scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE MILITARY EXPENDITURE AND SECURITY EXPENDITURE STRUCTURE ON THE SECURITY STABILITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Guntur Eko Saputro ◽  
Jonni Mahroza ◽  
Herlina Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Data Series ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business Cost

<p>The structure of defense spending in Indonesia State Budget consists of three types of spending, which are routine expenditure, goods expenditure, and capital expenditure. It shows the changes in consumption expenditure contribution, direct investment expenditure, and indirect investment from the government. According to The Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Indonesia presents a low level of security stability among 138 countries. Due to the terrorism threat, Indonesia is ranked 115 (Global Competitive Index or GCI=4,2) for business cost, at the 102nd ranking (GCI=3,9) for the business cost caused by crime and violence, and 108th ranking (GCI=4,1) for organized crime. This study aims to examine the impact of military expenditure on security stability in Indonesia. The analytical method used in this study is explanatory, it aims to explain the causal relationship between variables and hypothesis testing. This study employs the time series data with per semester data series through 2000-2018. The research model is formulated as a recursive linear model in the form of a Cobb-Douglas production function and analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the Ordinary Least Square method. The result reveals that both military expenditure and security expenditure have impacted simultaneously on security stability. The integration of all components of military expenditure synergistically can increase Security Stability. The components of spending that have a partially significant positive effect on Security Stability are expenditures on goods and capital expenditures.</p>

Another Side of the Coin: Exchange Rate Movements and the Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Anthony Orji ◽  
Jonathan E. Ogbuabor ◽  
Chiamaka Okeke ◽  
Onyinye I. Anthony-Orji
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

This study estimated the impact of exchange rate (EXCH) movements on the manufacturing sector in Nigeria over the period 1981–2016. Time series data and ordinary least square (OLS) estimation technique were employed in this study to address the specified objective. The variables analysed were EXCH, manufacturing GDP (MGDP), government capital expenditure, foreign direct investment (FDI), credit to private sector and value of imports. From the result, it is apparent that EXCH movements play a significant role in the manufacturing sector’s performance in Nigeria. Specifically, the findings showed that EXCH, government capital expenditure (GCEXP), imports and FDI were positively related to MGDP, while credit to private sector was negatively related. Among others, the study recommends that the apex bank keep a closer watch on EXCH developments in order to keep formulating up-to-date policies that will ultimately enhance EXCH stability. This will largely contribute to the development of the manufacturing sector in the short and long run. JEL Classification: D51, F31, Q24

scholarly journals IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT SECURITY EXPENDITURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-225
Author(s):  
Amana Abu ◽  
◽  
Aigbedion Marvelous
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Defence Spending ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Government Security

This study is an attempt to assess the impact of government security expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria from 1986-2018. The study was carried out using time series data, and econometrics tools were used for testing and estimation. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) was used to test the stationarity, the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Error Correction Model (ECM) techniques were used to estimate the impact of government security expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria and the causality test was also carried out to show the casual relationship among the economic variables using Granger test. From the study’s findings, the data were stationary at various levels and the impact estimated result shows that government security expenditure has strong impact on economic growth in Nigeria given the R2 Square of 0.97. While long run result revealed that Government Recurrent Defence Spending in Nigeria (GRDEXP), Government Recurrent Internal Security Spending in Nigeria (GRISEXP) and Government Security Capital Expenditure in Nigeria (GSCAEXP) were statistically significant at 5% level of significance. Also, ECM result revealed that all the independent variables were statistically insignificant in explaining the variation in Real Gross Domestic Products (RGDP) in Nigeria except Government Recurrent Defence Spending in Nigeria (GRDEXP).Therefore, the study recommends that government should design a mechanism to ensure all monies spent in Security in Nigeria are accounted for economic growth in Nigeria.

Impact of Health and Agriculture Financing on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Rasaki Olufemi KAREEM ◽  
◽  
Olawale LATEEF ◽  
Muideen Adejare ISIAKA ◽  
Kamilu RAHEEM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Impact

The study focused on the impact of health and agriculture financing on economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. The study utilized the time series data which was extracted from Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin. Unit Root test was performed with the use of Augmented Dickey-Fuller test in order to ascertain the stationarity of all the variables and they were all found to be stationary at order 1 in the two specified models (composite and disaggregated). Error Correction Model (ECM) was used to analyze the data in order to determine the speed of adjustment from the short run to the long run equilibrium state. Casualty test was used to confirm causal relationship among the variables of interests. The study revealed that Federal Government expenditure in Health sector has a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. Federal Government expenditure in Agricultural sector equally had a positive effect on economic growth but surprisingly not significant. Considering the disaggregated form, Federal Government capital expenditure in both Health and Agricultural sectors have positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth while Federal Government recurrent expenditure on health has a positive and statistically insignificant effect in economic. It was also revealed that there is causal relationship among the variables. Based on the findings, the study concluded that Federal Government Expenditure in Health Sectors and Agriculture Sectors have effect on economic growth in Nigeria.

Human Capital Impact on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Chuwuemeka Ogugua AGBO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the impact of human capital on economic growth in Nigeria. Despite all effort to improve education condition in Nigeria, there hasn’t been much encouraging improvement. This has caused a large number of the population to move abroad for studies. Most conducive tertiary institutions are owned by private individuals, the government owned universities have been overlooked and recklessly abandoned. In this study OLS multiple regression was adopted to analyze the time series data for the period of 1985-2018 to test if Average Year of Schooling (AVYS), Private Investment in Telecommunication (PIT), Capital Expenditure on Education (CEE), and Recurrent Expenditure on Education (REE) have an impact on growth in Nigeria or not. The data was derived from CBN statistical Bulletin (2018). Result showed that all the four explanatory variables have significant impact on Economic growth. However, it is therefore important for government to increase education budget annually.

