully selected visual refences to Islamic ethical praxis, as interiorised by the camerawoman. For Sama is simultaneously an intimate motherly confession and act of both “listening” and “remembrance” (as the praxis of the Sufi Samāʿ suggests). In short, it mediates an ethical truth about the human condition in ruins.

Refugees’ dehumanization in the Spanish media: A corpus-assisted study within the semantic preference framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gema Alcaraz-Mármol ◽  
Jorge Soto-Almela
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Manual Analysis ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
The Media

AbstractThe dehumanization of migrants and refugees in the media has been the object of numerous critical discourse analyses and metaphor-based studies which have primarily dealt with English written news articles. This paper, however, addresses the dehumanizing language which is used to refer to refugees in a 1.8-million-word corpus of Spanish news articles collected from the digital libraries of El Mundo and El País, the two most widely read Spanish newspapers. Our research particularly aims to explore how the dehumanization of the lemma refugiado is constructed through the identification of semantic preferences. It is concerned with synchronic and diachronic aspects, offering results on the evolution of refugees’ dehumanization from 2010 to 2016. The dehumanizing collocates are determined via a corpus-based analysis, followed by a detailed manual analysis conducted in order to label the different collocates of refugiado semantically and classify them into more specific semantic subsets. The results show that the lemma refugiado usually collocates with dehumanizing words that express, by frequency order, quantification, out-of-control phenomenon, objectification, and economic burden. The analysis also demonstrates that the collocates corresponding to these four semantic subsets are unusually frequent in the 2015–16 period, giving rise to seasonal collocates strongly related to the Syrian civil war and other Middle-East armed conflicts.

scholarly journals Verhale oor die Anglo-Boereoorlog

Literator ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
C. N. Van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
Boer War ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Experience ◽  
War Stories

Fiction on the Anglo-Boer War This article gives an overview of fictional prose about the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. In contrast to the desire of many people to “forgive and forget" this past war, some authors for example Gustav Preller and D.F. Malherbe, told stories to remind the reader of the suffering of the past. Stereotypical patterns in a number of conventional war stories are mentioned in the article, followed by a discussion of fictional texts deviating from these conventional patterns - inter alia, works by Johannes van Melle and J.R.L. van Bruggen. In conclusion, texts are analysed which use the war experience to illuminate the general human condition: works by Etienne Leroux, Elsa Joubert and others.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Marcus DuBois King
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
The World ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Arab Spring

Chapter 9 summarizes the volume asserting that the chapters herein provide compelling evidence that alters our conceptualization of hydropolitics in the Middle East. Understanding that the regional power structure, always in flux, is changing significantly today the authors offer critical insights into the future of water conflict, often in the context of growing water inequalities both between nations and within the nations themselves of the type that were a critical factor in the incitement of wide-scale unrest across the region, including the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011 and the Syrian civil war. The chapter amplifies the authors’ arguments concluding that, without decisive international agreements over water sharing, dam construction, and improvements in national water governance policy, the world will face a future of dangerous growth in inequalities across the Middle East, and their attendant consequences in the form of insecurity and more conflict.

scholarly journals Forced Displacement and Refugees

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-440
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
The World

Forced migration has come to be the defining feature of the contemporary Middle East, a region that is both the source of and host to some of the largest forcibly displaced populations in the world. In 2015, 65 percent of the world's 19.4 million refugees—including the 5.5 million Palestinian refugees—as well as 30 percent of the world's thirty-eight million internally displaced persons were in the Middle East, while one out of every four refugees worldwide was from Syria. Seeking security and stability, millions of people from the region are on the move within and across social spaces that are at once strange and familiar, and in which they themselves are familiar and strange to others. In 2015, Turkey became host to the world's largest refugee population of over two million, while Zaʿatari camp in Jordan has grown rapidly to become one of the world's largest camps since the Syrian civil war began. With 7.6 million people—or 35 percent of the population—internally displaced, Syria now has the highest number of internally displaced persons in the world. Iraq has produced multiple overlapping displacements, resulting in one of the largest refugee resettlement programs of the past decade. Thousands of Syrians, Libyans, and Iraqis have undertaken perilous journeys across the Mediterranean Sea to seek asylum in Europe and elsewhere. Palestinian refugees are now in a fourth generation of exile, making their plight the longest running unresolved refugee situation in the world.