The impact of Benin’s first public procurement code and its amendment on healthcare equipment acquisition prices

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamphile Thierry Houngbo ◽  
Maikel Kishna ◽  
Marjolein Zweekhorst ◽  
Daton Medenou ◽  
Joske G.F. Bunder-Aelen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Care Equipment

PurposeTo satisfy donors and reduce public procurement acquisition prices, Benin has implemented and amended its first public procurement code guided by top-down principles of good governance.Design/methodology/approachThis study aims to measure the impact of the code and its amendment on public procurement acquisition prices of health-care equipment from 1995 to 2010.FindingsA segmented linear regression analysis was performed using interrupted time-series data. The analysis shows that the code and its amendment did not reduce acquisition prices, indicating the limited impact of the code. The authors recommend the implementation of bottom-up processes in establishing the public procurement system, and the development of a reference pricelist of the most widely used health-care equipment, as possible solutions for improving the effectiveness of the code.

Impact of Fiscal Policy on Agricultural Output in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedoyin Isola LAWAL ◽  
Ernest Onyebuchi FIDELIS ◽  
Abiola Ayoopo BABAJIDE ◽  
Barnabas O. OBASAJU ◽  
Oluwatoyese OYETADE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of fiscal policy on agricultural output in Nigeria using the most recent official data. The metrics for fiscal policy is government capital expenditure and custom duties on fertilizer. The study used annual time series data obtained from CBN annual statistical bulletin, NCS, and FIRS which was found to be stationary at the order of I(1) and I(0). The order of unit root test led to the use of ARDL estimation method employed in the empirical analysis of this research work. The study found evidence of both short and long run relationship between the variables (VAO, GEX, IDMF, and ACGSF) using both Johansen co-integration and ARDL Bounds test. Although government expenditure (GEX) to agricultural sector was found to be statistically insignificant which recommend that government should increase agriculture capital expenditure to ensure that its contribution is significant. Consequently, custom duties on fertilizer (IDMF) was found to be negatively signed and significant indicating a negative impact on agricultural output. This demands that the policy makers should be prudent in the use of fiscal policy instrument in achieving its desired objective.

scholarly journals Comparison of the impact of lending and inflation rates on economic growth in Vietnam and China

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-203
Author(s):  
Doan Van Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Lending Rate ◽  
Lending Rates ◽  
The Impact

Inflation and lending rates are two important macroeconomic indicators as they affect economic growth. The correlation between the inflation rate and the lending rate in Vietnam and China is analyzed to determine whether the lending rate causes inflation or not. An ordinary least square model (OLS) and a unit root test are applied to check the correlation and cointegration related to the inflation and lending rates to avoid spurious regression. The research time series data were collected from 1996 to 2017. The correlation of Vietnam’s variables is 56%, the correlation of China’s variables is 55%, which is a close correlation. The empirical cointegration test results for Vietnam and China are suitable for two research models. The relationship between these two indicators influences each other. In the short term, inflation stimulates economic growth through loose monetary policy through the lending rate. However, in the long term, if the money supply increases continuously, inflation will slow economic growth and increase bad debt. The empirical results are to make accurate forecasts and determine monetary policy for micro-managers who set the goal of sustainable economic growth and have a strategy for economic development in the short and long term.

scholarly journals Does government spending reduce poverty in Nigeria? Evidence from Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Specification.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Olufemi Samuel Adegboyo
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Transfer Capital ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyses the impact of government spending on poverty reducing in Nigeria for the period 1981 to 2017 making use of annual time series data. The study employs the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The result of the study revealed that economic service recurrent expenditure (ESRX), social and community recurrent expenditure (SCSRX), Transfer recurrent expenditure (TRX) reduces poverty while transfer capital expenditure (TCX) and administrative recurrent expenditure (ADRX) escalate poverty. Consequently, the study recommends that Government should embark on provision of food subsidies, subsidies farm input for farmers, subsidies transportation cost. Furthermore, government should endeavor to pay pensioners all their entitlements including gratuities as at when due without any delay, government should also be giving stipend to the unemployed and disabled, more poverty alleviating programs should be organize Also, the huge cost of maintaining the government should be reduced by reducing the numbers of political appointees to a reasonable size.

scholarly journals Potential Tax Reforms and Kuwait Economic Growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
K. Lawler ◽  
F. Ali Al-Sayegh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Oil Revenue ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to identify whether tax reforms are viable in Kuwait in order to create more government income from sources other than oil. The study examines the relationship between the changes in tax revenues, changes in oil revenue and changes in GDP in Kuwait using time series data from 1998 to 2015. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) is used to check for the existence of a unit root. The cointegration test is applied to test for long term relationships between variables using the General Least Square (GLS) method of estimation. The results of the tests find that the impact of changes in tax revenues on changes in the GDP of Kuwait is insignificant. Therefore, Kuwait’s government could rationally implement tax reforms to have incremental sources of income other than oil revenue. Moreover, it is argued that the government might consider implementing broad based consumption taxes and value added taxes into the tax structure Kuwait, and to invest the revenues from those taxes in productive policies, to induce long term economic growth.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI TERHADAP KESEMPATAN KERJA DI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur Afiat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Employment Opportunities

This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of Economic Growth Rate on Employment Opportunities in Southeast Sulawesi Province 2000-2015. This research is a type of Quantitative research using secondary data in the form of time series data, ie from 2000-2015. Data source was obtained from Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and Bank Indonesia of Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study also uses multiple linear regression analysis tools with ordinary least square method (OLS) and then processed with application Eviews 8.0. The results of the study show that Economic Growth has a significant influence on Employment Opportunities in Southeast Sulawesi Province 2000-2015.

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