scholarly journals SYRIAN CIVIL WAR: A HUMANITARIAN CRISIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DR. RANI ERUM
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
The People ◽  
Significant Effort

The Syrian crisis is one of the most extensive issue of Middle East. The enduring fight among Baathist regime and factions of rebellion groups created a humanitarian dilemma in the country. Since 2011 the people of Syria are in complete despair, every dawn increases the intensity of their misery. The high amount of civilian deaths and destruction of infrastructure turned the country in to complete turmoil. Every day thousands of Syrian entre in Greece and Turkey for refuge and security, many among them died during this process which regularly shows on television screens but regional and internal actors are looking completely disable to do any significant effort to settle the conflicts among opponents of crisis. Therefore, the peace prospects are not very hopeful because the ongoing clashes frequently sabotage every effort between the combatants. This study design to discuss the reasons, consequences and effects of civil war on Syrians and enlightened the direct and indirect role of regional and Western powers in the past seven years.

scholarly journals Politik Minyak dalam Konflik Suriah

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Mariatul Kibtiah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Foreign Fighters ◽  
Vital Factor

The dynamics of conflict in Syria has influenced the energy security in the region. United States and Europe both have strategic interests on Syrian for securing the flow of oil and gas from the Middle East to Europe and preserving peace and harmony in the region. This article contends that Syria plays a strategic role in maintaining the stability of oil production from the Middle East. Even though the production of oil in Syria declined drastically from 400,000 barrell per day to 25,000 barrell per day, but most of those products are at the hand of opposition, including the jihadist of ISIS, in the Northern and Southern area of Syria. In addition, the presence of foreign fighters in Syrian civil war have fueled the conflict and affected the stability of the region. Syria needs at least 30 years to recover from current conflict and it needs oil productions as the vital factor. This article is based on interviews conducted in 2012 to 2013 in Jakarta and analysis of documents.

The Need for Policies to Overcome eGov Implementation Challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraheem Alsaeed ◽  
Carl Adams ◽  
Rich Boakes
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Civic Activity ◽  
Syrian Civil War

Electronic Government (hereafter eGov) is a transformative agent upon political and civic activity: it involves the provision and use of information and services by citizens, businesses and governments; and thus has the potential to increase civic efficiency and transparency; to facilitate interaction between public, private and government entities; and ultimately to promote democracy and political stability. Academic literature covering transformational eGov activity in times of geopolitical instability (such as that which Syria is currently facing) is uncommon. We selected thirty-five papers for review, each covering aspects of eGov relevant to the Middle-East Arabic Countries and Syria, for the period between 2000 and 2013. This paper exposes five categories of challenge (Syrian Civil war and Instability, Human, Political, Infrastructure and Organisational) faced by eGov implementations in Middle-East Arabic Countries/Syria and proposes further work to investigate these.

Islamist Feminism: Constructing Gender Identities in Postcolonial Muslim Societies

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry R. Halverson ◽  
Amy K. Way
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Unique Extension ◽  
Islamic Feminism ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Independence Movements

AbstractThis article analyzes the emergence of female Islamist leaders in the Middle East and North Africa, and the glaring contradictions between their feminist views and their roles as political activists for the Islamic State. The two Islamist leaders who form the primary focus of this analysis are Zaynab al-Ghazali (d. 2005) of Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood and Nadia Yassine of Morocco's Justice and Charity Society. Our analysis reveals the existence of “Islamistfeminism,” distinguished from broader secular-oriented Islamic feminism, as a logical, albeit unique, extension, and expression of Muslim anti-colonial discourse rooted in the intellectual currents of twentieth century independence movements that still resonate today.

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